On commuting Tonelli Hamiltonians: Autonomous case

We show that the Aubry sets, the Ma\~{n}\'{e} sets, Mather's barrier functions are the same for two commuting autonomous Tonelli Hamiltonians. We also show the quasi-linearity of $\alpha$-functions from the dynamical point of view and the existence of common $C^{1,1}$ critical subsolution for their associated Hamilton-Jacobi equations.Comment: 15 page

On the Performance of Turbo Signal Recovery with Partial DFT Sensing Matrices

This letter is on the performance of the turbo signal recovery (TSR) algorithm for partial discrete Fourier transform (DFT) matrices based compressed sensing. Based on state evolution analysis, we prove that TSR with a partial DFT sensing matrix outperforms the well-known approximate message passing (AMP) algorithm with an independent identically distributed (IID) sensing matrix.Comment: to appear in IEEE Signal Processing Letter

Sorting, Selection, and Transformation of the Return to College Education In China

We estimate selection and sorting effects on the evolution of the private return to schooling for college graduates during China’s reform between 1988 and 2002. We pay special attention to the changing role of sorting by ability versus budget-constraint effects as China’s education policy has changed from one in which the bulk of direct costs are paid by government for students who pass a rigid set of test to one in which freedom of choice is increasingly the rule for those who can afford to pay for tuition and living expenses while acquiring higher education. We find evidence of substantial sorting gains under the traditional system but that gains have diminished and even become negative as schooling choices widened and participation has become subject to increasing direct private costs. We take this as evidence consistent with the influence of financial constraints on decisions to attend college.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/40142/3/wp756.pd

Access to Higher Education and Inequality: The Chinese Experiment

We apply a semi-parametric latent variable model to estimate selection and sorting effects on the evolution of private returns to schooling for college graduates during China’s reform between 1988 and 2002. We find that there were substantial sorting gains under the traditional system, but they have decreased drastically and are negligible in the most recent data. We take this as evidence of growing influence of private financial constraints on decisions to attend college as tuition costs have risen and the relative importance of government subsidies has declined. The main policy implication of our results is that labor and education reform without concomitant capital market reform and government support for the financially disadvantaged exacerbates increases in inequality inherent in elimination of the traditional "wage-grid."Return to schooling, selection bias, sorting gains, heterogeneity, financial constraints, comparative advantage, China

Cardiff中心车站及周边区域更新设计初探

本研究探索更新改造Cardiff中心车站及其周边地区混乱的交通现状，从而实现该区域的可持续发展。研究以可持续思想为指导，采用多层面的研究方法，从政策控制到区域空间规划，再到城市设计，最后到技术层面，由抽象到具体，层层递进，希望通过借鉴其研究方法和技术手段，结合我国的实际情况探索具有中国特色的城市更新途径和策略