How empowering leadership influences medical workers' work–family conflict in the post-pandemic era: A moderated mediation model of leadership “black box”

After experiencing the COVID-19 pandemic, the status and mechanisms of leadership, and the challenges for medical workers in terms of family–work conflicts, have caused widespread concern. In the post-pandemic era, based on role theory and the stressor-detachment model, this paper seeks to break the “black box” of negative effects that can be caused by leadership, research the mechanism and boundary conditions of those negative effects, and explore factors to reduce those negative effects. We recruited 1,010 Chinese medical workers fighting COVID-19 on the frontline. Our study results showed that there was a significant negative correlation between empowering leadership and work–family conflict, and this relationship was completely mediated by role stress, while psychological detachment moderated the relationship between role stress and work–family conflict. Moreover, psychological detachment moderated the mediating effect of empowering leadership on work–family conflict through role stress. Therefore, higher levels of psychological detachment were less conducive to medical workers' family–work conflict. This study has important theoretical significance and practical value for revealing the negative effects and mechanisms of empowering leadership and for medical workers to better deal with work–family relations

Tandem Hydrogenolysis-Hydrogenation of Lignin-Derived Oxygenates over Integrated Dual Catalysts with Optimized Interoperations.

The efficient hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of lignin-derived oxygenates is essential but challenging owing to the inherent complexity of feedstock and the lack of effective catalytic approaches. A catalytic strategy has been developed that separates C-O hydrogenolysis and aromatic hydrogenation on different active catalysts with interoperation that can achieve high oxygen removal in lignin-derived oxygenates. The flexible use of tungsten carbide for C-O bond cleavage and a nickel catalyst with controlled particle size for arene hydrogenation enables the tunable production of cyclohexane and cyclohexanol with almost full conversion of guaiacol. Such integration of dual catalysts in close proximity enables superior HDO of bio-oils into liquid alkanes with high mass and carbon yields of 27.9 and 45.0 wt %, respectively. This finding provides a new effective strategy for practical applications

Structural tuning and catalysis of tungsten carbides for the regioselective cleavage of C-O bonds

Tungsten carbides exhibit excellent performance in many heterogeneous processes because of their distinctive catalytic properties. Preparation of tungsten carbides with controllable phase composition relevant to their catalytic behavior is essential yet challenging. In this study, tungsten carbides embedded in carbon spheres (WxC@CS) were fabricated through carburization of organic–inorganic hybrid precursors. W1.25C@CS with rational structure-tuning properties exhibits promising regioselectivity (reaching 91.5%) toward aryl CO bond cleavage, specifically during hydrogenolysis of guaiacol to phenol. A structure reconstruction strategy was adopted to elucidate structure–performance relationship by transforming commercially available bulk WC from inert phase to composition-dependent active catalysts. Combined catalytic and characteristic analyses illustrate that the catalyst performance is dependent on the C-defect structure. The intimate connection between the phenol space time yield and the C/W atomic ratio on the exterior interface of the catalyst was verified. The C/W atomic ratio of 7.2 leads to the optimal catalytic performance. Density functional theory calculations were performed to define the catalytic mechanism at the atomic level. The theoretical analysis suggests an appropriate configuration of surface W and C atoms for activation of hydrogen and guaiacol molecules, rendering the intrinsic active sites for phenol production. This work provides insights into controlling the surface compositions of tungsten carbides to develop efficient CO bond cleavage catalysts, which verifies the importance of hydrogenolysis catalysis in lignin-derived compounds involving complex O-containing guaiacols and phenolics

PVP-stabilized heteropolyacids as reusable self-assembling catalysts for alcoholysis of cellulosic saccharides

National Basic Research Program of China [2011CBA00508]; Natural Science Foundation of China [20923004, 21173175]; Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education [20110121130002]; Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University [IRT1036]Polyvinylpyrrolidone-stabilized heteropolyacids (PVP-HPAs) are synthesized by self-assembling in alcohol. The structure of PVP-HPAs is determined by various characteristic techniques. HPAs can protonate PVP to form polymeric cations. In turn, the protonated PVP interacts strongly with the heteropolyanion by forming an ionic liquid (IL)-like structure. The self-assembling separation and recyclability characteristics are related to the PVP's IL-like structure. The catalyzing performance of PVP-HPAs varies with the species of HPA and the content of PVP. The optimized PVP-H4SiW12O40 center dot 5H(2)O (HSiW) (1/5 : 3/4) gives more than 60% conversion of cellulose and complete conversion of highly selective cellobiose into butylglucosides. The optimized PVP-HSiW is separated directly by centrifugation and retains the activity without any post-treatment during recycling. The deactivation of PVP-HPAs is related to the loss of the catalyst during recycling. The functional mechanism of the IL-like structure is explored in this control experiment

Association of NT-proBNP and Multiple Biomarkers with Severity of Angiographic Coronary Artery Disease in Diabetic and Pre-Diabetic Chinese Patients

Background: Little is known about the plasma levels of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and the relationship between the severity of coronary heart disease (CHD) with NT-proBNP and multiple biomarkers in diabetic and pre-diabetic patients, compared to individuals with normal glucose levels. Methods: Four hundred and fifteen consecutive Chinese patients of both sexes were assigned to three groups on the basis of the new hemoglobin (Hb) A1c (HbA1c) cut-off points for diagnosis of diabetes and pre-diabetes. The three groups were divided into tertiles according to NT-proBNP, hs-CRP, cystatin C, and troponin T levels. Gensini scores were compared among the three groups and biomarker tertiles. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to obtain the angiographic CHD cut-off points for each biomarker. Stepwise multivariate linear correlation analysis was applied to examine the association between the severity of CHD and biomarker levels. Results: Gensini scores increased with increasing biomarker tertile levels and HbA1c. Gensini scores were significantly different in the middle and upper NT-proBNP tertiles of the diabetic, pre-diabetic and control groups. NT-proBNP had the highest positive and negative predictive values and area under the curve for CHD. Only NT-proBNP was identified as an independent variable for Gensini score. Conclusions: Plasma NT-proBNP may be an important biomarker to evaluate the severity of CHD and screen for CHD i

Research on Freshwater Fish Information Service Mode for Modern Production and Circulation in the Internet + Era

International audienceIn the traditional information service for freshwater fish, there existed several crucial problems involving in the information classification and content organization, which was not clear and specific to serve market and consultancy etc., information refreshing not timely, and information sharing difficult to take, and so on. These problems seriously restricted the development of the freshwater fish and the other relative industries. The “Internet + Strategy”, which has been advocated and carried out in China since 2015, has promoted the formulation of new ideas for information service model to construct and enhance modern production and circulation of the freshwater fish. Based on the analysis of the core and characteristics of information service in the production and circulation for the modern freshwater fish, this study constructed a new information service model consisting of production, sale, transaction and circulation. In the development of the freshwater fish industry for the future, it is necessary and beneficial to accelerate the construction of the information service platform, integrate the information service as well as the improvement of information resources with the merchandise production and circulation, and strengthen the brand building of enterprises, especially the leading enterprises

Ultrafast Optical Heating Induced Polarization-Dependent Optical Switching in Gold Nanowires

Excitation using femtosecond laser pulses induced ultrafast heating of discontinuous gold nanowires, resulting in transient thermal expansion of the gold nanostructures that constitute the nanowires. The cross-plasmon resulting from the closely arranged gold nanostructures along the nanowires was modified by the change in the small gaps due to the thermal effect. This led to the spectral shift of the cross-plasmon resonance and laid the photophysical basis for the optical switching. A femtosecond pump-probe scheme was used to investigate the ultrafast optical switching dynamics. The most efficient optical switching effect was observed when the pump and probe laser pulses were polarized perpendicular and parallel to the discontinuous gold nanowires, respectively

DWCS : a dynamic web cache selection algorithm

The main aim of cache selection algorithms in current proxy servers is to get higher hit-ratio, they usually don't concern the validation and update of outdate pages. In this paper a new cache benefit model is defined, the relevant factors including validation cost and update cost are considered to obtain the optimal cache set. According to the cache model, an algorithm - DWCS (Dynamic Web Cache Selection) is presented, and it is proved to be optimal under the reasonable hypothesis. The experimental results show the efficiency of DWCS algorithm