30 research outputs found
Nonlinearity and Noise Effects in Multi-level Signal Millimeter-Wave over Fiber Transmission using Single- and Dual-Wavelength Modulation
We transmit multilevel quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) data-IEEE 802.16 schemes-at 20 MSps and an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) 802.11 g signal (54 Mbps) with a 25 GHz millimeter-wave over fiber system, which employs a dual wavelength source, over 20 km of single mode fiber. Downlink data transmission is successfully demonstrated over both optical and wireless (up to 12 m) paths with good error vector magnitude. An analysis of two different schemes, in which data is applied to one (single) and both (dual) of the wavelengths of a dual wavelength source, is carried out. The system performance is analyzed through simulation and a good match with experimental results is obtained. The analysis investigates the impact of Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) and RF amplifier nonlinearity and various noise sources, such as laser relative intensity noise, amplified spontaneous emission, thermal, and shot noise. A comparison of single carrier QAM IEEE 802.16 and OFDM in terms of their sensitivity to the distortions from MZM and RF amplifier nonlinearity is also presented
Quantum Discord for Investigating Quantum Correlations without Entanglement in Solids
Quantum systems unfold diversified correlations which have no classical
counterparts. These quantum correlations have various different facets. Quantum
entanglement, as the most well known measure of quantum correlations, plays
essential roles in quantum information processing. However, it has recently
been pointed out that quantum entanglement cannot describe all the
nonclassicality in the correlations. Thus the study of quantum correlations in
separable states attracts widely attentions. Herein, we experimentally
investigate the quantum correlations of separable thermal states in terms of
quantum discord. The sudden change of quantum discord is observed, which
captures ambiguously the critical point associated with the behavior of
Hamiltonian. Our results display the potential applications of quantum
correlations in studying the fundamental properties of quantum system, such as
quantum criticality of non-zero temperature.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Recommended from our members
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients From 14 Countries: Estimates of the INTERPRET-DD Study
Aim: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common, severe microvascular complication of diabetes. Our study was to assess prevalence and risk factors for DPN in subjects with type 2 diabetes from 14 different countries. Methods: A total of 2,733 subjects with type 2 diabetes aged 18–65 years (45.3% men, mean duration of diabetes = 8.8 years) were included to perform this International Prevalence and Treatment of Diabetes and Depression (INTERPRET-DD) study in 14 countries. After a structured questionnaire was used in face-to-face interviews to collect sociodemographic characteristics and medical records of the participating subjects, laboratory tests were carried out for clinical measurement. Depressive symptoms were diagnosed and measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. The potential risk factors for DPN were determined by multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression, accounting for clustering of participants within the country. Robustness of the estimates was assessed by sensitivity analysis. Results: The overall prevalence of DPN across different countries was 26.71%, whereas country-specific prevalences showed considerable variation. Multivariate analysis revealed that duration of diabetes (OR: 1.08 per 1-year increase, 95% CI: 1.06–1.09), poor glycemic control (OR: 1.11 per 1% increase in HbA1c, 95% CI: 1.05–1.18), and history of hypertension (OR: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.18–2.12), cardiovascular disease (OR: 2.07, 95% CI: 1.55–2.78) and depressive symptoms (OR: 1.92, 95% CI: 1.43–2.58) were independently and positively associated with the risk of DPN. Sensitivity analyses including or excluding patients from countries with extreme low or high prevalence of DPN yielded similar estimates in terms of trend and magnitude. Conclusions: This international study illustrates that more than a quarter of individuals with type 2 diabetes developed DPN. The prevalence was positively associated with the duration of diabetes, poor glycemic control, and history of hypertension, cardiovascular disease and depressive symptoms
Self-interference suppression with imperfect channel estimation in a shared-antenna full-duplex massive MU-MIMO system
Indoor Pico-Cellular Network Operation based on a Simple Optical Millimetre-Wave Generation Scheme
Experimental demonstrations of modulated signal transmission and pico-cellular network operation at millimeter-wave frequencies, which are based on a simple technique for millimeter-wave generation using an optical phase modulator and optical filtering, are reviewed
Full downlink indoor pico-cellular network coverage using a millimeter-wave over fiber system
64 quadrature amplitude modulation (64 QAM) data transmission at 6 MSps and 30 MSps is successfully demonstrated over a 25 GHz millimeter-wave (mmw) over fiber system by employing a dual wavelength source consisting of an optical phase modulator and dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) filter. Successful transmission over optical and wireless paths is achieved with good error vector magnitude (EVM) performance recorded for full downlink transmission through 20-km fiber to a 90 m2 pico-cell in a laboratory with line-of-sight (LOS) using an omni-directional antenn
Full Downlink Transmission using a Millimetre-wave over Fibre System for Indoor Pico-cellular Network Coverage
Full Downlink Transmission of Multilevel QAM Signals over mm-wave over Fiber System using Phase Modulator and DWDM Filtering
Multilevel Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) signals 916QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM) up to 240Mbps and WLAN 802.11g signals (54 Mbps) are successfully transported over a 25GHz millimeter-wave fiber system employing a dual wavelength source (phase modulator and DWDM filter)