CSAL: Self-adaptive Labeling based Clustering Integrating Supervised Learning on Unlabeled Data.

Supervised classification approaches can predict labels for unknown data because of the supervised training process. The success of classification is heavily dependent on the labeled training data. Differently, clustering is effective in revealing the aggregation property of unlabeled data, but the performance of most clustering methods is limited by the absence of labeled data. In real applications, however, it is time-consuming and sometimes impossible to obtain labeled data. The combination of clustering and classification is a promising and active approach which can largely improve the performance. In this paper, we propose an innovative and effective clustering framework based on self-adaptive labeling (CSAL) which integrates clustering and classification on unlabeled data. Clustering is first employed to partition data and a certain proportion of clustered data are selected by our proposed labeling approach for training classifiers. In order to refine the trained classifiers, an iterative process of Expectation-Maximization algorithm is devised into the proposed clustering framework CSAL. Experiments are conducted on publicly data sets to test different combinations of clustering algorithms and classification models as well as various training data labeling methods. The experimental results show that our approach along with the self-adaptive method outperforms other methods

Research on Policies to Support Telecommuting in China

Telecommuting (or Telework) is now relaxing more and more workers from traditional 9-to-5 routines in many countries. In this paper, we do some research on China’s actuality, and try to give out some reasonable suggestions to support Telecommuting, on the basis of learning from the developed countries

中国語を母語とする日本語学習者の日本語文章の理解・記憶における説明予期の効果 : 読解前教示を操作した実験的検討

内容の要約広島大学(Hiroshima University)博士(教育学)Doctor of Philosophy in Educationdoctora

Effects of Explanation Expectancy-to-Others for Reading Comprehension from a Japanese Text: A Study on Instruction of Pre-reading for Advanced Chinese Learners of Japanese

Explanation expectancy is the expectation that a person will explain the contents of a text to another person after reading it him/herself. This study aimed to investigate whether explanation expectancy improves a deeper level of text comprehension by Chinese native speakers who are advanced learners of Japanese. I also investigated whether the individual receiving the explanation-a junior high school or college student-plays a role in reading comprehension. The 46 Chinese participants were divided into three groups: 17 participants for explanation expectancy to a junior high school student group. 14 participants for explanation expectancy to a college student group and 15 participants for test expectancy group. All the participants read a Japanese text. They answered three types of comprehension questions about the text. and they gave their ratings (on a five-point scale) to all sentences of the text with respect to how important they believed it to be to the expected explanation. From the results, it was evident that neither explanation expectancy nor the type of target individual had a significant impact on the participants' reading comprehension. However. the group that were expecting to provide an explanation to a junior high school student rated the summary part of the text as being of higher importance than the test expectancy group. This suggests that explanation expectancy may affect information structuring during the reading of L2 texts.本稿は，2014年度留学生教育学会第19回JAISE研究大会での口頭発表の内容を加箪・修正したものである

Effects of Teaching Expectancy on Text Reading in Second Language for Intermediate Chinese Learners of Japanese: A Study on Pre-reading Instruction

This study aimed to investigate whether one’s preparing to teach the content of a text to another person after reading (i.e., teaching expectancy) and actual teaching (i.e., explaining to others) improve one’s own comprehension and memory of the text for Intermediate Japanese learners who were Chinese native speakers. A comprehension test right after the text reading and a free-recall test one week later were given to participants who were randomly assigned to receive one of the three kinds of instructions: Teaching Expectancy Group, Explaining to Others Group, or summarize to him/herself (Control Group). Achieving the best scores in both tasks, Teaching Expectancy Group performed significantly better than Control Group on comprehending and memorizing the text, and also better than Explaining to Others Group on the memory test. Actual teaching also enhanced the memory of the text with better score on the free-call task for Explaining to Other Group than Control Group. These findings demonstrated that Chinese Japanese learners would benefit most from Teaching Expectancy on comprehension and memory of text. The potential influence of different reading strategies and patterns in accounting for the results was also discussed

Surface morphology and mechanical properties of conventional and selfadhesive resin cements after aqueous aging

The stable long-term performance of resin cement under oral environmental conditions is a crucial factor to obtain a satisfactory success of the allceramic dental restoration. Objective: This study aimed at evaluating and comparing the surface morphology and mechanical property of conventional and self-adhesive resin cement after aqueous aging. Materials and Methods: Disc-shaped specimens of 3 conventional (C1: Multilink N, C2: Duolink, C3: Nexus 3) and 3 self-adhesive (S1: Multilink Speed, S2: Biscem, S3: Maxcem) types of resin cements were subjected to irradiation. After 24 h, the Knoop microhardness of each resin cement was evaluated. The specimens were immersed separately in distilled water and maintained at 37°C. A total of 5 specimens of each resin cement were collected at the following time intervals of immersion: 1, 6, 12 and 18 months. The samples were used to evaluate the Knoop parameters of microhardness, sorption and solubility. The surface morphology of the specimens after 18 months of immersion was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The sorption and solubility data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA. The Knoop microhardness was tested by the ANOVA repeated measures (P<0.05). Results: The sorption and solubility parameters of C1 and S1 exhibited significant fluctuations during the aqueous aging. The hardness of the S1 and S2 specimens decreased significantly after an 18-month water immersion. The S1, S2 and S3 specimens indicated higher filler exposure and stripping and apparent pores and cracks compared to specimens C1, C2 and C3, respectively. Conclusion: The surface of selfadhesive resin cements is more susceptible to aqueous damage than that of the conventional resin cements

Ground state properties of a multi-component bosonic mixture: a Gutzwiller mean-field study

Using the single-site Gutzwiller method, we theoretically study the ground state and the interspecies entanglement properties of interexchange symmetric multi-component (two- and three-) bosonic mixtures in an optical lattice, and the results are generalized to an $n$-component ($n=2,3,4,\cdots$) system. We compute the mean-field phase diagram, the interspecies entanglement entropy, and the ground state spectral decomposition. Three phases namely the $n$-component Superfluid state (nSF), the $n$-component Mott insulator state (nMI), and the Super-counter-fluid state (SCF) are observed. Interestingly, we find that there are $n-1$ SCF lobes to separate every two neighboring nMI lobes in the phase diagram. More importantly, we derive the exact general expression of the interspecies entanglement entropy for the SCF phase. In addition, we also investigate the demixing effect of an n-component mixture and demonstrate that the mixing-demixing critical point is independent of n.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figure

The Importance of Motacilla Alba Behavior on Hitting Its Own Mirror Reflection

Self-awareness is considered as a capability of recognize oneself and increasingly received attention. However, self-awareness in the bird Motacilla Alba is unclear. To study the self-recognition in Motacilla Alba, the subject is observed by mirror while eating. The bird performed the look around, confirm again the surroundings, become alert, hit the mirror. These behaviors suggests that presently Motacilla Alba does not have the capacity of self-awareness by the test

Tetrahedral shape of 110^{110}Zr from covariant density functional theory in 3D lattice space

Covariant density functional theory is solved in 3D lattice space by implementing the preconditioned conjugate gradient method with a filtering function (PCG-F). It considerably improves the computational efficiency compared to the previous inverse Hamiltonian method (IHM). This new method is then applied to explore the tetrahedral shape of $^{110}$Zr in the full deformation space. The ground state of $^{110}$Zr is found to have a tetrahedral shape, but the deformations $\beta_{31}$ and $\beta_{33}$ greatly soften the potential energy surface. This effect is analysed with the microscopic evolution of the single-particle levels near the Fermi surface driven by the deformation