Direct Observation of the Inhibition of Phase Segregation by Quaternary Ammonium in Mixed-Halide Perovskite

Due to their tunable bandgaps, mixed-halide perovskites (MHPs), such as CsPbBrxI3–x (0 x < 1), have excellent prospects for tandem solar cells and wavelength-tunable light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Yet MHPs experience light-induced halide phase segregation (LIHPS) when exposed to light or an electric field, and the origin of this is still under debate. In this work, it was discovered that local electric fields caused by vacancy defects stimulated ion migration under the synergistic influence of strain. These findings were based on the observation that tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) considerably suppresses LIHPS. The significance of minimizing surface defects by ligand passivation was emphasized so as to suppress LIHPS. In years to come, it is anticipated to attain stable mixed-halide perovskites with bandgap tunability under electrical bias or light-induced conditions, which is essential for applications including tandem solar cells and wavelength-tunable LEDs

Data_Sheet_1_Anti-inflammatory compounds from the mangrove endophytic fungus Amorosia sp. SCSIO 41026.docx

Three new chlorinated compounds, including two propenylphenol derivatives, chlorophenol A and B (1 and 2), and one benzofuran derivative, chlorophenol C (3), together with 16 known compounds, were isolated from the mangrove endophytic fungus Amorosia sp. SCSIO 41026. 7-Chloro-3,4-dihydro-6,8-dihydroxy-3-methylisocoumarine (4) and 2,4-dichloro-3-hydroxy-5-methoxy-toluene (5) were obtained as new natural products. Their structures were elucidated by physicochemical properties and extensive spectroscopic analysis. Compounds 1, 4, 7, 9, 13, 15, 16, and 19 possessed inhibitory effects against the excessive production of nitric oxide (NO) and pro-inflammatory cytokines in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged RAW264.7 macrophages without obvious cytotoxicity. Moreover, 5-chloro-6-hydroxymellein (13) further alleviated the pathological lung injury of LPS-administrated mice and protected RAW264.7 macrophages against LPS-induced inflammation through PI3K/AKT pathway in vivo. Our research laid the foundation for the application of compound 13 as a potential anti-inflammatory candidate.</p

Bright InP Quantum Dots by Mid-Synthetic Modification with Zinc Halides

InP quantum dots (QDs) attract growing interest in recent years, owing to their environmental advantages upon applications in display and lighting. However, compared to Cd-based QDs and Pb-based perovskites, the synthesis of InP QDs with high optical quality is relatively more difficult. Here, we established a mid-synthetic modification approach to improve the optical properties of InP-based QDs. Tris(dimethylamino)phosphine ((DMA)3P) and indium iodide were used to prepare InP QDs with a green emission (∼527 nm). By introducing zinc halides (ZnX2) during the mid-synthetic process, the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of the resulting InP/ZnSeS/ZnS core/shell/shell QDs was increased to >70%, and the full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) could be narrowed to ∼40 nm. Transmission electron microscopy clearly showed the improvement of the QDs particle size distribution after introducing ZnX2. It was speculated that ZnX2 was bound to the surface of QDs as a Z-type ligand, which not only passivated surface defects and suppressed the emission of defect states but also prevented Ostwald ripening. The InP cores were also activated by ZnX2, which made the growth of the ZnSeS shell more favorable. The photoluminescence properties started to be improved significantly only when the amount of ZnX2 exceeded 0.5 mmol. As the amount increased, more ZnX2 was distributed around the QDs to form a ligand layer, which prevented the shell precursor from crossing the ligand layer to the surface of the InP core, thus reducing the size of the InP/ZnSeS/ZnS QDs. This work revealed a new role of ZnX2 and found a method for InP QDs with high brightness and low FWHM by the mid-synthetic modification, which would inspire the synthesis of even better InP QDs

Electrical Control of Spin Hall Effect in Pt by Hydrogen Ion Adsorption and Desorption

The manipulation of charge-to-spin current conversion and spin–orbit torque (SOT) is of great interest due to its profound physics and potential applications. Controlling the spin current through the electric field provides a perspective for highly efficient SOT devices. Here, we use H2O-doped ionic liquid gating to realize the reversible and nonvolatile manipulation of the spin Hall effect of Pt, and the spin Hall angle can be modulated by 48% within an accessible gate voltage range. The increase in the spin Hall angle is demonstrated to be caused by the adsorption of hydrogen ions on the Pt surface and the consequent enhancement of the spin Hall conductivity under positive voltage. Furthermore, the enhancement of the spin Hall angle is beneficial to reduce the critical current density for driving the domain wall motion. These results supply a method for the dynamic control of the charge-to-spin current conversion, which will promote the development of spintronic devices driven by electric fields

New triterpenoids from the aerial parts of the Uygur medicine <i>Salvia deserta</i>

Phytochemical investigation on the aerial parts of Salvia deserta led to the isolation of eight new pentacyclic triterpenoids including three oleanane- (1 − 3) and five ursane-type (4 − 8) triterpenoids, whose structures were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic analysis and quantum chemical calculation. Weak immunosuppressive potency was observed for compounds 1, 2, and 4 − 8 via inhibiting the secretion of cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 in LPS-induced macrophages RAW264.7 at 20 μM. In addition, compounds 1, 2, and 4 − 6 exhibited moderate protective activity on t-BHP-induced oxidative injury in HepG2 cells.</p

Additional file 1 of Resequencing of global Lotus corniculatus accessions reveals population distribution and genetic loci, associated with cyanogenic glycosides accumulation and growth traits

Additional file 1: Table S1. Basic information of 272 L. corniculatus accessions. Table S2. The Cross Validation error of values for the K values. Table S3. Selective sweeps between Group I and Group II. Table S4. Selective sweeps between Group I and Group III. Table S5. Selective sweeps between Group II and Group III. Table S6. Genes located in selective sweeps between Group I and Group II. Table S7. Genes located in selective sweeps between Group I and Group III. Table S8. Genes located in selective sweeps between Group II and Group III. Table S9. The CNglcs content and growth traits of 272 L. corniculatus accessions. Table S10. Total CNglcs content associated genes identified by GWAS on chromosome 6: 22.28—22.34 Mb. Table S11. Stem length associated genes identified by GWAS on chromosome 5: 19.86–19.92 Mb in May 2020 BeiJing. Table S12. Steam length associated genes identified by GWAS on chromosome 2: 34.67–34.73 Mb in May 2021 LiangShan. Table S13. Plant height associated genes identified by GWAS on chromosome 3: 6.76–7.36 Mb in September 2019 BeiJing. Table S14. Plant height associated genes identified by GWAS on chr:3 11.20–11.26 Mb in September LiangShan. Table S15. Primers for q-PCR. Table S16. Primers used for vector constructs

Additional file 2 of Resequencing of global Lotus corniculatus accessions reveals population distribution and genetic loci, associated with cyanogenic glycosides accumulation and growth traits

Additional file 2: Fig. S1. a Neighbor-joining tree of 273 germplasms, including 272 L. corniculatus accessions and 1 L. frondosus. (b-c) Linkage disequilibrium (LD) decay distance of L. corniculatus groups. d Neighbor-joining tree of 274 germplasms, including 272 L. corniculatus accessions, L. frondosus and L. japonicus. Fig. S2. a, b, c Box plot of plant height, stem length and CNglcs content in L. corniculatus groups. Significant differences between values are indicated with different letters (*, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.005; ***, P < 0.0001). d Bar plots of Go enrichment of selective-sweep signals identified genes through comparisons between Group I and Group II (upper panel), Group I and Group III (middle panel), and spring and winter ecotypes (lower panel). Fig. S3-5. Manhattan plots for total CNglcs content, lotaustraline and linamarin in 241 accessions using MLMM, Blink and FarmCPU. The black dashed lines indicate the significance threshold (p value = 2.0 × 10–5) and black arrow indicates the significant GWAS peak. Fig. S6. a Relative expression of CNglcs synthetic genes CYP79D3, CYP736A2 and UGT85K3 in different accessions carrying Hap.G and Hap.S, respectively. b Expression profile of CNglcs related genes in Hap.G and Hap.S. Fig. S7. Identification of overexpressed materials in Arabidopsis and L. corniculatus. a PCR identification of positive transformed plants of 35S::ZCD in L. corniculatus. b Relative expression of LjZCD in WT and overexpressed LjZCD plants of L. corniculatus. c PCR identification of positive transformed plants of 35S::ZCB in Arabidopsis. d Relative expression of LjZCB in WT and overexpressed LjZCB plants of Arabidopsis. Fig. S8-12. Manhattan plots for stem length in 241 accessions using MLMM, Blink and FarmCPU. The black dashed lines indicate the significance threshold (p value = 2.0 × 10–5) and black arrow indicates the significant GWAS peak. Fig. S13. Expression profile of different haplotype. a stem length related genes in Hap.G and Hap.K. b Expression profile of plant height related genes in Hap.C and Hap.Y. Fig. S14-18. Manhattan plots for plant height in 241 accessions using MLMM, Blink and FarmCPU. The black dashed lines indicate the significance threshold (p value = 2.0 × 10–5) and black arrow indicates the significant GWAS peak