Topological aspect of black hole with Skyrme hair

Based on the $\phi$-mapping topological current theory, we show that the presence of the black hole leaves fractional baryon charge outside the horizon in the Einstein-Skyrme theory. A topological current is derived from the Einstein-Skyrme system, which corresponds to the monopoles around the black hole. The branch process (splitting, merging and intersection) is simply discussed during the evolution of the monopoles.Comment: 10 pages,0 figure

Waste walnut shell valorization to iron loaded biochar and its application to arsenic removal

Iron loaded biochar (ILB) was prepared from waste walnut shell by microwave pyrolysis and its application for arsenic removal was attempted. The ILB was characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and BET Surface area analyzer. The adsorption isotherm of As (V) in ILB covering a temperature range of 25 to 45 °C, as well as the kinetics of adsorption at 25 °C were experimentally generated. The adsorption isotherms were modeled using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, while the kinetics of adsorption was modeled using the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order kinetic models, and intra particle diffusion model. The ILB had a surface area of 418 m2 /g with iron present in the form of hematite (Fe2O3) and magnetite (Fe3O4). The arsenic adsorption isotherm matches well with Langmuir isotherm model with a monolayer adsorption capacity of 1.91 mg/g at 25 °C. The adsorption capacity of As (V) well compares with other porous adsorbents widely reported in literature, supporting its application as a cost effective adsorbent

Novel Topological Invariant in the U(1) Gauge Field Theory

Based on the decomposition of U(1) gauge potential theory and the $\phi$-mapping topological current theory, the three-dimensional knot invariant and a four-dimensional new topological invariant are discussed in the U(1) gauge field.Comment: 10 pages, 0 figures accepted by MPL

Preparation and Performance of Inorganic Heat Insulation Panel Based on Sepiolite Nanofibers

High efficiency and low cost thermal insulation energy saving panel materials containing sepiolite nanofibers were developed by means of the synergistic action of inorganic adhesive, curing agent, and hydrogen peroxide. The water soluble sodium silicate was used as inorganic adhesive, and the sodium fluorosilicate was chosen as curing agent. Moreover, appropriate amount of hydrogen peroxide was added in order to decrease the bulk density and improve the heat insulation performance of panel materials. The results showed that the synergistic action of inorganic adhesive, curing agent, and hydrogen peroxide could make thermal insulation energy saving panel materials have low bulk density and high mechanical performance, and the optimal process was as follows: 120°C of drying temperature, 1.6% of sodium silicate as inorganic adhesive, 12% of sodium fluorosilicate as curing agent in sodium silicate, and 2.5% of hydrogen peroxide. The thermal insulation energy saving panel materials as prepared could arrest heat transmission and resist external force effectively

Knotted Solitons in a Charged Two-Condensate Bose System

By making use of the decomposition of U(1) gauge potential theory and the \phi mapping method, we propose that a charged two-condensate Bose system possesses vortex lines and two classes of knotted solitons. The topological charges of the vortex lines are characterized by the Hopf indices and the Brower degrees of \phi-mapping, and the knotted solitons are described by the nontrivial Hopf invariant and the BF action, respectively.Comment: 12 pages,0 figure

Eucalyptus Trees - Ageratina adenophora Complex System: A New Eco-environmental Protection Model

Eucalyptus trees and Ageratina adenophora complex system, a new ecological phenomenon that is worthy of attention, was proposed firstly in this paper, and some scientific problems were summarized from the new phenomenon. Causes of the new phenomenon were analyzed tentatively from the perspective of ecology. It was pointed out that ecological degradation of Eucalyptus plantation and strong invasiveness of A. adenophora are two apparent reasons for formation of Eucalyptus trees and A. adenophora complex system. Basic view of the authors on causes of the new phenomenon was put forward that resistance unbalance between chemical defensive potential of Eucalyptus trees and chemical invasive potential of A. adenophora might be the fundamental reason for formation of Eucalyptus trees and A. adenophora complex system, based on the two apparent reasons respectively connected with allelopathic effects of Eucalyptus trees and A. adenophora as dominant species of the complex system. Some proofs from studies on chemical components and biological activities of Eucalyptus species and A. adenophora have proved the basic view of the authors. It was discussed that formation of the complex system would influence some environmental elements such as soil environment, hydrology environment, and biology environment. It was proposed that three key scientific issues, namely chemical mechanism of formation of the complex system, ecological effects of formation of the complex system, and succession trends and impact factors of the complex system should be mainly studied as special researches to probe ecological relationship of exotic species because of absence study on the complex system and objective requirements of production practice in future. It was emphasized that the proposed researches might be of guidance significance to scientific management and sustainable operation of Eucalyptus plantation under the condition of biological invasion.Eucalyptus trees and Ageratina adenophora complex system, a new ecological phenomenon that is worthy of attention, was proposed firstly in this paper, and some scientific problems were summarized from the new phenomenon. Causes of the new phenomenon were analyzed tentatively from the perspective of ecology. It was pointed out that ecological degradation of Eucalyptus plantation and strong invasiveness of A. adenophora are two apparent reasons for formation of Eucalyptus trees and A. adenophora complex system. Basic view of the authors on causes of the new phenomenon was put forward that resistance unbalance between chemical defensive potential of Eucalyptus trees and chemical invasive potential of A. adenophora might be the fundamental reason for formation of Eucalyptus trees and A. adenophora complex system, based on the two apparent reasons respectively connected with allelopathic effects of Eucalyptus trees and A. adenophora as dominant species of the complex system. Some proofs from studies on chemical components and biological activities of Eucalyptus species and A. adenophora have proved the basic view of the authors. It was discussed that formation of the complex system would influence some environmental elements such as soil environment, hydrology environment, and biology environment. It was proposed that three key scientific issues, namely chemical mechanism of formation of the complex system, ecological effects of formation of the complex system, and succession trends and impact factors of the complex system should be mainly studied as special researches to probe ecological relationship of exotic species because of absence study on the complex system and objective requirements of production practice in future. It was emphasized that the proposed researches might be of guidance significance to scientific management and sustainable operation of Eucalyptus plantation under the condition of biological invasion

An adult and pediatric size-based contrast administration reduction phantom study for single and dual-energy CT through preservation of contrast-to-noise ratio.

BACKGROUND: Global shortages of iodinated contrast media (ICM) during COVID-19 pandemic forced the imaging community to use ICM more strategically in CT exams. PURPOSE: The purpose of this work is to provide a quantitative framework for preserving iodine CNR while reducing ICM dosage by either lowering kV in single-energy CT (SECT) or using lower energy virtual monochromatic images (VMI) from dual-energy CT (DECT) in a phantom study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In SECT study, phantoms with effective diameters of 9.7, 15.9, 21.1, and 28.5 cm were scanned on SECT scanners of two different manufacturers at a range of tube voltages. Statistical based iterative reconstruction and deep learning reconstruction were used. In DECT study, phantoms with effective diameters of 20, 29.5, 34.6, and 39.7 cm were scanned on DECT scanners from three different manufacturers. VMIs were created from 40 to 140 keV. ICM reduction by lowering kV levels for SECT or switching from SECT to DECT was calculated based on the linear relationship between iodine CNR and its concentration under different scanning conditions. RESULTS: On SECT scanner A, while matching CNR at 120 kV, ICM reductions of 21%, 58%, and 72% were achieved at 100, 80, and 70 kV, respectively. On SECT scanner B, 27% and 80% ICM reduction was obtained at 80 and 100 kV. On the Fast-kV switch DECT, with CNR matched at 120 kV, ICM reductions were 35%, 30%, 23%, and 15% with VMIs at 40, 50, 60, and 68 keV, respectively. On the dual-source DECT, ICM reductions were 52%, 48%, 42%, 33%, and 22% with VMIs at 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80 keV. On the dual-layer DECT, ICM reductions were 74%, 62%, 45%, and 22% with VMIs at 40, 50, 60, and 70 keV. CONCLUSIONS: Our work provided a quantitative baseline for other institutions to further optimize their scanning protocols to reduce the use of ICM