Sequence identities between the pheasant ARV (Reo/SDWF/Pheasant/17608/20) and reference strains of <i>Orthoreovirus</i> genus members.

Sequence identities between the pheasant ARV (Reo/SDWF/Pheasant/17608/20) and reference strains of Orthoreovirus genus members.</p

The illustrations of the homology search results for NGS reads and the sequencing coverage analysis.

A: Total NGS reads homology search result; B: The remapping of NGS raw reads to ARV 10 segments; C: The result of sequencing coverage analysis.</p

Comparison of segment 5’ and 3’ non-coding regions of the pheasant ARV (Reo/SDWF/Pheasant/17608/20) with reference strains of <i>Orthoreovirus</i> genus members.

Comparison of segment 5’ and 3’ non-coding regions of the pheasant ARV (Reo/SDWF/Pheasant/17608/20) with reference strains of Orthoreovirus genus members.</p

Genbank accession numbers of full genome segments of avian orthoreovirus (ARV) reference strains: PA05682, S1133, 138, 1733, 176, J18, BRoV, BRV, NBV, PuV, MRV1, MRV2 and MRV3.

(DOCX)</p

General genome features of a pheasant-origin avian orthoreovirus (ARV), the novel field variant of pheasant ARV (Reo/SDWF/Pheasant/17608/20).

General genome features of a pheasant-origin avian orthoreovirus (ARV), the novel field variant of pheasant ARV (Reo/SDWF/Pheasant/17608/20).</p

Phylogenetic trees constructed by avian orthoreovirus (ARV) based on nucleotide sequences of the L-class, M-class and σ-class homologous genome segments or genes.

Note: The Reo/SDWF /Pheasant/17608/20 strain was marked with a red color dot.</p

Amino acid alignment of p10 and p17 protein.

A: The p10 protein of Reo/SDWF /Pheasant/17608/20 align with the homologous protein of Reo/PA/Broiler/05682/12 (or PA05682), S1133, 1733, 138 and Reo/PA/Turkey/22342/13 (or PA22342) strains; B: The p17 protein of Reo/SDWF /Pheasant/17608/20 align with the homologous protein of Reo/PA/Broiler/05682/12 (or PA05682), S1133, 1733, 138 and Reo/PA/Turkey/22342/13 (or PA22342) strains.</p

The mVISTA method for whole genome nucleotide alignment.

Alignment result of the Reo/SDWF /Pheasant/17608/20 in comparisons with the Reo/PA/Broiler/05682/12 (or PA05682), S1133, 1733, 138, Reo/PA/Turkey/22342/13 (or PA22342) and J18 strains was illustrated; Areas in pink color represent ≥ 90% similarities; and areas in white represent < 90% similarities. The scale bar measures approximate length of the concatenated genome.</p

Epidemiological investigation of fowl adenovirus (FAdV) infections in ducks and geese in Shandong Province, China

Outbreaks of fowl adenoviruses (FAdVs) infection with the main clinical signs of hepatitis-hydropericardium-syndrome or inclusion body hepatitis have been frequently reported in ducks and geese in recent years, causing economic losses for the Chinese waterfowl industry. This study investigated 792 samples (391 fattening ducks, 192 breeder ducks and 209 fattening geese) of suspected FAdV-infected waterfowl from 38 farms (21 fattening duck farms, nine breeder duck farms and eight fattening geese farms) in Shandong Province between 2019 and 2022. The results showed a 60.23% infection rate for FAdVs (477/792), while the infection rate for breeder ducks was almost the same as that for fattening geese (55.73% vs. 54.55%). Notably, co-infection with avian influenza virus H9N2 (H9N2), Tembusu virus (TMUV), duck hepatitis virus (DHV), duck circovirus (DuCV), goose astrovirus (GAstV) and duck parvovirus (DPV)/goose parvovirus (GPV) was common among the 477 FAdVs positive cases. Phylogenetic analysis of complete hexon genes of 22 FAdV strains in Shandong Province showed the presence of four species (FAdV-A, C, D, E) and five serotypes (FAdV-1, 4, 8a, 8b, 11). These findings provide the first data on the prevalence and co-infection status of FAdVs in Shandong Province and can be used as a basis for FAdV prevention in the field. Samples of suspected FAdV-infected waterfowl from farms in Shandong Province were collected from 2019 to 2022.Single infections with FAdV were less frequent than mixed infections.477 out of 792 samples (60.23%) tested positive for FAdV nucleic acids.Detection rate of FAdV was 65.47% in fattening duck farms, 55.73% in breeder duck farms and 54.55% in fattening geese farms. Samples of suspected FAdV-infected waterfowl from farms in Shandong Province were collected from 2019 to 2022. Single infections with FAdV were less frequent than mixed infections. 477 out of 792 samples (60.23%) tested positive for FAdV nucleic acids. Detection rate of FAdV was 65.47% in fattening duck farms, 55.73% in breeder duck farms and 54.55% in fattening geese farms.</p

Negative Life Events and Antenatal Depression among Pregnant Women in Rural China: The Role of Negative Automatic Thoughts

<div><p>Background</p><p>Few studies have looked at the relationship between psychological and the mental health status of pregnant women in rural China. The current study aims to explore the potential mediating effect of negative automatic thoughts between negative life events and antenatal depression.</p><p>Methods</p><p>Data were collected in June 2012 and October 2012. 495 rural pregnant women were interviewed. Depressive symptoms were measured by the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale, stresses of pregnancy were measured by the pregnancy pressure scale, negative automatic thoughts were measured by the automatic thoughts questionnaire, and negative life events were measured by the life events scale for pregnant women. We used logistic regression and path analysis to test the mediating effect.</p><p>Results</p><p>The prevalence of antenatal depression was 13.7%. In the logistic regression, the only socio-demographic and health behavior factor significantly related to antenatal depression was sleep quality. Negative life events were not associated with depression in the fully adjusted model. Path analysis showed that the eventual direct and general effects of negative automatic thoughts were 0.39 and 0.51, which were larger than the effects of negative life events.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>This study suggested that there was a potentially significant mediating effect of negative automatic thoughts. Pregnant women who had lower scores of negative automatic thoughts were more likely to suffer less from negative life events which might lead to antenatal depression.</p></div