A Literature Review of Recent Research on Transcendentalism in China and Abroad

Ralph Waldo Emerson set up a series of ideas which are called “Transcendentalism” by later generations. Transcendentalism is an important intellectual and cultural movement with a religious color in New England in the 1830s. Since the end of the nineteenth centuries, researches on transcendentalism both in America and in other countries have probed into different aspects of transcendentalism deeply. Based on the influence of transcendentalism, comments on transcendentalism, the reflection of transcendentalism in literary works and relationships between transcendentalism and other thoughts, this thesis reviews transcendentalism studies both in China and abroad

Automatic Deduction Path Learning via Reinforcement Learning with Environmental Correction

Automatic bill payment is an important part of business operations in fintech companies. The practice of deduction was mainly based on the total amount or heuristic search by dividing the bill into smaller parts to deduct as much as possible. This article proposes an end-to-end approach of automatically learning the optimal deduction paths (deduction amount in order), which reduces the cost of manual path design and maximizes the amount of successful deduction. Specifically, in view of the large search space of the paths and the extreme sparsity of historical successful deduction records, we propose a deep hierarchical reinforcement learning approach which abstracts the action into a two-level hierarchical space: an upper agent that determines the number of steps of deductions each day and a lower agent that decides the amount of deduction at each step. In such a way, the action space is structured via prior knowledge and the exploration space is reduced. Moreover, the inherited information incompleteness of the business makes the environment just partially observable. To be precise, the deducted amounts indicate merely the lower bounds of the available account balance. To this end, we formulate the problem as a partially observable Markov decision problem (POMDP) and employ an environment correction algorithm based on the characteristics of the business. In the world's largest electronic payment business, we have verified the effectiveness of this scheme offline and deployed it online to serve millions of users

Development and validation of A CT-based radiomics nomogram for prediction of synchronous distant metastasis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma

BackgroundEarly identification of synchronous distant metastasis (SDM) in patients with clear cell Renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) can certify the reasonable diagnostic examinations.MethodsThis retrospective study recruited 463 ccRCC patients who were divided into two cohorts (training and internal validation) at a 7:3 ratio. Besides, 115 patients from other hospital were assigned external validation cohort. A radiomics signature was developed based on features by means of the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method. Demographics, laboratory variables and CT findings were combined to develop clinical factors model. Integrating radiomics signature and clinical factors model, a radiomics nomogram was developed.ResultsTen features were used to build radiomics signature, which yielded an area under the curve (AUC) 0.882 in the external validation cohort. By incorporating the clinical independent predictors, the clinical model was developed with AUC of 0.920 in the external validation cohort. Radiomics nomogram (external validation, 0.925) had better performance than clinical factors model or radiomics signature. Decision curve analysis demonstrated the superiority of the radiomics nomogram in terms of clinical usefulness.ConclusionsThe CT-based nomogram could help in predicting SDM status in patients with ccRCC, which might provide assistance for clinicians in making diagnostic examinations

Comparative study on effect of microstructure characteristics on adsorption of CH4 and CO2 in anthracite based on molecular simulation

In order to explore the effects of pore size, aromatic lamellar stacking degree, aromatic lamellar ductility, gas temperature and gas pressure on the competitive adsorption of CH4 and CO2, the No.3 coal from Jincheng mining area was taken as the research object. The adsorption process of binary mixed gas of CH4 and CO2 in coal under different temperatures, pressures, pore diameters, aromatic lamellar stacking degrees and aromatic lamellar ductility was studied. The microstructure of coal was tested and analyzed based on industrial analysis and X-ray diffraction experiments. Molecular simulation of the process of gas mixture adsorption in coal using the Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) method. The results shown that, the increase of gas pressure was favorable for adsorption, and the adsorption capacity of CO2 was close to saturation at a pressure of 5 MPa. The increase of temperature led to a decrease in the maximum adsorption capacity and adsorption heat of CO2 in coal. The increase of pore size led to the increase of CH4 adsorption capacity in coal, with the fastest increase in CH4 adsorption occurred when pore size increased from 1 nm to 2 nm. With the increase of aromatic lamellar stacking degree, the number of gas molecules adsorbed in coal did not change significantly, but CO2 adsorption capacity of per unit mass in coal decreased rapidly, and the CH4 adsorption capacity decreased slightly. With the increase of aromatic lamellar ductility, the number of CH4 molecules adsorbed in coal increased slowly and the number of CO2 molecules adsorbed increased rapidly, and the change of the two gases adsorption capacity in coal per unit mass was not significant. From the perspective of adsorption capacity and adsorption heat, CO2 is in a dominant position in the competitive adsorption process, so injecting CO2 into coal seam can effectively displace CH4. The results of this paper strengthened the molecular understanding of the adsorption of binary mixed gas of CH4 and CO2, which can lay a theoretical foundation for the enhancement of coalbed methane extraction by CO2 injection

NV Energy Solar Integration Study: Cycling and Movements of Conventional Generators for Balancing Services

With an increasing penetration level of solar power in the southern Nevada system, the impact of solar on system operations needs to be carefully studied from various perspectives. Qualitatively, it is expected that the balancing requirements to compensate for solar power variability will be larger in magnitude; meanwhile, generators providing load following and regulation services will be moved up or down more frequently. One of the most important tasks is to quantitatively evaluate the cycling and movements of conventional generators with solar power at different penetration levels. This study is focused on developing effective methodologies for this goal and providing a basis for evaluating the wear and tear of the conventional generator

Case report: A rare case of left ventricular noncompaction in two Chinese siblings with becker muscular dystrophy caused by deletion of exons 10 to 12 in the DMD gene

BackgroundBecker muscular dystrophy (BMD) is an inherited X-linked recessive condition resulting from mutations of the DMD gene encoding dystrophin. Left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) is a rare cardiomyopathy morphologically characterized by abnormal myocardial trabeculae and deep recesses in the left ventricle. LVNC in BMD patients has only rarely been reported.Case reportIn the present study, we identified a deletion mutation in exons 10 to 12 (EX10_12 del) of the DMD gene (reference sequence NM_004006.2) in two Chinese siblings with BMD and LVNC by high throughput targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The proband was a 22-year-old man admitted with dyspnea, abdominal distention, and polyserositis. It is noteworthy that both the proband and his younger brother manifested progressive muscular atrophy and creatine kinase (CK) elevation. Light and electron microscopy examination of muscle biopsies showed the typical features of dystrophinopathies. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and echocardiography demonstrated that both brothers had an enlarged left ventricle, LVNC, and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Finally, the proband underwent heart transplantation at age 26 with an event-free follow-up over 4 years post-transplantation.ConclusionThis case further enriches our knowledge of the symptoms, genotype, cardiac performance, management, and prognosis of BMD patients complicated by LVNC. It is recommended that early comprehensive cardiac evaluation should be considered for patients with BMD to exclude LVNC, as this may have a significant impact on their prognosis

The effect of the faults to the tectono-stratigraphy evolution in the Panyu low uplift

Introduction: The Panyu low uplift is located in the middle of the Central Uplift Belt of the Pearl River Mouth Basin, which has experienced multiple episodes of tectonic movements since the Cenozoic, and the faults are extensively developed there. The fault activities had a significant influence on the migration and accumulation of oil and gas, as well as the sedimentation.Methods: In order to recognize the effect of the faults on the tectono-straigraphy evolution in the Panyu low uplift, based on the high-resolution seismic and latest drilling well data, the study has comprehensively analyzed the geometry and kinematics of these faults, as well as the sedimentary filling evolution of the residual depressions.Results: The results show that two major fault systems has developed in the Panyu low uplift: the deep and shallow fault systems. The former was dominated by a series of NEE and NW-trending high-angle listric/plane faults, along with several low-angle detachment normal faults, which were under the joint control of the NW-SE and NS-trending extensional stress during the Eocene. The latter was dominated by NW-NWW trending strike-slip normal faults with tension-shear properties under the NEE trending dextral strike-slip stress field in the late Miocene. The uplift had undergone five tectonic evolution stages: the initial rifting stage (Tg-T83), the intensive rifting stage (T83-T80), the rifting and depression transitional stage (T80-T70), the thermal subsidence depression stage (T70-T35), and the tectonic reactivation stage (T35-T10).Discussion: Based on the 3D seismic phase interpretation and drilling sample analyses, the study also indicates that during the initial rifting stage, the Panyu low uplift manifested as multistage depositional center. The sedimentary strata were distributed in the downthrown wall of the depression-controlling faults, exhibiting multiple subsidence and sedimentary centers, and the depressions was supplied by multi-provenance systems. During the intense rifting period, the depression widened, the lacustrine basins were connected with each other, and the sedimentary center migrated. During the rifting and depression transitional stage, the faults controlling on deposition weakened. The thick Enping formation from the northwest provenance direction is unconformably overlaid on the Panyu low uplift. Meanwhile, the depressions was characterized by the sedimentary deposits of lacustrine basin. Various types of sedimentary facies were developed, including the delta, semi-deep lacustrine, shallow lacustrine, and shore-shallow lacustrine deposits, and the mudstone of the semi-deep lacustrine facies could serve as a high-quality source rock for the hydrocarbon production