Plasma TGF-β1 level and overall survival.

<p>19.05 is the 25^th percentile of the TGF-β1 value of the entire study population.</p><p>HR was adjusted for age, sex, race, stage and CA19-9.</p

Meta-regression of smoking percent in lung cancer patients on in-allele risk estimates of <i>CHRNA3</i> gene rs1051730 (A) and <i>AGPHD1</i> gene rs8034191 (B) polymorphisms for occurrence of lung cancer.

<p>For each study, OR is shown by the middle of the blue solid circle whose upper and lower extremes represent the corresponding 95% CI. OR values were calculated for the current smokers against nonsmokers (including former smokers) when available or ex-smokers against never-smokers otherwise. The green dotted line is plotted by fitting OR and smoking percent in cases for the included studies.</p

The baseline characteristics of all qualified studies in this meta-analysis.

<p><i>Abbreviations:</i> NSCLC, non-small-cell lung cancer; SLCC, lung squamous cell carcinoma; NA, not available.</p>*<p>Mixed ethnicity included Caucasian, African-American and Hispanic.</p

MAF and functional significance of the SNPs investigated in the current study.

<p>MAF: minor allele frequency.</p><p>No variant allele was detected in the current study population.</p><p>“ = ” represents synonymous gene variants, i.e. no amino acid change.</p

Flow diagram of search strategy and study selection.

<p>Flow diagram of search strategy and study selection.</p

Funnel and filled funnel plots for studies investigating the effect of <i>CHRNA3</i> gene polymorphism rs1051730 (A and B) and <i>AGPHD1</i> gene polymorphism rs8034191 (C and D) on the risk of lung cancer.

<p>Funnel and filled funnel plots for studies investigating the effect of <i>CHRNA3</i> gene polymorphism rs1051730 (A and B) and <i>AGPHD1</i> gene polymorphism rs8034191 (C and D) on the risk of lung cancer.</p

Characteristics of the patient population (n, %).

<p>Characteristics of the patient population (n, %).</p

Overall and subgroup analyses of <i>AGPHD1</i> gene rs8034191 polymorphism with the odds of developing lung cancer under allelic and dominant models.

<p><i>Abbreviations:</i> NA, not available; OR, odds ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; NSCLC, non-small-cell lung cancer.</p>*<p>Matched on age or sex or smoking.</p

Typical Immunohistochemical staining pattern for TGF-βR2 and SMAD4 in pancreatic adenocarcinoma tumor tissues.

<p>A: Positive nuclear expression of TGF-βR2 in a moderately differentiated ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas (Magnification: 10×40). B: Positive nuclear expression of SMAD4 in moderately differentiated ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas (Magnification: 10×40).</p

Nuclear staining for TGF-βR2 and SMAD4 and association with overall survival.

<p>MST: median survival time; HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval.</p><p>HR was adjusted for age, sex, race, stage and CA19-9.</p