Galaxy-halo size relation from Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7 and the ELUCID simulation

Based on galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7 (SDSS DR7) and dark matter haloes in the dark matter only, cosmological and constrained ELUCID simulation, we investigate the relation between the observed radii of central galaxies with stellar mass $\gtrsim 10^{8} h^{-2}{\rm M}_\odot$ and the virial radii of their host dark matter haloes with virial mass $\gtrsim 10^{10.5} h^{-1}{\rm M}_\odot$, and the dependence of galaxy-halo size relation on the halo spin and concentration. Galaxies in observation are matched to dark matter (sub-)haloes in the ELUCID simulation using a novel neighborhood subhalo abundance matching method. For galaxy 2D half-light radii $R_{50}$, we find that early- and late-type galaxies have the same power-law index 0.55 with $R_{50} \propto R_{\rm vir}^{0.55}$, although early-type galaxies have smaller 2D half-light radii than late-type galaxies at fixed halo virial radii. When converting the 2D half-light radii $R_{50}$ to 3D half-mass radii $r_{1/2}$, both early- and late-type galaxies display similar galaxy-halo size relations with $\log r_{1/2} = 0.55 \log (R_{\rm vir}/210 h^{-1}{\rm kpc}) + 0.39$. We find that the galaxy-halo size ratio $r_{1/2}/ R_{\rm vir}$ decreases with increasing halo mass. At fixed halo mass, there is no significant dependence of galaxy-halo size ratio on the halo spin or concentration.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA

The Incomplete Conditional Stellar Mass Function: Unveiling the Stellar Mass Functions of Galaxies at 0.1 < Z < 0.8 from BOSS Observations

We propose a novel method to constrain the missing fraction of galaxies using galaxy clustering measurements in the galaxy conditional stellar mass function (CSMF) framework, which is applicable to surveys that suffer significantly from sample selection effects. The clustering measurements, which are not sensitive to the random sampling (missing fraction) of galaxies, are widely used to constrain the stellar-halo mass relation (SHMR). By incorporating a missing fraction (incompleteness) component into the CSMF model (ICSMF), we use the incomplete stellar mass function and galaxy clustering to simultaneously constrain the missing fractions and the SHMRs. Tests based on mock galaxy catalogs with a few typical missing fraction models show that this method can accurately recover the missing fraction and the galaxy SHMR, and hence provides us reliable measurements of the galaxy stellar mass functions. We then apply it to the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) over the redshift range of 0.110^{11}M_\odot$. We find the sample completeness for BOSS is over 80to about 30accurate measurements of the stellar mass functions for galaxies with$10^{11}M_\odot<M_*<10^{12}M_\odot$, as well as the SHMRs, over the redshift range 0.1<z<0.8 in this largest galaxy redshift survey.Comment: 18 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication in Ap

Evolution of cold streams in hot gaseous halos

In the prevailing model of galaxy formation and evolution, the process of gas accretion onto central galaxies undergoes a transition from cold-dominated to hot-dominated modes. This shift occurs when the mass of the parent dark matter halos exceeds a critical threshold known as $M_{shock}$. Moreover, cold gas usually flows onto central galaxies through filamentary structures, currently referred to as cold streams. However, the evolution of cold streams in halos with masses around $M_{shock}$, particularly how they are disrupted, remains unclear. To address this issue, we conduct a set of idealised hydrodynamic simulations. Our simulations show that (1) for a gas metallicity $Z=0.001-0.1Z_{\odot}$, cold stream with an inflow rate $\sim 3\, \rm{M_{\odot}}/yr$ per each can persist and effectively transport cold and cool gas to the central region ($< 0.2$ virial radius) in halos with mass $10^{12}\, \rm{M_{\odot}}$, but is disrupted at a radius around $0.2$ virial radius due to compression heating for halos with mass $3 \times 10^{12}\, \rm{M_{\odot}}$. (2) At $z\sim 2$, the maximum halo mass that capable of hosting and sustaining cold streams $M_{stream}$ is between $1\times 10^{12} \rm{M_{\odot}}$ and $1.5\times 10^{12}\rm{M_{\odot}}$ for gas metallicity $Z=0.001Z_{\odot}$, while for a higher gas metallicity $Z=0.1Z_{\odot}$, this value increases to $\sim 1.5\times 10^{12}\rm{M_{\odot}}$. (3) The evolution and ultimate fate of cold streams are determined primarily by the rivalry between radiative cooling and compression. Stronger heating due to compression in halos more massive than $M_{stream}$ can surpass cooling and heat the gas in cold streams to the hot ($\geq 10^6\,$ K) phase.Comment: 26 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA

Interference Mitigation for Cognitive Radio MIMO Systems Based on Practical Precoding

In this paper, we propose two subspace-projection-based precoding schemes, namely, full-projection (FP)- and partial-projection (PP)-based precoding, for a cognitive radio multiple-input multiple-output (CR-MIMO) network to mitigate its interference to a primary time-division-duplexing (TDD) system. The proposed precoding schemes are capable of estimating interference channels between CR and primary networks, and incorporating the interference from the primary to the CR system into CR precoding via a novel sensing approach. Then, the CR performance and resulting interference of the proposed precoding schemes are analyzed and evaluated. By fully projecting the CR transmission onto a null space of the interference channels, the FP-based precoding scheme can effectively avoid interfering the primary system with boosted CR throughput. While, the PP-based scheme is able to further improve the CR throughput by partially projecting its transmission onto the null space.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures, submitted to the IEEE Trans. Wireless Communications in April 201

Aggregate Interference Modeling in Cognitive Radio Networks with Power and Contention Control

In this paper, we present an interference model for cognitive radio (CR) networks employing power control, contention control or hybrid power/contention control schemes. For the first case, a power control scheme is proposed to govern the transmission power of a CR node. For the second one, a contention control scheme at the media access control (MAC) layer, based on carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA), is proposed to coordinate the operation of CR nodes with transmission requests. The probability density functions of the interference received at a primary receiver from a CR network are first derived numerically for these two cases. For the hybrid case, where power and contention controls are jointly adopted by a CR node to govern its transmission, the interference is analyzed and compared with that of the first two schemes by simulations. Then, the interference distributions under the first two control schemes are fitted by log-normal distributions with greatly reduced complexity. Moreover, the effect of a hidden primary receiver on the interference experienced at the receiver is investigated. It is demonstrated that both power and contention controls are effective approaches to alleviate the interference caused by CR networks. Some in-depth analysis of the impact of key parameters on the interference of CR networks is given via numerical studies as well.Comment: 24 pages, 8 figures, submitted to IEEE Trans. Communications in July 201