PCR successes and number of alleles amplified in 38 accessions of the genus <i>Physalis</i> and two tomato lines.

<p>PCR successes and number of alleles amplified in 38 accessions of the genus <i>Physalis</i> and two tomato lines.</p

Population structure of 38 <i>Physalis</i> accessions and two tomato lines using STRUCTURE software and 122 markers.

<p>The coefficients of estimated ancestry per accession in each cluster were represented by an individual bar, where each color refers to a distinct cluster. The name of the accession is below the bar.</p

Dendrogram of 38 <i>Physalis</i> accessions based on all marker data (A) and <i>P. peruviana</i> SSR marker data (B).

<p>The dendrogram was generated from Nei’s genetic distance matrix by UPGMA in NTSYSpc 2.11a. Tomato lines OH88119 and PI435238 were used as out-group controls.</p

The Nei's genetic distance between species pairs in <i>Physalis</i>.

<p>The Nei's genetic distance between species pairs in <i>Physalis</i>.</p

Number of polymorphic markers and alleles amplified from 38 <i>Physalis</i> accessions and 25 <i>P. philadelphica</i> accessions.

<p>The accessions with ambiguous species information were excluded from <i>P. philadelphica</i> cluster for calculation.</p

Growth of Highly Oriented Ultrathin Crystalline Organic Microstripes: Effect of Alkyl Chain Length

The growth of organic semiconductor with controllable morphology is a crucial issue for achieving high-performance devices. Here we present the systematic study of the effect of the alkyl chain attached to the functional entity on controlling the growth of oriented microcrystals by dip-coating. Alkylated DTBDT-based molecules with variable chain lengths from <i>n</i>-butyl to <i>n</i>-dodecyl formed into one-dimensional micro- or nanostripe crystals at different pulling speeds. The alignment and ordering are significantly varied with alkyl chain length, as is the transistor performance. Highly uniform oriented and higher-molecular-order crystalline stripes with improved field-effect mobility can be achieved with an alkyl-chain length of around 6. We attribute this effect to the alkyl-chain-length-dependent packing, solubility, and self-assembly behavior