Synergistic Effect Induced High Photothermal Performance of Au Nanorod@Cu₇S₄ Yolk–Shell Nanooctahedron Particles

Au nanorod (NR) which has strong LSPR (longitudinal surface plasmon resonance) effect in near-infrared (NIR) region was introduced into the Cu₇S₄ hollow NPs to form Au NR@Cu₇S₄ yolk–shell structured nanoparticles (YSNPs) for improving the photothermal property of NPs. The optimum photothermal conversion efficiency of the as-prepared YSNPs is 68.6%. The hybrid YSNPs had the highest photothermal property compared with the equivalent used Au NR and pure Cu₇S₄ because of the synergistic effect of metal and semiconductor. In this case, the synergistic effect in YSNPs was discussed by tuning sizes of the YSNPs and the thickness of Cu₇S₄ shell. The experimental results demonstrated that the NIR photoabsorption and the photothermal conversion performance of Au NR@Cu₇S₄ YSNPs were much dependent on the geometric change of YSNPs, since the electrical field interaction between inner Au NR core and outer Cu₇S₄ shell is closely effected by the distance of two materials and thickness of out-shell, as confirmed by the 3D finite-difference time domain simulation (FDTD) theory simulation. Moreover, we proved that the hollow yolk–shell structure of the YSNPs also endowed the NPs with a large potential in drug delivery

Two Polyoxometalate-Encapsulated Two-Fold Interpenetrating <b><i>dia</i></b> Metal–Organic Frameworks for the Detection, Discrimination, and Degradation of Phenolic Pollutants

Phenols are widely used for commercial production, while they pose a hazard to the environment and human health. Thus, investigation of convenient and efficient methods for the detection, discrimination, and degradation of phenols becomes particularly important. Herein, two new polyoxometalate (POM)-based compounds, [Co2(btap)4(H2O)4][SiW12O40] (Co-POM) and [Ni2(btap)4(H2O)4][SiW12O40] (Ni-POM) (btap = 3,5-bis(triazol-1-yl)pyridine), are prepared via a hydrothermal synthesis method. The compounds show a fascinating structural feature of a POM-encapsulated twofold interpenetrating dia metal–organic framework. More importantly, besides the novel structures, the compound Co-POM realizes three functions, namely, the simultaneous detection, discrimination, and degradation of phenols. Specifically, Co-POM shows an excellent colorimetric detection performance toward phenol with a detection limit (LOD) ca. 1.32 μM, which is lower than most reported colorimetric detectors for phenol. Also, a new colorimetric sensor system based on Co-POM can discriminate phenol, 4-chlorophenol, and o-cresol with ease. Further, Co-POM exhibits a photocatalytic degradation property for 4-chlorophenol under irradiation of visible light with the highest degradation rate at 62% after irradiation for 5 h. Therefore, this work provides the first example of a POMs-based multifunctional material for achieving the detection, discrimination, and degradation of phenolic pollutants

Blood flow to the kidney during controlled hypotension (CH).

<p>Renal blood flow in the CH group decreased significantly compared with baseline at the end of the maintenance stage (T₆) and during MAP restoration (T₇–T₈). TENS significantly prevented the low perfusion to the kidney in this period. Data are presented as mean ± standard error of the mean. *<i>P</i><0.05 vs. general anesthesia (GA) group, ^▴<i>P</i><0.05 vs. basal level, n = 6 per group.</p

Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining of canine gastric mucosa after controlled hypotension (CH).

<p>The number of TUNEL-positive cells was quantified at a high magnification (×400). A significant increase in the number of TUNEL-positive cells was seen in the CH group (B) compared with the GA group (A). TENS significantly prevented the increase in TUNEL-positive cells in the TENS group (C) when compared with the GA group (D). The number of TUNEL-positive cells is presented as mean ± standard error of the mean. ^*<i>P</i><0.05 vs. GA group, ^#<i>P</i><0.05 vs. CH group, n = 6 per group. Scale bar  = 20 µm.</p

The location of all four acupuncture points.

<p><i>Hegu</i> (LI 4) is on the medial side of the thoracic limb between the second and third metacarpal bones at the midpoint of the third metacarpal bone. <i>Quchi</i> (LI 11) is on the lateral side of the thoracic limb at the lateral end of the cubital crease, halfway between the lateral epicondyle of the humerus and the biceps tendon with the elbow flexed. <i>Sanyinjiao</i> (SP 6) is On the medial side of the pelvic limb 3 cun proximal to the tip of the medial malleolus in a small depression on the caudal border of the tibia (opposite GB-39 on the lateral side). <i>Zusanli</i> (ST 36) is on the craniolateral aspect of the pelvic limb, 3 cun distal to ST-35, 0.5 cun lateral to the cranial aspect of the tibial crest, in the belly of the cranial tibialis muscle; this is a long linear point.</p

Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining of canine hippocampus after controlled hypotension (CH).

<p>The number of TUNEL-positive cells was quantified at a high magnification (×400). A stable number of TUNEL-positive cells were found in all three groups (A, B, C), and no significant statistical difference was noted between these groups (D). The number of TUNEL-positive cells is presented as mean ± standard error of the mean. n = 6 per group. Scale bar  = 20 µm.</p

Blood flow to the stomach during controlled hypotension (CH).

<p>Gastric blood flow in the CH group was significantly less than baseline levels when mean arterial pressure (MAP) was lowered to reach target pressures and during the first 10 min of maintenance (T₃–T₄). TENS significantly prevented the decreased perfusion to the stomach. During the maintenance and MAP restoration stages (T₅–T₁₀), gastric blood flow in the CH group decreased significantly regardless of the cessation of SNP infusion. TENS also effectively inhibited the hypo-perfusion to the stomach in this period. By the end of T₁₀, TENS was able to accelerate the recovery of low blood flow to the stomach caused by long-term hypotension. Data are presented as mean ± standard error of the mean. *<i>P</i><0.05 vs. GA group, ^▴<i>P</i><0.05 vs. basal level, #<i>P</i><0.05 vs. CH group, n = 6 per group.</p

Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining of canine renal tissue after controlled hypotension (CH).

<p>The number of TUNEL-positive cells was quantified at a high magnification (×400). A significant increase in the number of TUNEL-positive cells was observed in the CH group (B) compared with the GA group (A). The number of TUNEL-positive cells is presented as mean ± standard error of the mean. ^*<i>P</i><0.05 vs. GA group, n = 6 per group. Scale bar  = 20 µm.</p