Four-year analysis of high-risk human papillomavirus infection among women in rural areas of Nyingchi City, Tibet

PurposeThis study aims to address the existing data gap regarding the status of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection and the distribution of HR-HPV subtypes among women in rural areas of Nyingchi City, Tibet. The research objectives include providing insights for HPV vaccine development.MethodsThe research collected data from two rounds of cancer screening conducted among rural women in Nyingchi City, Tibet, from 2019 to 2022. HR-HPV subtype gene detection was performed using the PCR fluorescence method on the collected samples. And then analyzed the HR-HPV infection rate among rural women in Nyingchi City, Tibet, as well as the infection rate of different HR-HPV subtypes and their distribution across different age groups. A comparison was made between the infection rates of women in rural areas outside the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and those in Nyingchi City.ResultsA total of 15,687 cases included. The overall HR-HPV infection rate among women in rural areas of Nyingchi City, Tibet, was 13.00% (2040/15,687), which was significantly higher than the rate among women in rural areas outside the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (7.82% (9,249/118,237); χ2 = 635.7, p < 0.001). The highest HPV infection rate was observed in the 35–39 age group, with a rate of 15.31% (499/3260), which was significantly higher than the rate of 7.22% (1827/25,322) among women in the same age group in rural areas outside the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (χ2 = 253.00, p < 0.001). The lowest HPV infection rate was found in the 50–54 age group, with a rate of 9.69% (246/2540), which was statistically different from the rate of 8.14% (1,604/19,698) among women in the same age group outside the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (χ2 = 17.68, p < 0.001). The top three HR-HPV subtypes among women in rural areas of Nyingchi City, Tibet, were HPV52 (20.15%, 411/2040), HPV16 (12.45%, 254/2040), and HPV58 (11.96%, 244/2040). These findings align with the top three HR-HPV subtypes among women in rural areas outside the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Furthermore, the top three HR-HPV subtypes among women aged 35–39, 40–44, and 45–49 in rural areas of Nyingchi City, Tibet, were HPV52, HPV16, and HPV58. In conclusion, the HR-HPV infection rate among women in rural areas of Nyingchi City, Tibet, is significantly higher compared to women in rural areas outside the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, with consistent patterns observed in the distribution of the top three HR-HPV subtypes between the two regions

Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Cervix in Pregnancy: A Case Report and Review

Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix is a rare subtype of cervical cancer. Here we report a case in which a 27-year-old female patient presented at 34-week gestation with abnormal vaginal bleeding, underwent normal labor, and gave birth to a healthy neonate. Her pregnancy was complicated with a cervical tumor which turned out to be small cell neuroendocrine cervical carcinoma. We reviewed and discussed the features, diagnosis, and prognosis of small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix

Method of post-drilling assessment for the prospect evaluation of petroleum exploration

Post-drilling evaluation is an important part of prospect evaluation in the oil and gas exploration processes. With the comparative analysis of pre-drilling prediction and post-drilling results, the experience is summarized, and the deficiencies in pre-drilling evaluation and prediction are corrected and improved, so that the pre-drilling evaluation and prediction results of exploration targets are more accurate, and the success rate for the coming oil and gas exploration can be improved. Based on introducing the main contents and methods of post-drilling evaluation, the problems and solutions that need to be focused on in post-drilling evaluation are summarized in this paper. By analyzing the geological risk factors and reserve parameters of both successful and failed drilling, the key elements of large deviation between pre-drilling prediction and post-drilling estimation are compared, and the causes for the deviation are discussed and improved, which can be helpful on improving the geological explorers' ability of prediction and enhancing the success ratio of exploration in the following work

COVID-19 and Eating Problems in Daily Life: The Mediating Roles of Stress, Negative Affect and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms

Background The COVID-19 pandemic poses a challenge to individuals\u27 mental health. People worldwide are experiencing increased stress, negative affect, and posttraumatic stress symptoms, which may lead to eating problems. The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of the perceived severity of COVID-19 on eating problems and the mediating effects of stress/negative affect/posttraumatic stress symptoms both at the personal level and interpersonal level. Methods: During the COVID-19 outbreak, a total of 108 college students were recruited to report their perceived severity of COVID-19, stress, negative affect, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and eating problems three times a day for seven consecutive days using Ecological Momentary Assessment. Results: State perceived severity of COVID-19 predicted fewer subsequent eating problems in daily life at the personal level. Both state negative affect and posttraumatic stress symptoms were positively associated with eating problems in daily life. At the interpersonal level, trait-like perceived severity of COVID-19, stress, negative affect, and posttraumatic stress symptoms were positively associated with overall eating problems. There were no mediating effects of stress/negative affect/posttraumatic stress symptoms on the relations between perceived severity of COVID-19 and eating problems at the personal/interpersonal level. Conclusions: The perceived severity of COVID-19, stress, negative affect, and posttraumatic stress symptoms might increase the risk of eating problems

Mechanistic analysis of endothelial lipase G promotion of the occurrence and development of cervical carcinoma by activating the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase signalling pathway

Lipase G, endothelial type (LIPG) is expressed abundantly in tissues with a high metabolic rate and vascularisation. Research on LIPG has focussed on metabolic syndromes. However, the role of LIPG in providing lipid precursors suggests that it might function in the metabolism of carcinoma cells. Analysis in The Cancer Genome Atlas indicated that patients with cervical carcinoma with high LIPG expression had a lower survival prognosis compared with patients with low LIPG expression. The mechanism underlying the effects of LIPG in cervical carcinoma is unclear. The present study aimed to determine the role of LIPG in cervical carcinoma and its mechanism. The results showed that the LIPG expression level was higher in cervical cancer. Downregulation of LIPG expression inhibited cell migration, invasion, proliferation, and the formation of cell colonies, but increased the rate of apoptosis. The Human papillomavirus E6 protein might reduce the expression of miR-148a-3p, relieve the inhibitory effect of miR-148a-3p on LIPG expression, and promote the progression of cervical cancer through the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase signalling pathway.IMPACT STATEMENT What is already known on this subject? LIPG provides lipid precursors, suggesting that it might function in the metabolism of carcinoma cells What do the results of this study add? LIPG might be regulated by HPV16 E6/miR-148a-3p and promote cervical carcinoma progression via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway. What are the implications of these finding for clinical practice and/or further research? The results indicated that novel treatment and diagnosis strategies for cervical carcinoma could be developed related to LIPG. However, the detailed relationship between LIPG and cervical carcinoma remains to be fully determined

Parameter Optimization and Effect Analysis of Low-Pressure Abrasive Water Jet (LPAWJ) for Paint Removal of Remanufacturing Cleaning

As an environmentally friendly method, water jet (WJ) technology plays a significant role in the field of remanufacturing cleaning. The cleaning capacity of a WJ is severely restricted by the water pressure, while the impact force will be too large and may damage the cleaned substrate as well as cause energy waste if the pressure is too high. However, by adding abrasives, the cleaning capacity of a low-pressure water jet (LPWJ) will be considerably improved. Although abrasive water jet (AWJ) technology has been used in mechanical machining for decades, very limited research work can be found in the literature for remanufacturing cleaning. In this paper, the role of abrasives in low-pressure abrasive water jet (LPAWJ) cleaning was described. Cleaning performance with different parameters (abrasive feed rate condition, water pressure and standoff distance) in paint removal was experimentally investigated by using the Taguchi design of experiment. The experimental results indicated that the water pressure was the most dominant factor and the optimal parameter combination was the second feed rate condition, 9 MPa water pressure and 300 mm standoff distance. The influence law between the cleaning performance and various factors was explored, which can provide remanufacturers with directions in selection of the optimal parameters in the LPAWJ cleaning process. By designing contrast experiments, the results showed that the cleaning capacity of an LPAWJ is better than that of a pure LPWJ and the residual effect in terms of changes in surface roughness, residual stress and morphology is a little larger

Process Parameters Optimization of Wet Shot Peening for Paint Cleaning

Wet shot peening (WSP) cleaning technology has the advantages of being green, having a high efficiency, and producing almost no pollution to the environment. Under the development trend of green environmental protection, WSP is more and more desired by the public. However, in the study of WSP cleaning paint, there is little research on process parameter optimization. Accordingly, this article uses an orthogonal experiment, taking the cleaning efficiency and the substrate removal mass as objectives, to optimize the parameters of pressure, stand-off distance, traverse rate, and cleaning times. The experimental results show that the cleaning efficiency is improved by increasing the pressure, stand-off distance, and traverse rate or decreasing the cleaning times within the scope of this experiment. The pressure and cleaning times are positively correlated with the substrate removal mass, whereas the traverse rate is negatively correlated. As the stand-off distance increases, the substrate removal mass initially increases and then decreases. The traverse rate has a significant influence on the cleaning efficiency and the substrate removal mass. The optimal process parameters based on the cleaning efficiency are 0.45 MPa pressure, 140 mm stand-off distance, 5 mm/s traverse rate, and one-time cleaning. Besides, the cleaning efficiency at such conditions is 64.23 %/min. Additionally, the substrate removal mass is optimized under 0.25 MPa pressure, 60 mm (or 140 mm) stand-off distance, 5 mm/s traverse rate, and one-time cleaning to give a substrate removal mass of approximately zero. The analysis of parameters provides a reference for selecting the parameters in the actual application of WSP cleaning

Process Parameters Optimization of Wet Shot Peening for Paint Cleaning

Wet shot peening (WSP) cleaning technology has the advantages of being green, having a high efficiency, and producing almost no pollution to the environment. Under the development trend of green environmental protection, WSP is more and more desired by the public. However, in the study of WSP cleaning paint, there is little research on process parameter optimization. Accordingly, this article uses an orthogonal experiment, taking the cleaning efficiency and the substrate removal mass as objectives, to optimize the parameters of pressure, stand-off distance, traverse rate, and cleaning times. The experimental results show that the cleaning efficiency is improved by increasing the pressure, stand-off distance, and traverse rate or decreasing the cleaning times within the scope of this experiment. The pressure and cleaning times are positively correlated with the substrate removal mass, whereas the traverse rate is negatively correlated. As the stand-off distance increases, the substrate removal mass initially increases and then decreases. The traverse rate has a significant influence on the cleaning efficiency and the substrate removal mass. The optimal process parameters based on the cleaning efficiency are 0.45 MPa pressure, 140 mm stand-off distance, 5 mm/s traverse rate, and one-time cleaning. Besides, the cleaning efficiency at such conditions is 64.23 %/min. Additionally, the substrate removal mass is optimized under 0.25 MPa pressure, 60 mm (or 140 mm) stand-off distance, 5 mm/s traverse rate, and one-time cleaning to give a substrate removal mass of approximately zero. The analysis of parameters provides a reference for selecting the parameters in the actual application of WSP cleaning

Regional methylome profiling reveals dynamic epigenetic heterogeneity and convergent hypomethylation of stem cell quiescence-associated genes in breast cancer following neoadjuvant chemotherapy

Abstract Background Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) induces a pathological complete response (pCR) in ~ 30% of patients with breast cancer. However, aberrant DNA methylation alterations are frequent events during breast cancer progression and acquisition of chemoresistance. We aimed to characterize the inter- and intra-tumor methylation heterogeneity (MH) in breast cancer following NAC. Methods DNA methylation profiles of spatially separated regions of breast tumors before and after NAC treatment were investigated using high-density methylation microarray. Methylation levels of genes of interest were further examined using multiplexed MethyLight droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). Results We have discovered different levels of intra-tumor MH in breast cancer patients. Moreover, NAC dramatically altered the methylation profiles and such changes were highly heterogeneous between the patients. Despite the high inter-patient heterogeneity, we identified that stem cell quiescence-associated genes ALDH1L1, HOPX, WNT5A and SOX9 were convergently hypomethylated across all the samples after NAC treatment. Furthermore, by using MethyLight ddPCR, we verified that the methylation levels of these 4 genes were significantly lower in breast tumor samples after NAC than those before NAC. Conclusions Our study has revealed that NAC dramatically alters epigenetic heterogeneity in breast cancer and induces convergent hypomethylation of stem cell quiescence-associated genes, ALDH1L1, HOPX, WNT5A and SOX9, which can potentially be developed as therapeutic targets or biomarkers for chemoresistance