1-Phenyl-3-(2,4,6-trimethoxy­phen­yl)prop-2-en-1-one

In the title compound, C18H18O4, the dihedral angle between the mean planes of the aromatic rings is 7.39 (6)°. The dihedral angles between the linking C—C=C—C plane and the phenyl and benzene rings are 11.27 (5) and 4.20 (5)°, respectively

catena-Poly[[aqua­(2,2′-bipyridyl)cobalt(II)]-μ-5-nitro­isophthalato]

In the crystal structure of the title compound, [Co(C8H3NO6)(C10H8N2)(H2O)]n, there are two symmetry-independent one-dimensional coordination polymers, which are approximately related by noncrystallographic inversion symmetry. Each zigzag chain is constructed from one CoII ion, one O-monodentate 5-nitro­isophthalate (ndc) dianion, one N,N′-bidentate 2,2′-bipyridyl ligand and one water mol­ecule. A symmetry-generated O,O′-bidentate ndc dianion completes the cobalt coordination environment, which could be described as very distorted cis-CoN2O4 octa­hedral. The bridging ndc ligands result in parallel chains running along the a direction, and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds arising from the water mol­ecules complete the structure

Dibutyl 5-[(4-ethoxycarbonylphenyl)diazenyl]benzene-1,3-dicarboxylate

In the title compound, C25H30N2O6, the dihedral angle between the aromatic rings is 3.79 (1) Å and the N=N bond shows a trans conformation. Both butyl side chains show evidence of disorder

Bis[2,4-penta­nedionato(1−)]bis­[4,4,5,5-tetra­methyl­-2-(4-pyrid­yl)-imidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide]manganese(II)

In the title compound, [Mn(C5H7O2)2(C12H16N3O2)], the manganese(II) cation (site symmetry ) is hexa­coordinated by four O and two N atoms in a distorted trans-MnN2O4 octa­hedral geometry. The four O atoms belonging to two 2,4-penta­nedionate anions lie in the equatorial plane and the two N atoms occupy the axial coordination sites

Bis(pentane-2,4-dionato-κ2 O,O′)bis­[4,4,5,5-tetra­methyl-2-(4-pyridyl)­imidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide-κN 2]manganese(II)

The title compound, [Mn(C5H7O2)2(C12H16N3O2)2], is isostructural with its NiII-containing analogue [Hao, Mu & Kong (2008 ▶). Acta Cryst. E64, m957]. The asymmetric unit comprises one-half of the mol­ecule and the MnII ion is located on an inversion centre. The coordination geometry around the MnII ion is slightly distorted octa­hedral, comprised of four O and two N atoms, in which the four O atoms in the equatorial plane come from two pentane-2,4-dionate ligands and the two N atoms in the axial coordination sites from 4,4,5,5-tetra­methyl-2-(4-pyrid­yl)imidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide

Triaqua­(2,2′-bipyridine)(5-nitro­isophthal­ato-κO)nickel(II) monohydrate

In the title compound, [Ni(C8H3NO6)(C10H8N2)(H2O)3]·H2O, the NiII cation is six-coordinated by a chelating 2,2′-bipyridine ligand, one carboxyl­ate O atom from a 5-nitro­isophthalate dianion and three water mol­ecules, with a slightly distorted cis-NiN2O4 octa­hedral geometry. The neutral complex is isolated, in contrast to coordination polymers formed by MnII, CoII and CuII with the same ligand set, but forms an extensive network of O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds between the coordinated and uncoordinated water mol­ecules and carboxyl­ate groups of the 5-nitro­isophthalate ions

Slippery for scaling resistance in membrane distillation: a novel porous micropillared superhydrophobic surface

Scaling in membrane distillation (MD) is a key issue in desalination of concentrated saline water, where the interface property between the membrane and the feed become critical. In this paper, a slippery mechanism was explored as an innovative concept to understand the scaling behavior in membrane distillation for a soluble salt, NaCl. The investigation was based on a novel design of a superhydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane with micro-pillar arrays (MP-PVDF) using a micromolding phase separation (μPS) method. The membrane showed a contact angle of 166.0 ± 2.3° and the sliding angle of 15.8 ± 3.3°. After CF4 plasma treatment, the resultant membrane (CF4-MP-PVDF) showed a reduced sliding angle of 3.0o. In direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD), the CF4-MP-PVDF membrane illustrated excellent anti-scaling in concentrating saturated NaCl feed. Characterization of the used membranes showed that aggregation of NaCl crystals occurred on the control PVDF and MP-PVDF membranes, but not on the CF4-MP-PVDF membrane. To understand this phenomenon, a “slippery” theory was introduced and correlated the sliding angle to the slippery surface of CF4-MP-PVDF and its anti-scaling property. This work proposed a well-defined physical and theoretical platform for investigating scaling problems in membrane distillation and beyond

Studies on interactions between plant secondary metabolites and glutathione transferase using fluorescence quenching method

101-105The interactions between plant secondary metabolites (tannic acid, rutin, cinnamic acid and catechin) and glutathione transferase (GST) were investigated by fluorescence and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. Intrinsic fluorescence of GST was measured by selectively exciting their tryptophan (Trp) residues and quenching constants were determined using the Stern-Volmer equation. The binding affinity was found to be strongest for tannic acid and ranked in the order tannic acid>rutin>cinnamic acid>catechin. The pH values in the range of 6.7-7.9, except for tannic acid, did not affect significantly the affinity of rutin, cinnamic acid and catechin with GST. Results showed that the fluorescence quenching of GST was a static quenching. Fluorescence quenching and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy suggested that only the tannic acid changed the microenvironment of the Trp residues. Furthermore, the number of binding sites and binding constants at different pH values showed that tannic acid had strongest affinity towards GST and hydrogen bonding played an important role in the affinity between GST and the metabolites