Scientometric Review and Thematic Areas for the Research Trends on Marine Hoses

For over three (3) decades, there has been an increase in research on energy sources from the production of oil using flexible marine risers, such as marine hoses. Marine hoses are conduits for special use as rubberized structures with hybrid polymer composites for offshore platforms in the oil and gas industry. This scientometric study uses qualitative, quantitative, and computational approaches. Data were retrieved using a research methodology that was created for this study using the SCOPUS and Web of Science (WoS) databases. This study provides a bibliometric literature review on marine hoses with an emphasis on the advancements made in the field from recent developments, geographical activity by countries, authorship histories, partnerships, funding sources, affiliations, co-occurrences, and potential research areas. The study found that the USA had the most publications, but there were fewer co-occurrences with connections outside the cluster. Due to the difficulty of adaptation, acceptability, qualification, and deployment of marine hoses in the offshore marine industry, this topic contains more conference papers than journal papers. Therefore, more funding sources and collaborations on marine hoses are required to advance the research. This study makes a contribution to scholarship on advances made in petroleum exploration and production for (un)loading hoses

Mathematical Physics Modelling and Prediction of Oil Spill Trajectory for a Catenary Anchor Leg Mooring (CALM) System

The catenary anchor leg mooring (CALM) system usually moored a heavy oil tanker; due to its complex working mechanism and special working environment, oil spill accidents are easy to happen. Once the oil spill accident happens, it not only causes huge economic loss, but also kills the marine ecological environment. Oil spill trajectory model considers almost all weathering processes including evaporation, emulsification, dispersion, dissolution, photooxidation, sedimentation, and biodegradation. Model simulations indicated that both tidal currents and wind drag force have significant effect in oil spill movement. The dominant wind in the area is South-westerly wind during the summer monsoon and North-easterly wind during the winter monsoon, but South-westerly wind is far stronger and last longer than the North-easterly wind. As a result, oil spill trajectory is most likely towards offshore to North-east during the summer period (April to September). During the winter period (November–January), oil spill would move towards shore under North-westerly winds. Once oil reaches shore, it would stay at shore permanently and eventually sink to seabed or beach in the simulation. Although the model does not consider longshore drift by waves, oil movement along shore by waves would be a slow process. Therefore, the impact of oil spill during the winter monsoon would be limited to local area around Ras Markaz

Design of embedded chain inverse catenary of deepwater FPSO mooring suction pile

FPSO is the main development model of deepwater oil field in South China Sea, and it has high requirements for the reliability of single-point mooring system. Therefore, the design investigation of inverse catenary of deepwater FPSO mooring suction pile was conducted. Meanwhile, a complete mathematical model for inverse catenary of suction pile was established based on the characteristics and mechanics of seabed soil, and a calculation method for the slack of inverse catenary was proposed. Besides, taking a deepwater FPSO project in the South China Sea as the research object, analysis on mooring under the designed survival condition (1 000-yr-RP) and the designed extreme condition (100-yr-RP) was performed based on the mooring load conditions required by classification societies to obtain the seabed mooring load. As shown by the evaluation results on design of embedded chain inverse catenary and its slack, the tension range of the embedded chain inverse catenary for suction pile of this FPSO mooring is 10 254 kN to14 075 kN, the load angle range is 16.2° to 30.1°, and the horizontal projection distance of the embedded chain is 47.33 m to 80.30 m. Further, the results based on different rules are close to each other for mutual verification. The final results of analysis and design could provide experience for similar FPSO projects

Eco-hydrological responses of the Black Dragon fire in three forested basins in the Daxing’an Mountains, northeast China

Understanding how bushfire affects basin-wide ecohydrological processes is critical for ecological restoration and water supply. However, the mechanisms responsible for post-fire streamflow remain poorly explored in forested basins of China due to complex scale-dependent relationships between fire-induced forest changes and ecohydrological processes, lack of reasonable design of paired watershed experiments, and especially data scarcity. Here, we re-examine ecohydrological responses of the Black Dragon fire (one of the largest and most damaging forest fires on record globally) on an annual scale in three forest basins (two fire-impacted basins, namely Emuer and Pangu, and a nearly unimpacted basin, Huma) in the Daxing’an Mountains using multiple most recent datasets and methods. We found that the Black Dragon fire decreased annual- and basin-averaged vegetation leaf area, evapotranspiration, interception loss, transpiration, soil moisture, runoff, and discharge capacity in 1987 in the two fire-impacted basins compared with the unimpacted basin. The annual- and basin-averaged evapotranspiration (runoff) did not reduce (increase) as much as that expected with decreased LAI given the precipitation amount in 1987 in the two fire-impacted basins, which properly linked to the quick postfire regrowth of vegetation in the growing season. Vegetation leaf area and productivity can quickly recover in the following two to three years postfire, but the hydrological systems need more than 10 years to adapt this disturbance. These findings improve the understanding of ecohydrological responses to bushfire disturbance and provide scientific evidence for ecological protection and water resources management under intensified natural and anthropogenic disturbances