1,606 research outputs found
Learning to screen Glaucoma like the ophthalmologists
GAMMA Challenge is organized to encourage the AI models to screen the
glaucoma from a combination of 2D fundus image and 3D optical coherence
tomography volume, like the ophthalmologists
Learning Personalized Risk Preferences for Recommendation
The rapid growth of e-commerce has made people accustomed to shopping online.
Before making purchases on e-commerce websites, most consumers tend to rely on
rating scores and review information to make purchase decisions. With this
information, they can infer the quality of products to reduce the risk of
purchase. Specifically, items with high rating scores and good reviews tend to
be less risky, while items with low rating scores and bad reviews might be
risky to purchase. On the other hand, the purchase behaviors will also be
influenced by consumers' tolerance of risks, known as the risk attitudes.
Economists have studied risk attitudes for decades. These studies reveal that
people are not always rational enough when making decisions, and their risk
attitudes may vary in different circumstances.
Most existing works over recommendation systems do not consider users' risk
attitudes in modeling, which may lead to inappropriate recommendations to
users. For example, suggesting a risky item to a risk-averse person or a
conservative item to a risk-seeking person may result in the reduction of user
experience. In this paper, we propose a novel risk-aware recommendation
framework that integrates machine learning and behavioral economics to uncover
the risk mechanism behind users' purchasing behaviors. Concretely, we first
develop statistical methods to estimate the risk distribution of each item and
then draw the Nobel-award winning Prospect Theory into our model to learn how
users choose from probabilistic alternatives that involve risks, where the
probabilities of the outcomes are uncertain. Experiments on several e-commerce
datasets demonstrate that our approach can achieve better performance than many
classical recommendation approaches, and further analyses also verify the
advantages of risk-aware recommendation beyond accuracy
Subcarinal ventilation-assisted Y-shaped stent insertion under local anesthesia for patients with complex tracheobronchial stenosis: initial clinical experience
PURPOSEWe aimed to report our preliminary results of subcarinal ventilation-assisted Y-shaped stent insertion under local anesthesia for patients with complex lower tracheal-carinal-main bronchial complex stenosis.MATERIALS AND METHODSSeven consecutive patients with lower tracheal-carinal-main bronchial complex stenosis underwent Y-shaped stent insertion under local anesthesia. During the procedure, subcarinal ventilation was performed using a 4 F angiographic catheter, and stent insertion was performed under the protection of ventilation. Data on technical success, clinical outcome, and follow-up were collected and analyzed.RESULTSSubcarinal ventilation-assisted Y-shaped stent insertion under local anesthesia was technically successful in all patients without any major procedure-related complications. Seven stents were inserted in seven patients. Respiratory function improved in all patients, with the Hugh-Jones classification of respiratory status improving from grade IV–V before stenting to grade I–II after stenting. During the follow-up, one patient experienced re-stenosis of the stent. Average survival time was 185.7 days (range, 96–285 days) after the stenting procedure.CONCLUSIONSubcarinal ventilation-assisted Y-shaped stent insertion under local anesthesia can be an effective, simple, and safe method for lower tracheal-carinal-main bronchial complex stenosis
Evolutionary and regulatory pattern analysis of soybean Ca2+ ATPases for abiotic stress tolerance
P2-type Ca2+ ATPases are responsible for cellular Ca2+ transport, which plays an important role in plant development and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the role of P2-type Ca2+ ATPases in stress response and stomatal regulation is still elusive in soybean. In this study, a total of 12 P2-type Ca2+ ATPases genes (GmACAs and GmECAs) were identified from the genome of Glycine max. We analyzed the evolutionary relationship, conserved motif, functional domain, gene structure and location, and promoter elements of the family. Chlorophyll fluorescence imaging analysis showed that vegetable soybean leaves are damaged to different extents under salt, drought, cold, and shade stresses. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis demonstrated that most of the GmACAs and GmECAs are up-regulated after drought, cold, and NaCl treatment, but are down-regulated after shading stress. Microscopic observation showed that different stresses caused significant stomatal closure. Spatial location and temporal expression analysis suggested that GmACA8, GmACA9, GmACA10, GmACA12, GmACA13, and GmACA11 might promote stomatal closure under drought, cold, and salt stress. GmECA1 might regulate stomatal closure in shading stress. GmACA1 and GmECA3 might have a negative function on cold stress. The results laid an important foundation for further study on the function of P2-type Ca2+ ATPase genes GmACAs and GmECAs for breeding abiotic stress-tolerant vegetable soybean
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