138 research outputs found
Impact of different task incentives in RR and HPR.
<p>Impact of different task incentives in RR and HPR.</p
Data collection by different participants for multiple sensing tasks.
<p>Data collection by different participants for multiple sensing tasks.</p
Impact of different task significance in HPR.
<p>Impact of different task significance in HPR.</p
Impact of sensing interface distribution on sensing data coverage.
<p>Impact of sensing interface distribution on sensing data coverage.</p
Configuration, Anion-Specific Effects, Diffusion, and Impact on Counterions for Adsorption of Salt Anions at the Interfaces of Clay Minerals
Interfacial interactions of clay
minerals with salt solutions are
ubiquitous and play a crucial role in a wide range of fields, where
salt cations are the focus while anions are generally regarded as
spectators. Here, molecular dynamics simulations show that the various
anions are strongly adsorbed on the surfaces of clay minerals, and
the resulting anion-specific effects are pronounced. Although constructing
only H-bonds, anions form stable inner- and outer-sphere complexes
with clay minerals, and F<sup>β</sup> and OH<sup>β</sup> can result in even more stable complexes than metal ions. The underlying
anion-specific effects abide by the sequence OH<sup>β</sup> > F<sup>β</sup> > Cl<sup>β</sup> > I<sup>β</sup> and show apparent enhancements with increase of salt
concentrations.
OH<sup>β</sup> is particular at relatively high concentrations,
forming clusters and capturing metal ions at octahedral AlO<sub>6</sub> surfaces and approaching tetrahedral SiO<sub>4</sub> surfaces with
help of metal ions in addition to the monodispersive inner- and outer-sphere
species at octahedral AlO<sub>6</sub> surfaces that are similar for
all anions. Diffusion coefficients of anions are the same order of
magnitude as those of metal ions and are affected by counterions,
concentrations, and distances to the surfaces of clay minerals. Diffusion
coefficients of both inner- and outer-sphere anions decrease as I<sup>β</sup> > Cl<sup>β</sup> > F<sup>β</sup> > OH<sup>β</sup>. Adsorption of anions is affected by
counterions (metal
ions) and vice versa. Impact of anions on the adsorption of counterions
also shows ion-specific effects that follow the sequence OH<sup>β</sup> > F<sup>β</sup> > Cl<sup>β</sup> > I<sup>β</sup>, and OH<sup>β</sup> can even alter the adsorption
structure
and distribution of counterions
sj-docx-1-jiv-10.1177_08862605231201819 β Supplemental material for Common Mechanisms Underlying the Effect of Angry Rumination on Reactive and Proactive Aggression: A Moderated Mediation Model
Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-jiv-10.1177_08862605231201819 for Common Mechanisms Underlying the Effect of Angry Rumination on Reactive and Proactive Aggression: A Moderated Mediation Model by Yueyi Hou, Xiong Li and Ling-Xiang Xia in Journal of Interpersonal Violence</p
Computation cost comparison of the proposed user authentication scheme with others.
<p><i>A</i><sub>1</sub>: Computation cost in registration phase, <i>A</i><sub>2</sub>: Computation cost in login phase and authentication phase, <i>A</i><sub>3</sub>: Computation cost in password change phase, <i>A</i><sub>4</sub>: Computation cost in smartcard revocation phase, <i>A</i><sub>5</sub>: Number of message communications, <b>NA</b>: Not applicable (this pase is not proposed by the author (s)).</p><p>Computation cost comparison of the proposed user authentication scheme with others.</p
Login and Authentication phases of Wenβs scheme [3].
<p>Login and Authentication phases of Wenβs scheme [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0131368#pone.0131368.ref003" target="_blank">3</a>].</p
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