Discovery potential of Higgs boson pair production through 4ℓ\ell+E ⁣ ⁣/E\!\!/ final states at a 100 TeV collider

We explore the discovery potential of Higgs pair production at a 100 TeV collider via full leptonic mode. The same mode can be explored at the LHC when Higgs pair production is enhanced by new physics. We examine two types of fully leptonic final states and propose a partial reconstruction method. The reconstruction method can reconstruct some kinematic observables. It is found that the $m_{T2}$ variable determined by this reconstruction method and the reconstructed visible Higgs mass are important and crucial to discriminate the signal and background events. It is also noticed that a new variable, denoted as $\Delta m$ which is defined as the mass difference of two possible combinations, is very useful as a discriminant. We also investigate the interplay between the direct measurements of $t\bar{t} h$ couplings and other related couplings and trilinear Higgs coupling at hadron colliders and electron-positron colliders

Neuropilin-2 in pancreatic cancer and Semaphorin-3F as a treatment

INTRODUCTION: Pancreatic cancer remains the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths with approximately 5% five-year survival and 3 months of median survival. The survival rate of pancreatic cancer has not improved substantially over the past 40 years. Therefore, a novel potential treatment for pancreatic cancer is urgently needed. Recently, a cell surface receptor, Neuropilin-2 (NRP-2), was found to competitively bind either stimulatory angiogenic ligands such as vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGFA) or inhibitory class 3 Semaphorin-3F (SEMA3F) ligands. Knowing that angiogenesis is necessary for pancreatic tumor growth, elucidating the role of NRP2 in angiogenesis may lead to curative treatment for pancreatic cancer. OBJECTIVES: Previously, NRP-2 has been shown to be expressed by human cells of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), one of the most lethal forms of pancreatic cancer. Additionally, knockdown of NRP-2 in vivo inhibited PDAC tumorigenesis. In our current study, we aimed to investigate the role of endothelial cell derived-Nrp-2 in PDAC-associated tumor angiogenesis. Furthermore, we studied the efficacy of SEMA3F as a potential inhibitory factor for pancreatic tumor growth. METHODS: To investigate the role of Nrp-2 in tumor-derived angiogenesis, we injected Panc0H7 cells, a C57BL/6 syngeneic mouse PDAC cell line, orthotopically into the pancreas of Nrp-2+/+, Nrp-2+/-, and Nrp-2 -/- mice and compared tumor growth and angiogenesis. We next injected control adenovirus (Ad-control) or SEMA3F adenovirus (Ad-3F), which actively encodes SEMA3F in vivo, followed by orthotopic injection of Panc0H7 cells into C57BL/6 mice three days later. We studied the efficacy of SEMA3F as a potential treatment for pancreatic cancer by comparing the tumor growth and tumor-associated angiogenesis of the two groups of adenovirus-treated mice. RESULTS: Our results showed that Panc0H7 tumors were significantly smaller in Nrp-2-deficient mice as compared to that of Nrp-2-intact mice. Furthermore, tumor microvessel density was significantly lower in Nrp-2-knockout mice compared to wild-type mice, while there was no difference in tumor weight or angiogenesis between wild-type and Nrp2 heterozygous mice. Our results also demonstrated that pancreatic tumors harvested from SEMA3F-treated mice were significantly smaller than the tumors from the control-treated mice. Furthermore, micrometastases were detected in the livers of mice treated with Ad-control but not in the Ad-3F group. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, our results suggested that NRP2 might facilitate in vivo angiogenesis and tumor growth. Furthermore, SEMA3F could be a potential treatment to inhibit the growth and metastases of pancreatic tumors

Higgs Pair Production: Improved Description by Matrix Element Matching

Higgs pair production is crucial for measuring the Higgs boson self-coupling. The dominant channel at hadron colliders is gluon fusion via heavy-quark loops. We present the results of a fully exclusive simulation of gluon fusion Higgs pair production based on the matrix elements for hh + 0, 1 partons including full heavy-quark loop dependence, matched to a parton shower. We examine and validate this new description by comparing it with (a) Higgs Effective Theory predictions, (b) exact hh + 0-parton sample showered by pythia, and (c) exact hh+1-parton distributions, by looking at the most relevant kinematic distributions, such as PTh, PThh, Mhh spectra, and jet rate as well. We find that matched samples provide an state-of-the-art accurate exclusive description of the final state. The relevant LHE files for Higgs pair productions at the LHC can be accessed via http://hepfarm02.phy.pku.edu.cn/foswiki/CMS/HH, which can be used for relevant experimental analysis.Comment: accepted version in Phys. Rev. D. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1110.172

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FEE INCOME AND NET INTEREST MARGIN AMONG US BANKS

This paper examines the relationship between fee income and net interest margins of banks. We use a sample of banks in the US over the period 1986-2012, and combine the Panel VAR with the GMM method. We find that changes in fee income have no impact on changes in net interest margins. However, a decrease in net interest margins is followed by an increase in fee income in the subsequent year. This result is more pronounced for large banks after the passage of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act in 1999, which increased banks’ ability to generate fee income. We conclude that large banks can increase their fee income to offset the decrease in net interest margins

Efficient Numerical Evaluation of Feynman Integral

Feynman loop integrals are a key ingredient for the calculation of higher order radiation effects, and are responsible for reliable and accurate theoretical prediction. We improve the efficiency of numerical integration in sector decomposition by implementing a quasi-Monte Carlo method associated with the CUDA/GPU technique. For demonstration we present the results of several Feynman integrals up to two loops in both Euclidean and physical kinematic regions in comparison with those obtained from FIESTA3. It is shown that both planar and non-planar two-loop master integrals in the physical kinematic region can be evaluated in less than half a minute with $\mathcal{O}(10^{-3})$ accuracy, which makes the direct numerical approach viable for precise investigation of higher order effects in multi-loop processes, e.g. the next-to-leading order QCD effect in Higgs pair production via gluon fusion with a finite top quark mass.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, published in Chinese Physics

Thermodynamic formalism for correspondences

In this work, we investigate the Variational Principle and develop a thermodynamic formalism for correspondences. We define the measure-theoretic entropy for transition probability kernels and topological pressure for correspondences. Based on these two notions, we establish the following results: The Variational Principle holds and equilibrium states exist for continuous potential functions, provided that the correspondence satisfies some expansion property called forward expansiveness. If, in addition, the correspondence satisfies the specification property and the potential function is Bowen summable, then the equilibrium state is unique. On the other hand, for a distance-expanding, open, strongly transitive correspondence and a H\"{o}lder continuous potential function, there exists a unique equilibrium state, and the backward orbits are equidistributed. Furthermore, we investigate the Variational Principle for general correspondences. In conformal dynamics, we establish the Variational Principle for the Lee--Lyubich--Markorov--Mazor--Mukherjee anti-holomorphic correspondences, which are matings of some anti-holomorphic rational maps with anti-Hecke groups and not forward expansive. We also show a Ruelle--Perron--Frobenius Theorem for a family of hyperbolic holomorphic correspondences of the form $\boldsymbol{f}_c (z)= z^{q/p}+c$.Comment: 100 pages. Reformatted, polished, Index added, typos correcte

Effect of pH, Temperature, Dissolved Oxygen, and Flow Rate of Overlying Water on Heavy Metals Release from Storm Sewer Sediments

The concentrations and the amount of cumulative release of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Cd, Cr, and Pb) in contaminated sediments collected from combined sewer system were investigated in order to provide a complete overview of the key variables affecting the heavy metals release from storm sewer sediments. The heavy metals release rates were affected to a much greater extent in the low pH (4–7) condition than in high pH (8–10) condition. At higher temperature (30–35°C) the release rates of metals were increased more rapidly than at low temperature. The release of Zn, Cu, Cr, and Pb appeared to increase under the aerobic condition during the first 150 min and then the concentration kept stable. Moreover, the adsorption of these metals and the release of Cd occurred in the anaerobic condition. The flow rate significantly affected the release amount of Zn, Pb, and Cr, while it slightly affected the concentration of Cu and Cd. This study reflects that any change of pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, and flow rate of overlying water all cause the different variations of the concentrations of heavy metals