Phylogenetic relationship based on the complete H gene sequences.

<p>Neighbour-joining tree was reconstructed with full-length H gene sequences from 56 genotype H1 wild-type measles isolates from mainland China, the WHO reference strains of each genotype and Chinese vaccine strains. The sequences of the circulating strains in 1993–1994 and in 2000–2009 are indicated by symbol “▴” and “•”, respectively, each color of symbol “•” represents the annually circulating strains. The genotype H2 reference strain below cluster 2 which is also marked by a triangle was identified in 1994, China. The branches for the different lineages are marked by various colors. The WHO standard name of MeVs and GenBank accession numbers of all the sequences are available in the figure. Numbers at nodes represent the percentage of 1,000 bootstrap replicates (values <70 are not shown). Bar, 0.005 nucleotide substitutions per site.</p

Primers used for amplification and sequencing of the entire H gene.

a<p>: s, sense orientation; as, antisense orientation.</p>b<p>: the primers' nucleotide locations and range on the basis of the Measles prototype strain: Edmonston complete genome (GenBank ID: AF266288).</p>c<p>: Length of the PCR product or use of the primer for sequencing (Seq).</p

Alignment of the predicted amino acid sequences of the partial H gene.

<p>The variation of amino acid Ser240Asn (highlighted in blue) leads to the absence of a glycosylation site; the exchange of Pro397Leu (highlighted in pink) that results in loss of recognition of two monoclonal antibodies directed against HNE; the amino acid residues of putative binding sites for CD46, SLAM and seven cysteine residues were highlighted in red, yellow and purple, respectively.</p

Reported measles cases and incidence in China, 1991–2009.

<p>The number above the column represents the number of representative measles strains selected for the complete H gene sequence analysis. Blue bars indicate the number of reported measles cases and yellow solid diamonds indicate the incidence (/100,000 population) of each year, the Arabic numerals above the x-axis indicates the number of deaths. X-axis denotes year, y-axis on left denotes reported number of cases and y-axis on right denotes the incidence per 100,000 population.</p