DeepEn2023: Energy Datasets for Edge Artificial Intelligence

Climate change poses one of the most significant challenges to humanity. As a result of these climatic changes, the frequency of weather, climate, and water-related disasters has multiplied fivefold over the past 50 years, resulting in over 2 million deaths and losses exceeding $3.64 trillion USD. Leveraging AI-powered technologies for sustainable development and combating climate change is a promising avenue. Numerous significant publications are dedicated to using AI to improve renewable energy forecasting, enhance waste management, and monitor environmental changes in real time. However, very few research studies focus on making AI itself environmentally sustainable. This oversight regarding the sustainability of AI within the field might be attributed to a mindset gap and the absence of comprehensive energy datasets. In addition, with the ubiquity of edge AI systems and applications, especially on-device learning, there is a pressing need to measure, analyze, and optimize their environmental sustainability, such as energy efficiency. To this end, in this paper, we propose large-scale energy datasets for edge AI, named DeepEn2023, covering a wide range of kernels, state-of-the-art deep neural network models, and popular edge AI applications. We anticipate that DeepEn2023 will improve transparency in sustainability in on-device deep learning across a range of edge AI systems and applications. For more information, including access to the dataset and code, please visit https://amai-gsu.github.io/DeepEn2023.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2310.1832

Calibration of YSZ Sensors for the Measurement of Oxygen Concentration in Liquid Pb-Bi Eutectic

Although liquid lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) is a good candidate for coolant in the subcritical transmutation blanket, it is known to be corrosive to stainless steel, the material of the carrying tubes and containers. Such longterm corrosion problem can be prevented by producing and maintaining a protective oxide layer on the exposed surface of stainless steel. For this purpose, it is required to accurately control the concentration of oxygen dissolved in LBE. Currently, YSZ (Yttria Stabilized Zirconia) oxygen sensors, based on an existing automotive oxygen sensor, with molten bismuth saturated with oxygen as the reference, have been selected for oxygen-concentration measurement. The oxygen concentration difference across the solid electrolyte and the resultant oxygen ion conduction inside the electrolyte establishes an electromagnetic force that is used to measure the ppb level concentration of oxygen dissolved in liquid LBE. A set of calibration curves of voltage vs. temperature ranging from 300 0C to 500 0C under various oxygen concentrations in liquid LBE for the YSZ oxygen sensor has been obtained and is presented in this paper. Although the current calibration strategy using the direct injection of hydrogen and oxygen is still inadequate to determine the oxygen concentration in the system, we have found a good candidate for our purpose, which is varying hydrogen to water steam ratio in the system

Downregulation of developmentally regulated endothelial cell locus-1 inhibits the growth of colon cancer

Developmentally regulated endothelial cell locus-1 (Del1) is an embryonic angiogenic factor expressed in early embryonic endothelial cells, but recently has been found to be expressed in some forms of cancers including colon and breast cancers, and melanoma, and human cancer cell lines. Overexpression of Del1 accelerates tumor growth by enhancing vascular formation, implying Del1 may be a potential target for anti-angiogenic cancer therapy. The study aims to investigate whether downregulation of Del1 could inhibit the growth of tumors established in nude Balb/c mice by subcutaneous implantation of human LS-174T colon cancer cells. The shRNA expression vectors targeting human Del1, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were constructed. Gene transfection of Del1-shRNA downregulated expression of Del1 in LS-174T cells in vivo and in vitro, but did not alter the proliferative or survival properties of cells in vitro. Gene transfection of VEGF-shRNA downregulated expression of both VEGF and Del1 in LS-174T cells in vivo and in vitro. Both Del1-shRNA and VEGF-shRNA gene therapies exhibited anti-tumor activities and they also showed a synergistic effect in suppressing growth of colon tumors by anti-angiogenesis and anti-proliferation. Although further investigation to clarify the mechanisms explaining the role of Del1 in tumor growth, and the interaction between VEGF and Del1, is required, the results indicate that downregulation of Del1 presents a potent therapeutic strategy to combat colon cancer

On the Injective Galois Map

Abstract Let B be a Galois extension of B G with Galois group G, and α : H −→ B H the Galois map from the set of subgroups of G to the set of subextensions of B G . Then a sufficient condition on a set with a maximal number of subgroups is given under which α is one-to-one on the set. Moreover, the collection of such sets of subgroups is computed, and thus we can determine which Galois group H is unique for the Galois extension B over B H Mathematics Subject Classification: 16S35, 16W2