26 research outputs found
Additional file 1 of Adiponectin protects against myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical animal studies
Additional file 1: Supplementary File 1. PRISMA 2020 Checklist. Supplementary Figure 1. Funnel plot and sensitivity analysis of myocardial infarction size. Supplementary Figure 2. Funnel plot and sensitivity analysis. (A and C) LVEDP, (B and D) +dp/dtmax. Supplementary Figure 3. Funnel plot and sensitivity analysis. (A and C) -dp/dtmax, (B and D) LVEF. Supplementary Figure 4. Funnel plot and sensitivity analysis. (A and C) Caspase-3, (B and D) TUNEL-positive cells. Supplementary Figure 5. Funnel plot and sensitivity analysis. (A and C) Superoxide content, (B and D) LDH
Fine-Scale Characterization of Plant Diterpene Glycosides Using Energy-Resolved Untargeted LC-MS/MS Metabolomics Analysis
Plant diterpene glycosides
are essential for diverse
physiological
processes. Comprehensive structural characterization proved to be
a challenge due to variations in glycosylation patterns, diverse aglycone
structures, and the absence of comprehensive reference databases.
In this study, a method for fine-scale characterization was proposed
based on energy-resolved (ER) untargeted LC-MS/MS metabolomics analysis
using steviol glycosides as a demonstration. Energy-dependent fragmentation
patterns were unveiled by a series of model compounds. Distinct glycosylation
sites were discerned by leveraging varying fragmentation energies
for the precursor ions. The sugar moiety linkage at C19OOH (R1) exhibited
facile and intact cleavage at low collision energies, while the sugar
moiety at C13–OH (R2) demonstrated consecutive cleavage with
increasing energy. Aglycone ions exhibited a higher relative intensity
at NCE 50, with relative intensities ranging from 95% to 100%. Subsequently,
aglycone candidates, R1 sugar composition, and R2 sugar sequence were
deduced through ER-MS/MS analysis. The developed method was applied
to Stevia rebaudiana leaves. A total of 91 diterpene
glycosides were unambiguously identified, including 16 steviol glycosides
with novel acetylglycosylation patterns. This method offers a rapid
alternative for glycan analysis and the structural differentiation
of isomers. The developed method enhances the understanding of diterpene
glycosides in plants, providing a reliable tool for the in-depth characterization
of complex metabolite profiles
Strategy for Comprehensive Identification of Acylcarnitines Based on Liquid Chromatography–High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry
Carnitines play important
roles in fatty acid oxidation and branched
chain amino acid metabolism. The disturbance of acylcarnitines is
associated with occurrence and development of many diseases. Comprehensive
acylcarnitine identification can greatly benefit their targeted detection,
following disease differential diagnosis and possible mechanism study.
In this study, we developed a novel strategy to identify as many acylcarnitines
as possible based on liquid chromatography–high-resolution
mass spectrometry (LC–HRMS). The layer–layer progressive
strategy first integrated the initial full scan MS/data-dependent
MS/MS monitoring (ddMS<sup>2</sup>) acquisition and the following
parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) to analyze a pooled biological
sample. Also 733 possible acylcarnitines were identified containing
characteristic high-resolution MS/MS features. Further, accurate mass,
retention rules, and HRMS/MS information were used to define subclasses
and predict undetected acylcarnitine homologues in each subclass,
leading to more acylcarnitines to our newly constructed database.
As a result, 758 acylcarnitines were contained in the database, having
exact mass, retention time, and MS/MS information, which is the most
comprehensive list of acylcarnitines reported to date. Applying this
database, 241, 515, and 222 acylcarnitines were rapidly and reliably
annotated in human plasma, human urine, and rat liver tissue. This
novel strategy enables large-scale identification of acylcarnitines,
and a similar method can also be used for identification of other
metabolites
Fine-Scale Characterization of Plant Diterpene Glycosides Using Energy-Resolved Untargeted LC-MS/MS Metabolomics Analysis
Plant diterpene glycosides
are essential for diverse
physiological
processes. Comprehensive structural characterization proved to be
a challenge due to variations in glycosylation patterns, diverse aglycone
structures, and the absence of comprehensive reference databases.
In this study, a method for fine-scale characterization was proposed
based on energy-resolved (ER) untargeted LC-MS/MS metabolomics analysis
using steviol glycosides as a demonstration. Energy-dependent fragmentation
patterns were unveiled by a series of model compounds. Distinct glycosylation
sites were discerned by leveraging varying fragmentation energies
for the precursor ions. The sugar moiety linkage at C19OOH (R1) exhibited
facile and intact cleavage at low collision energies, while the sugar
moiety at C13–OH (R2) demonstrated consecutive cleavage with
increasing energy. Aglycone ions exhibited a higher relative intensity
at NCE 50, with relative intensities ranging from 95% to 100%. Subsequently,
aglycone candidates, R1 sugar composition, and R2 sugar sequence were
deduced through ER-MS/MS analysis. The developed method was applied
to Stevia rebaudiana leaves. A total of 91 diterpene
glycosides were unambiguously identified, including 16 steviol glycosides
with novel acetylglycosylation patterns. This method offers a rapid
alternative for glycan analysis and the structural differentiation
of isomers. The developed method enhances the understanding of diterpene
glycosides in plants, providing a reliable tool for the in-depth characterization
of complex metabolite profiles
Nontargeted Screening Method for Illegal Additives Based on Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography–High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry
Identification of illegal additives
in complex matrixes is important
in the food safety field. In this study a nontargeted screening strategy
was developed to find illegal additives based on ultrahigh-performance
liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC–HRMS).
First, an analytical method for possible illegal additives in complex
matrixes was established including fast sample pretreatment, accurate
UHPLC separation, and HRMS detection. Second, efficient data processing
and differential analysis workflow were suggested and applied to find
potential risk compounds. Third, structure elucidation of risk compounds
was performed by (1) searching online databases [Metlin and the Human
Metabolome Database (HMDB)] and an in-house database which was established
at the above-defined conditions of UHPLC–HRMS analysis and
contains information on retention time, mass spectra (MS), and tandem
mass spectra (MS/MS) of 475 illegal additives, (2) analyzing fragment
ions, and (3) referring to fragmentation rules. Fish was taken as
an example to show the usefulness of the nontargeted screening strategy,
and six additives were found in suspected fish samples. Quantitative
analysis was further carried out to determine the contents of these
compounds. The satisfactory application of this strategy in fish samples
means that it can also be used in the screening of illegal additives
in other kinds of food samples
Development of a High Coverage Pseudotargeted Lipidomics Method Based on Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry
Lipid
coverage is crucial in comprehensive lipidomics studies challenged
by high diversity in lipid structures and wide dynamic range in lipid
levels. Current state-of-the-art lipidomics technologies are mostly
based on mass spectrometry (MS), including direct-infusion MS, chromatography-MS,
and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) imaging MS,
each with its pros and cons. Due to the need or favorability for measurement
of isomers and isobars, chromatography-MS is preferable for lipid
profiling. The ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution
mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS)-based nontargeted lipidomics approach
and UHPLC-tandem MS (UHPLC-MS/MS)-based targeted approach are two
representative methodological platforms for chromatography-MS. In
the present study, we developed a high coverage pseudotargeted lipidomics
method combining the advantages of nontargeted and targeted lipidomics
approaches. The high coverage of lipids was achieved by integration
of the detected lipids derived from nontargeted UHPLC-HRMS lipidomics
analysis of multiple matrices (e.g., plasma, cell, and tissue) and
the predicted lipids speculated on the basis of the structure and
chromatographic retention behavior of the known lipids. A total of
3377 targeted lipid ion pairs with over 7000 lipid molecular structures
were defined. The pseudotargeted lipidomics method was well validated
with satisfactory analytical characteristics in terms of linearity,
precision, reproducibility, and recovery for lipidomics profiling.
Importantly, it showed better repeatability and higher coverage of
lipids than the nontargeted lipidomics method. The applicability of
the developed pseudotargeted lipidomics method was testified in defining
differential lipids related to diabetes. We believe that comprehensive
lipidomics studies will benefit from the developed high coverage pseudotargeted
lipidomics approach
Development of a High Coverage Pseudotargeted Lipidomics Method Based on Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry
Lipid
coverage is crucial in comprehensive lipidomics studies challenged
by high diversity in lipid structures and wide dynamic range in lipid
levels. Current state-of-the-art lipidomics technologies are mostly
based on mass spectrometry (MS), including direct-infusion MS, chromatography-MS,
and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) imaging MS,
each with its pros and cons. Due to the need or favorability for measurement
of isomers and isobars, chromatography-MS is preferable for lipid
profiling. The ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution
mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS)-based nontargeted lipidomics approach
and UHPLC-tandem MS (UHPLC-MS/MS)-based targeted approach are two
representative methodological platforms for chromatography-MS. In
the present study, we developed a high coverage pseudotargeted lipidomics
method combining the advantages of nontargeted and targeted lipidomics
approaches. The high coverage of lipids was achieved by integration
of the detected lipids derived from nontargeted UHPLC-HRMS lipidomics
analysis of multiple matrices (e.g., plasma, cell, and tissue) and
the predicted lipids speculated on the basis of the structure and
chromatographic retention behavior of the known lipids. A total of
3377 targeted lipid ion pairs with over 7000 lipid molecular structures
were defined. The pseudotargeted lipidomics method was well validated
with satisfactory analytical characteristics in terms of linearity,
precision, reproducibility, and recovery for lipidomics profiling.
Importantly, it showed better repeatability and higher coverage of
lipids than the nontargeted lipidomics method. The applicability of
the developed pseudotargeted lipidomics method was testified in defining
differential lipids related to diabetes. We believe that comprehensive
lipidomics studies will benefit from the developed high coverage pseudotargeted
lipidomics approach
Development of a High Coverage Pseudotargeted Lipidomics Method Based on Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry
Lipid
coverage is crucial in comprehensive lipidomics studies challenged
by high diversity in lipid structures and wide dynamic range in lipid
levels. Current state-of-the-art lipidomics technologies are mostly
based on mass spectrometry (MS), including direct-infusion MS, chromatography-MS,
and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) imaging MS,
each with its pros and cons. Due to the need or favorability for measurement
of isomers and isobars, chromatography-MS is preferable for lipid
profiling. The ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution
mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS)-based nontargeted lipidomics approach
and UHPLC-tandem MS (UHPLC-MS/MS)-based targeted approach are two
representative methodological platforms for chromatography-MS. In
the present study, we developed a high coverage pseudotargeted lipidomics
method combining the advantages of nontargeted and targeted lipidomics
approaches. The high coverage of lipids was achieved by integration
of the detected lipids derived from nontargeted UHPLC-HRMS lipidomics
analysis of multiple matrices (e.g., plasma, cell, and tissue) and
the predicted lipids speculated on the basis of the structure and
chromatographic retention behavior of the known lipids. A total of
3377 targeted lipid ion pairs with over 7000 lipid molecular structures
were defined. The pseudotargeted lipidomics method was well validated
with satisfactory analytical characteristics in terms of linearity,
precision, reproducibility, and recovery for lipidomics profiling.
Importantly, it showed better repeatability and higher coverage of
lipids than the nontargeted lipidomics method. The applicability of
the developed pseudotargeted lipidomics method was testified in defining
differential lipids related to diabetes. We believe that comprehensive
lipidomics studies will benefit from the developed high coverage pseudotargeted
lipidomics approach
Serum Metabolomics Study and Eicosanoid Analysis of Childhood Atopic Dermatitis Based on Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most
common inflammatory skin disease
in children. In the study, ultra high performance liquid chromatography–mass
spectrometry was used to investigate serum metabolic abnormalities
of AD children. Two batch fasting sera were collected from AD children
and healthy control; one of them was for nontargeted metabolomics
analysis, the other for targeted eicosanoids analysis. AD children
were divided into high immunoglobulin E (IgE) group and normal IgE
group. On the basis of the two analysis approaches, it was found that
the differential metabolites of AD, leukotriene B4, prostaglandins,
conjugated bile acids, etc., were associated with inflammatory response
and bile acids metabolism. Carnitines, free fatty acids, lactic acid,
etc., increased in the AD group with high IgE, which revealed energy
metabolism disorder. Amino acid metabolic abnormalities and increased
levels of Cytochrome P450 epoxygenase metabolites were found in the
AD group with normal IgE. The results provided a new perspective to
understand the mechanism and find potential biomarkers of AD and may
provide a new reference for personalized treatment
Serum Metabolomics Study of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Based on Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry
Polycystic
ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex, heterogeneous disorder,
which produces in 5–10% reproductive age women. In this study,
a nontargeted metabolomics approach based on ultra high-performance
liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass
spectrometry is used to investigate serum metabolic characteristics
of PCOS. PCOS women and healthy control can be clustered into two
distinct groups based on multivariate statistical analysis. Significant
increase in the levels of unsaturated free fatty acids, fatty acid
amides, sulfated steroids, glycated amino acid and the decrease in
levels of lysophosphatidylcholines, lysophosphatidylethanolamines,
etc., were found. These metabolites showed abnormalities of lipid-
and androgen-metabolism, increase of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD)
activity and accumulation of advanced glycation end-products in PCOS
patients. On the basis of the binary logistic regression model, free
fatty acid (FFA) 18:1/FFA 18:0, FFA 20:3, dihydrotestosterone sulfate,
glycated phenylalanine, and uridine were combined as a diagnostic
biomarker. The area under the curve (AUC) of combinational biomarker
was 0.839 in 131 discovery phase samples and 0.874 in 109 validation
phase samples. The findings of our study offer a new insight to understand
the pathogenesis mechanism, and the discriminating metabolites may
provide a prospect for PCOS diagnosis