Gene expression stability rankings for different growth phase in <i>A</i>. <i>paragallinarum</i> serovar B analyzed by geNorm.

<p>Gene expression stability rankings for different growth phase in <i>A</i>. <i>paragallinarum</i> serovar B analyzed by geNorm.</p

Candidate reference genes ranked by different methods in serovar A.

<p>Candidate reference genes ranked by different methods in serovar A.</p

Gene expression stability rankings for different growth phase in <i>A</i>. <i>paragallinarum</i> serovar C analyzed by geNorm.

<p>Gene expression stability rankings for different growth phase in <i>A</i>. <i>paragallinarum</i> serovar C analyzed by geNorm.</p

Gene expression stability assessed by the comparative ΔCT method.

<p>Gene expression stability assessed by the comparative ΔCT method.</p

50S ribosomal protein L33 expression analysis at different time points in stationary phase in cultures of serovar B of <i>A</i>. <i>paragallinarum</i>.

<p>Different colored columns show the relative quantification of 50S ribosomal protein L33 when normalized against reference genes at three sampling time points. <i>RecN</i> and <i>16S rRNA</i> were the two highest ranked genes, <i>gyrA</i> and <i>atpD</i> were the two highly ranked genes for cultures of serovar B of <i>A</i>. <i>paragallinarum</i> in stationary phase and <i>sodA</i> was a poorly ranked gene.</p

Information of the primers and corresponding candidate reference genes.

<p>Information of the primers and corresponding candidate reference genes.</p

Tracing sources of nitrate using water chemistry, land use and nitrogen isotopes in the Ganjiang River, China

<p>In this work, we traced sources of nitrate in the Ganjiang River, a major tributary of Yangtze River, China, by analysing the water chemistry, nitrogen isotopes and land use. Water samples from 20 sites in the main stream and tributaries were collected in the dry and wet seasons. The ranged from 0.97 to 8.60 ‰, and was significantly higher in the wet season than in the dry season, and significantly higher in tributaries than in the main stream. In the dry season, concentrations and were significantly negatively correlated with forest and grassland areas, and positively correlated with paddy field and residential area. However, most of the correlations were not significant in the wet season. The results showed that fertilizer was the main source of nitrate in the Ganjiang River, and domestic sewage was important in the dry season, but its contribution was lower than that in other rivers in the Yangtze Basin. In the wet season, the intensified nitrogen cycle caused by high temperature and the mixing effect caused by rainfall made it difficult to trace nitrate sources using and land use.</p

Copper-Catalyzed Oxidative Cyclization of 1,5-Enynes with Concomitant C–C Bond Cleavage: An Unexpected Access to 3‑Formyl-1-indenone Derivatives

A Cu(0)/Selectfluor system-mediated oxidative cyclization of 1,5-enynes with concomitant C–C bond cleavage to access 3-formyl-1-indenone derivatives is described. Preliminary mechanistic investigations disclosed that the C–C bond cleavage involved a novel water-participated oxygen-insertion β-carbon elimination through double oxycuprations

Number of channels with different thickness of dielectric slab <i>C</i>.

Number of channels with different thickness of dielectric slab C.</p

Schematic diagram of the one-dimensional distributed feedback Bragg photonic crystal structure (<i>AB</i>)^<i>N</i><i>C</i>(<i>BA</i>)^<i>N</i>, with <i>N =</i> 3.

Schematic diagram of the one-dimensional distributed feedback Bragg photonic crystal structure (AB)NC(BA)N, with N = 3.</p