Characterizing biological systems: quantitative methods for synthetic genetic circuits in plants and intracellular mechanics

2018 Summer.Includes bibliographical references.To view the abstract, please see the full text of the document

Effects of Shell on Bore center Annular Shaped Charges Formation and Penetrating into Steel Targets

Annular shaped charge can efficiently create large penetration diameter, which can solve the problem of small penetration diameter of a traditional shaped charge, and thus meeting the requirements of large penetration diameter in some specific situations. In this paper, the influence of five kinds shell structures, i.e. no shell, aluminum shell with thickness of 2.0 mm and steel shell with thickness of 2.0 mm, 3.0 mm and 4.0 mm, on bore-center annular shaped charges (BCASCs) formation and penetrating steel targets was investigated by numerical simulations and experiments. The numerical simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results. The results showed that, from no shell to aluminum shell of 2.0 mm and then to steel shell of 2.0 mm, 3.0 mm and 4.0 mm for BCASCs, the diameter and radial velocity of projectile head decrease, the axial velocity of BCASC projectiles increases gradually, the penetration diameter of the targets decreases, and the penetration depth increases. The penetration diameter caused by the BCASC with no shell is the largest, being 116.0 mm (1.16D), D is the charge diameter. The penetration depth caused by the BCASC with steel shell of 4.0 mm thickness is the deepest, being 76.4 mm (0.76D)

Unlocking the flexibility of combined heat and power for frequency response by coordinative control with batteries

Owners of combined heat and power (CHP), e.g., industrial manufacturers, are motivated to provide frequency response to power grids due to clear financial benefits. Yet, the slow response speed of CHP limits its capability in providing such services. Moreover, frequent adjustments would cause a faster lifetime reduction of CHP and rapid pressure fluctuation in the gas network. To further unlock the flexibility of CHP, this paper integrates a battery unit with CHP via a power electronic interface. A filter-based coordinative controller is designed for smoothing short-term fluctuations in CHP outputs. Based on the filter parameters and frequency response requirements, the minimum required capacity of the battery is identified. The results show that the proposed system enhances the capability of CHP for frequency response and mitigates the associated adverse effects on the gas network. The required capacity of the battery is economically feasible considering the benefit it brings to the CHP

Utilization of LNG Cryogenic Energy in a Proposed Method for Inlet Air Cooling to Improve the Performance of a Combined Cycle

AbstractIn this study a cold production process was proposed for inlet air cooling in which cryogenic energy from liquefied natural gas (LNG) was sufficiently converted to cold energy. The effect of using the cold production process for inlet air cooling on the off-design performance of a gas turbine combined cycle was analyzed under different ambient conditions. The cold output of the proposed process was increased by about 38.1% to 42.5% compared to that of the conventional cold production process that involves direct LNG evaporation. Furthermore for the inlet air cooling, the proposed method increased the relative power increment from 2.2% to 14.4% and the relative efficiency increment from 0.7% to 2.2%, mainly depending on the variations in the relative humidity, compared to cold production without air cooling. The relative power and relative efficiency of the proposed air cooling were increased by 0.6% to 3.1% and 0.3% to 0.5%, respectively, above those of the traditional air cooling