4,036 research outputs found
Fast Adaptive S-ALOHA Scheme for Event-driven Machine-to-Machine Communications
Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication is now playing a market-changing role
in a wide range of business world. However, in event-driven M2M communications,
a large number of devices activate within a short period of time, which in turn
causes high radio congestions and severe access delay. To address this issue,
we propose a Fast Adaptive S-ALOHA (FASA) scheme for M2M communication systems
with bursty traffic. The statistics of consecutive idle and collision slots,
rather than the observation in a single slot, are used in FASA to accelerate
the tracking process of network status. Furthermore, the fast convergence
property of FASA is guaranteed by using drift analysis. Simulation results
demonstrate that the proposed FASA scheme achieves near-optimal performance in
reducing access delay, which outperforms that of traditional additive schemes
such as PB-ALOHA. Moreover, compared to multiplicative schemes, FASA shows its
robustness even under heavy traffic load in addition to better delay
performance.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted to IEEE VTC2012-Fal
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Direct observation of pitting corrosion evolutions on carbon steel surfaces at the nano-to-micro- scales.
The Cl--induced corrosion of metals and alloys is of relevance to a wide range of engineered materials, structures, and systems. Because of the challenges in studying pitting corrosion in a quantitative and statistically significant manner, its kinetics remain poorly understood. Herein, by direct, nano- to micro-scale observations using vertical scanning interferometry (VSI), we examine the temporal evolution of pitting corrosion on AISI 1045 carbon steel over large surface areas in Cl--free, and Cl--enriched solutions. Special focus is paid to examine the nucleation and growth of pits, and the associated formation of roughened regions on steel surfaces. By statistical analysis of hundreds of individual pits, three stages of pitting corrosion, namely, induction, propagation, and saturation, are quantitatively distinguished. By quantifying the kinetics of these processes, we contextualize our current understanding of electrochemical corrosion within a framework that considers spatial dynamics and morphology evolutions. In the presence of Cl- ions, corrosion is highly accelerated due to multiple autocatalytic factors including destabilization of protective surface oxide films and preservation of aggressive microenvironments within the pits, both of which promote continued pit nucleation and growth. These findings offer new insights into predicting and modeling steel corrosion processes in mid-pH aqueous environments
Globalizing Hayden White
This conversation originated in a plenary session organized by Ewa DomaÅ„ska and MarÃa Inés La Greca under the same title of ‘Globalizing Hayden White’ at the III International Network for Theory of History Conference ‘Place and Displacement: The Spacing of History’ held at Södertörn University, Stockholm, in August 2018. In order to pay homage to Hayden White’s life work 5 months after his passing we knew that what was needed–and what he himself would have wanted–was a vibrant intellectual exchange. Our ‘celebration by discussion’ contains elaborated and revised versions of the presentations by scholars from China (Xin Chen), Latin America (MarÃa Inés La Greca, Veronica Tozzi Thompson), United States (Paul Roth), Western (Kalle Pihlainen) and East-Central Europe (Ewa DomaÅ„ska). We took this opportunity of gathering scholars who represent different parts of the world, different cultures and approaches to reflect on White’s ideas in a global context. Our interest was in discussing how his work has been read and used (or even misread and misused) and how it has influenced theoretical discussions in different parts of the globe. Rather than just offering an account as experts, we mainly wanted to reflect on the current state of our field and the ways that White’s inheritance might and should be carried forward in the future.Fil: Domanska, Ewa. Adam Mickiewicz University in PoznaÅ„; PoloniaFil: la Greca, MarÃa Inés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientÃficas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tres de Febrero. Departamento de MetodologÃa, EstadÃstica y Matemáticas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de FilosofÃa y Letras. Departamento de FilosofÃa; ArgentinaFil: Roth, Paul A.. University of California at Santa Cruz; Estados UnidosFil: Chen, Xin. Zhejiang University; ChinaFil: Tozzi, MarÃa Verónica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientÃficas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tres de Febrero. Departamento de MetodologÃa, EstadÃstica y Matemáticas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de FilosofÃa y Letras. Departamento de FilosofÃa; ArgentinaFil: Pihlainen, Kalle. Tallinn University; Estoni
Optical Properties of Organometallic Perovskite: An ab initio Study using Relativistic GW Correction and Bethe-Salpeter Equation
In the development of highly efficient photovoltaic cells, solid perovskite
systems have demonstrated unprecedented promise, with the figure of merit
exceeding nineteen percent of efficiency. In this paper, we investigate the
optical and vibrational properties of organometallic cubic perovskite
CH3NH3PbI3 using first-principles calculations. For accurate theoretical
description, we go beyond conventional density functional theory (DFT), and
calculated optical conductivity using relativist quasi-particle (GW)
correction. Incorporating these many-body effects, we further solve
Bethe-Salpeter equations (BSE) for excitons, and found enhanced optical
conductivity near the gap edge. Due to the presence of organic methylammonium
cations near the center of the perovskite cell, the system is sensitive to low
energy vibrational modes. We estimate the phonon modes of CH3NH3PbI3 using
small displacement approach, and further calculate the infrared absorption (IR)
spectra. Qualitatively, our calculations of low-energy phonon frequencies are
in good agreement with our terahertz measurements. Therefore, for both energy
scales (around 2 eV and 0-20 meV), our calculations reveal the importance of
many-body effects and their contributions to the desirable optical properties
in the cubic organometallic perovskites system.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Magnetic quantum oscillations in YBaCuO and YBaCuO in fields of up to 85 T; patching the hole in the roof of the superconducting dome
We measure magnetic quantum oscillations in the underdoped cuprates
YBaCuO with , 0.69, using fields of up to 85 T. The
quantum-oscillation frequencies and effective masses obtained suggest that the
Fermi energy in the cuprates has a maximum at . On either
side, the effective mass may diverge, possibly due to phase transitions
associated with the T=0 limit of the metal-insulator crossover (low- side),
and the postulated topological transition from small to large Fermi surface
close to optimal doping (high side)
Mutations on the N-terminal edge of the DELSEED loop in either the α or β subunit of the mitochondrial F 1 -ATPase enhance ATP hydrolysis in the absence of the central γ rotor
F1-ATPase is a rotary molecular machine with a subunit stoichiometry of α3 β3 γ1 δ1 ε1. It has a robust ATP-hydrolyzing activity due to effective cooperativity between the three catalytic sites. It is believed that the central γ rotor dictates the
q-Deformation of W(2,2) Lie algebra associated with quantum groups
An explicit realization of the W(2,2) Lie algebra is presented using the
famous bosonic and fermionic oscillators in physics, which is then used to
construct the q-deformation of this Lie algebra. Furthermore, the quantum group
structures on the q-deformation of this Lie algebra are completely determined.Comment: 12 page
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