14 research outputs found
Evolution of Maximum Bending Strain on Poisson's Ratio Distribution
In recent years, new flexible functional materials have attracted increasing
interest, but there is a lack of the designing mechanisms of flexibility design
with superstructures. In traditional engineering mechanics, the maximum bending
strain (MBS) was considered universal for describing the bendable properties of
a given material, leading to the universal designing method of lowering the
dimension such as thin membranes designed flexible functional materials.In this
work, the MBS was found only applicable for materials with uniformly
distributed Poisson's ratio, while the MBS increases with the thickness of the
given material in case there is a variation Poisson's ratio in different areas.
This means the MBS can be enhanced by certain Poisson's ratio design in the
future to achieve better flexibility of thick materials. Here, the inorganic
freestanding nanofiber membranes, which have a nonconstant Poisson's ratio
response on stress/strain for creating nonuniformly distributed Poisson's ratio
were proven applicable for designing larger MBS and lower Young's modulus for
thicker samples
ObjSim: Lightweight Automatic Patch Prioritization via Object Similarity
In the context of test case based automatic program repair (APR), patches
that pass all the test cases but fail to fix the bug are called overfitted
patches. Currently, patches generated by APR tools get inspected manually by
the users to find and adopt genuine fixes. Being a laborious activity hindering
widespread adoption of APR, automatic identification of overfitted patches has
lately been the topic of active research. This paper presents engineering
details of ObjSim: a fully automatic, lightweight similarity-based patch
prioritization tool for JVM-based languages. The tool works by comparing the
system state at the exit point(s) of patched method before and after patching
and prioritizing patches that result in state that is more similar to that of
original, unpatched version on passing tests while less similar on failing
ones. Our experiments with patches generated by the recent APR tool PraPR for
fixable bugs from Defects4J v1.4.0 show that ObjSim prioritizes 16.67% more
genuine fixes in top-1 place. A demo video of the tool is located at
https://bit.ly/2K8gnYV.Comment: Proceedings of the 29th ACM SIGSOFT International Symposium on
Software Testing and Analysis (ISSTA '20), July 18--22, 2020, Virtual Event,
US
Instability Mechanism of Osimertinib in Plasma and a Solving Strategy in the Pharmacokinetics Study
Osimertinib is a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) and a star medication used to treat non-small-cell lung carcinomas (NSCLCs). It has caused broad public concern that osimertinib has relatively low stability in plasma. We explored why osimertinib and its primary metabolites AZ-5104 and AZ-7550 are unstable in rat plasma. Our results suggested that it is the main reason inducing their unstable phenomenon that the Michael addition reaction was putatively produced between the Michael acceptor of osimertinib and the cysteine in the plasma matrix. Consequently, we identified a method to stabilize osimertinib and its metabolite contents in plasma. The assay was observed to enhance the stability of osimertinib, AZ-5104, and AZ-7550 significantly. The validated method was subsequently applied to perform the pharmacokinetic study for osimertinib in rats with the newly established, elegant, and optimized ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometer (UPLC-MS/MS) strategy. The assay was assessed for accuracy, precision, matrix effects, recovery, and stability. This study can help understand the pharmacological effects of osimertinib and promote a solution for the similar problem of other Michael acceptor-contained third-generation EGFR-TKI
Discovering generalized communities in weighted networks
Recent years have witnessed the rapid development of community detection and a large collection of algorithms has been proposed. As weights may carry crucial information, community detection in weighted networks has also attracted the researchers' interest. In this paper, an algorithm is proposed to discover generalized communities of more structural patterns in weighted networks, including overlapping communities, disassortative structure, etc. It considers the network weights in the modeling and computation to study the inference of the latent continuous structures in weighted networks. The algorithm is tested both on the benchmark graphs and the real-world network. Results show good performances and favorable properties of the algorithm
DataSheet1_Effects of homocysteine on nonalcoholic fatty liver related disease: A mendelian randomization study.docx
Background: Since the association of homocysteine and clinical results of observational studies are controversial on non-alcoholic fatty liver related disease, we compute the two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) study.Objective: To evaluate whether the plasma level of homocysteine has an effect on the risk of Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and Cirrhosis after its progress, we investigated the causal relationships between plasma homocysteine and the three non-alcoholic fatty liver related diseases mentioned above.Design and methods: Summary estimates were elicited from the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method through 12 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) which related to the plasma homocysteine, the SNPs were obtained from a large genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of 44,147 European participants. And the summary statistics for the latest and largest GWAS datasets for NAFLD (307576 in total and 1,578 cases), NASH (309055 in total and 99 cases) and Cirrhosis (306145 in total and 826 cases) were collected from Ristey FinnGen website where the association of genetic variations with blood metabolite levels was conducted using comprehensive metabolite profiling. The study was performed through two-sample MR method.Results: The result indicated that the plasma homocysteine is not significantly associated with NAFLD, and its progression, NASH and Cirrhosis.Conclusion: The evidence in this study is quite deficient to support the causal association of the individual plasma homocysteine with NAFLD, NASH and Cirrhosis, the putative of associations is not exist.</p
Ceftazidime-assisted synthesis of ultrasmall chitosan nanoparticles for biofilm penetration and eradication of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Abstract Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) infections present a grave threat to immunocompromised individuals, particularly those with cystic fibrosis due to the development of bacterial biofilms. In this study, we engineered self-assembling chitosan-ceftazidime nanoparticles (CSCE) capable of effectively penetrating biofilms and eradicating P. aeruginosa. The CSCE nanoparticles were synthesized through ionic cross-linking, combining negatively charged ceftazidime with positively charged chitosan, resulting in uniform nanoparticles measuring approximately 40 nm in diameter, exhibiting high dispersity and excellent biocompatibility. Remarkably, these nanoparticles exhibited significant inhibition of P. aeruginosa growth, reduced pyocyanin production, and diminished biofilm formation, achieving a maximum inhibition rate of 22.44%. Furthermore, in vivo investigations demonstrated enhanced survival in mice with abdominal P. aeruginosa infection following treatment with CSCE nanoparticles, accompanied by reduced levels of inflammatory cytokines Interleukin-6 (125.79 ± 18.63 pg/mL), Interleukin-17 (125.67 ± 5.94 pg/mL), and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (135.4 ± 11.77 pg/mL). Critically, mice treated with CSCE nanoparticles showed no presence of bacteria in the bloodstream following intraperitoneal P. aeruginosa infection. Collectively, our findings highlight the potential of these synthesized nanoparticles as effective agents against P. aeruginosa infections
Image2_Effects of homocysteine on nonalcoholic fatty liver related disease: A mendelian randomization study.PNG
Background: Since the association of homocysteine and clinical results of observational studies are controversial on non-alcoholic fatty liver related disease, we compute the two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) study.Objective: To evaluate whether the plasma level of homocysteine has an effect on the risk of Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and Cirrhosis after its progress, we investigated the causal relationships between plasma homocysteine and the three non-alcoholic fatty liver related diseases mentioned above.Design and methods: Summary estimates were elicited from the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method through 12 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) which related to the plasma homocysteine, the SNPs were obtained from a large genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of 44,147 European participants. And the summary statistics for the latest and largest GWAS datasets for NAFLD (307576 in total and 1,578 cases), NASH (309055 in total and 99 cases) and Cirrhosis (306145 in total and 826 cases) were collected from Ristey FinnGen website where the association of genetic variations with blood metabolite levels was conducted using comprehensive metabolite profiling. The study was performed through two-sample MR method.Results: The result indicated that the plasma homocysteine is not significantly associated with NAFLD, and its progression, NASH and Cirrhosis.Conclusion: The evidence in this study is quite deficient to support the causal association of the individual plasma homocysteine with NAFLD, NASH and Cirrhosis, the putative of associations is not exist.</p
Image3_Effects of homocysteine on nonalcoholic fatty liver related disease: A mendelian randomization study.PNG
Background: Since the association of homocysteine and clinical results of observational studies are controversial on non-alcoholic fatty liver related disease, we compute the two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) study.Objective: To evaluate whether the plasma level of homocysteine has an effect on the risk of Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and Cirrhosis after its progress, we investigated the causal relationships between plasma homocysteine and the three non-alcoholic fatty liver related diseases mentioned above.Design and methods: Summary estimates were elicited from the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method through 12 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) which related to the plasma homocysteine, the SNPs were obtained from a large genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of 44,147 European participants. And the summary statistics for the latest and largest GWAS datasets for NAFLD (307576 in total and 1,578 cases), NASH (309055 in total and 99 cases) and Cirrhosis (306145 in total and 826 cases) were collected from Ristey FinnGen website where the association of genetic variations with blood metabolite levels was conducted using comprehensive metabolite profiling. The study was performed through two-sample MR method.Results: The result indicated that the plasma homocysteine is not significantly associated with NAFLD, and its progression, NASH and Cirrhosis.Conclusion: The evidence in this study is quite deficient to support the causal association of the individual plasma homocysteine with NAFLD, NASH and Cirrhosis, the putative of associations is not exist.</p
Strengthening of the Fe-Ni Invar Alloy Through Chromium
Invar alloys with both high strength and low thermal expansion are urgently needed in fields such as overhead power transmission, aero-molds, and so on. In this paper, Cr was introduced as a cost-efficient alloying element into the Fe-36Ni binary invar alloy to increase its mechanical strength. Our results confirmed that fine Cr7C3 precipitants, together with some Fe3C, in the invar alloy aged at 425 °C could be obtained with a short aging time. Those precipitants then grew and aggregated at grain or sub-grain boundaries with an increase in aging time. Simultaneously, mechanical strength and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) parabolically varied with the increase in aging time. The sample aged at 425 °C for 7 h presented a maximum strength of 644.4 MPa, together with a minimum coefficient of thermal expansion of 3.30 × 10−6 K−1 in the temperature range of 20–100 °C. This optimized result should be primarily attributed to the precipitation of the nanoscaled Cr7C3
Image1_Effects of homocysteine on nonalcoholic fatty liver related disease: A mendelian randomization study.jpg
Background: Since the association of homocysteine and clinical results of observational studies are controversial on non-alcoholic fatty liver related disease, we compute the two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) study.Objective: To evaluate whether the plasma level of homocysteine has an effect on the risk of Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and Cirrhosis after its progress, we investigated the causal relationships between plasma homocysteine and the three non-alcoholic fatty liver related diseases mentioned above.Design and methods: Summary estimates were elicited from the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method through 12 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) which related to the plasma homocysteine, the SNPs were obtained from a large genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of 44,147 European participants. And the summary statistics for the latest and largest GWAS datasets for NAFLD (307576 in total and 1,578 cases), NASH (309055 in total and 99 cases) and Cirrhosis (306145 in total and 826 cases) were collected from Ristey FinnGen website where the association of genetic variations with blood metabolite levels was conducted using comprehensive metabolite profiling. The study was performed through two-sample MR method.Results: The result indicated that the plasma homocysteine is not significantly associated with NAFLD, and its progression, NASH and Cirrhosis.Conclusion: The evidence in this study is quite deficient to support the causal association of the individual plasma homocysteine with NAFLD, NASH and Cirrhosis, the putative of associations is not exist.</p