Multidimensional Spatial Match of Hierarchical Healthcare Facilities Considering Floating Population: A Case of Beijing, China

Good health and well-being are key to achieving the main goals of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially after the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic. What is a concern for both government and society is how to understand the spatial match of hierarchical healthcare facilities and residential areas in terms of quantity and capacity, to meet the challenges of various diseases and build a healthy life. Using hierarchical healthcare data and cellphone signaling data in Beijing, China, we used the kernel density estimation, a bivariate spatial autocorrelation model, and a coupling index to explore the spatial relationships between hierarchical healthcare facilities and residential areas. We found large numbers of both healthcare facilities and residential areas in the urban center, and small numbers of both at the urban edge. The hospitals and designated retail pharmacies in the densely populated areas do not have enough capacity to meet the need of the population. In addition, the capacity of primary healthcare institutions can meet people’s needs. Our findings would serve as a reference for urban planning, optimization of hierarchical healthcare facilities, and research on similar themes

Multidimensional Spatial Match of Hierarchical Healthcare Facilities Considering Floating Population: A Case of Beijing, China

Good health and well-being are key to achieving the main goals of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially after the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic. What is a concern for both government and society is how to understand the spatial match of hierarchical healthcare facilities and residential areas in terms of quantity and capacity, to meet the challenges of various diseases and build a healthy life. Using hierarchical healthcare data and cellphone signaling data in Beijing, China, we used the kernel density estimation, a bivariate spatial autocorrelation model, and a coupling index to explore the spatial relationships between hierarchical healthcare facilities and residential areas. We found large numbers of both healthcare facilities and residential areas in the urban center, and small numbers of both at the urban edge. The hospitals and designated retail pharmacies in the densely populated areas do not have enough capacity to meet the need of the population. In addition, the capacity of primary healthcare institutions can meet people’s needs. Our findings would serve as a reference for urban planning, optimization of hierarchical healthcare facilities, and research on similar themes

Experimental Study on Stiffness Degradation of Organic Matter-Disseminated Sand under Cyclic Loading

Degradation of stiffness will occur in sand under cyclic loading. Organic matter-disseminated sand (OMDS) is a special sand in the northeast and western coastal region of Hainan Island. Through the stress-controlled dynamic triaxial test, the natural moisture content, vibration amplitude and consolidation ratio of OMDS under three types of cyclic loads (sine wave, triangular wave and rectangular wave) were studied. The results showed that the soil stiffness decreases with the increase in vibration times. The increase in natural moisture content and vibration amplitude, and the reduction in the consolidation ratio accelerate the softening of soil stiffness. Furthermore, based on the test results, an empirical formula was derived to reflect the rule of soil stiffness softening

Novel Effect of Zinc Nitrate/Vanadyl Oxalate for Selective Catalytic Oxidation of α-Hydroxy Esters to α-Keto Esters with Molecular Oxygen: An In Situ ATR-IR Study

Selective oxidation of α-hydroxy esters is one of the most important methods to prepare high value-added α-keto esters. An efficient catalytic system consisting of Zn(NO3)2/VOC2O4 is reported for catalytic oxidation of α-hydroxy esters with molecular oxygen. Up to 99% conversion of methyl DL-mandelate or methyl lactate could be facilely obtained with high selectivity for its corresponding α-keto ester under mild reaction conditions. Zn(NO3)2 exhibited higher catalytic activity in combination with VOC2O4 compared with Fe(NO3)3 and different nitric oxidative gases were detected by situ attenuated total reflection infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy. UV-vis and ATR-IR results indicated that coordination complex formed in Zn(NO3)2 in CH3CN solution was quite different from Fe(NO3)3; it is proposed that the charge-transfer from Zn2+ to coordinated nitrate groups might account for the generation of different nitric oxidative gases. The XPS result indicate that nitric oxidative gas derived from the interaction of Zn(NO3)2 with VOC2O4 could be in favor of oxidizing VOC2O4 to generate active vanadium (V) species. It might account for different catalytic activity of Zn(NO3)2 or Fe(NO3)3 combined with VOC2O4. This work contributes to further development of efficient aerobic oxidation under mild reaction conditions