Additional file 1 of Nanoscale myelinogenesis image in developing brain via super-resolution nanoscopy by near-infrared emissive curcumin-BODIPY derivatives

Additional file 1. Additional synthesis and characterization of MyL-1, MyL-2, and MyL-3 (Fig. S1-Fig. S6). Molecular orbital energy of MyL (Fig. S7). Sphingomyelins bilayer interaction with MyL (Fig. S8). Cytotoxicity data results of MyL-1, MyL-2 and MyL-3 (Fig. S9). Photostability evaluation of MyL-1 (Fig. S10). Confocal, and its magnified 3D-STED images of tissue sections treated with MyL-1 (Fig. S11-Fig. S14) and Corresponding photophysical data (Table S1)

Two-Photon-Active Organotin(IV) Complexes for Antibacterial Function and Superresolution Bacteria Imaging

Antibacterial agents with two-photon absorption are expected to play a significant role in biomedical science. Herein, two novel organotin complexes, <b>HLSn1</b> and <b>HLSn2</b>, based on coumarin were designed, synthesized, and systematically investigated. It was found that these complexes possessed suitable two-photon-active cross sections in the near-infrared region. Moreover, complex <b>HLSn1</b> could efficiently inhibit the growth of Gram-negative <i>Escherichia coli</i> and Gram-positive <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>, especially the latter with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC; 90%) of 2 ± 0.14 μg mL^–1, which is lower than that of Kanamycin (<b>Kana</b>, 8 ± 0.42 μg mL^–1). Importantly, two-photon imaging and superresolution development of bacterial stain revealed that complex <b>HLSn1</b> can react with bacterial membranes, producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and leading to cell death. These outcomes provide promising applications in the superresolution bacteria imaging, diagnostics, and treatment of bacterial infectious

KO^<i>t</i>Bu-Mediated, Three-Component Coupling Reaction of Indoles, [60]Fullerene, and Haloalkanes: One-Pot, Transition-Metal-Free Synthesis of Various 1,4-(3-Indole)(organo)[60]fullerenes

The KO^<i>t</i>Bu-mediated three-component coupling reaction of indoles, [60]­fullerene, and haloalkane has been developed as a practical and efficient protocol for the one-pot synthesis of various 1,4-(3-indole)­(organo)[60]­fullerenes. The reaction exhibits high regioselectivity at the 3-position of indoles and the 1,4-position on the [60]­fullerene core. Furthermore, this methodology features excellent functional group tolerance, such as chloro, ester, cyano, and nitro on indole

Two-Photon Active Organotin(IV) Carboxylate Complexes for Visualization of Anticancer Action

It is still a challenge that organotin­(IV) carboxylate complexes with high-performance two-photon activity for cancer therapy. At present work, two novel organotin carboxylate complexes <b>LSn1</b> and <b>LSn2</b>, containing coumarin moiety, were rationally designed for two-photon fluorescent imaging and anticancer purpose. The complexes possessed large two-photon action cross-sections and high quantum yields. Living cells evaluation revealed that complexes <b>LSn1</b> and <b>LSn2</b> exhibited good biocompatibility and deep-tissue penetration over femtosecond laser with wavelength of 840 nm. Furthermore, the antitumor active and as well as possible mechanism of complexes <b>LSn1</b> and <b>LSn2</b> have been investigated systematically. The results indicated that complexes <b>LSn1</b> and <b>LSn2</b> could induce apoptotic cell death through a mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS elevation pathway. The present work provides a strategy for rationally designing organotin­(IV) carboxylate complexes with two-photon activity and antitumor activity

A Series of Zn(II) Terpyridine-Based Nitrate Complexes as Two-Photon Fluorescent Probe for Identifying Apoptotic and Living Cells via Subcellular Immigration

Two-photon active probe to label apoptotic cells plays a significant role in biological systems. However, discrimination of live/apoptotic cells at subcellular level under microscopy remains unachieved. Here, three novel Zn­(II) terpyridine-based nitrate complexes (<b>C1</b>–<b>C3</b>) containing different pull/push units were designed. The structures of the ligands and their corresponding Zn­(II) complexes were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. On the basis of the comprehensive comparison, <b>C3</b> had a suitable two-photon absorption cross section in the near-infrared wavelength and good biocompatibility. Under two-photon confocal microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, it is found that <b>C3</b> could target mitochondria in living cells but immigrate into the nucleolus during the apoptotic process. This dual-functional probe (<b>C3</b>) not only offers a valuable image tool but also acts as an indicator for cell mortality at subcellular level in a real-time manner

Dual-Functional Analogous <i>cis</i>-Platinum Complex with High Antitumor Activities and Two-Photon Bioimaging

Here we have designed and synthesized a novel analogous <i>cis</i>-platinum complex (TDPt) with strong two-photon absorption properties and higher stability upon laser irradiation. Interestingly, a higher cytotoxicity against three types of cancer cells compared to that of commercial <i>cis</i>-platinum was observed. The initial confocal micrographs showed that lysosomes may be the biological targets of such TDPt, except the conventional presumed DNA. This hypothesis was further confirmed by the two-photon microscopy and transmission electron microscopy micrograph. These results form an important basis for future “on-site observation” of the anticancer mechanism of the Pt­(II) complex

A Series of Zn(II) Terpyridine-Based Nitrate Complexes as Two-Photon Fluorescent Probe for Identifying Apoptotic and Living Cells via Subcellular Immigration

Two-photon active probe to label apoptotic cells plays a significant role in biological systems. However, discrimination of live/apoptotic cells at subcellular level under microscopy remains unachieved. Here, three novel Zn­(II) terpyridine-based nitrate complexes (<b>C1</b>–<b>C3</b>) containing different pull/push units were designed. The structures of the ligands and their corresponding Zn­(II) complexes were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. On the basis of the comprehensive comparison, <b>C3</b> had a suitable two-photon absorption cross section in the near-infrared wavelength and good biocompatibility. Under two-photon confocal microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, it is found that <b>C3</b> could target mitochondria in living cells but immigrate into the nucleolus during the apoptotic process. This dual-functional probe (<b>C3</b>) not only offers a valuable image tool but also acts as an indicator for cell mortality at subcellular level in a real-time manner

Assembly, Two-Photon Absorption, and Bioimaging of Living Cells of A Cuprous Cluster

A novel cuprous­(I) cluster Cu₄I₄L₄ (L = (<i>E</i>)-(4-diethylanilino-styryl)­pyridine) bearing strong two-photon absorption (TPA) was obtained using a facile assembly method, and the crystal structure has been determined. Quantum chemical calculations using time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) reveals that the combination of the organic ligands with the three-dimensional Cu₄I₄ core extends the electronic delocalization in the cluster, leading to strong two-photon absorption action. The TPA cross sections (Φσ₂) of Cu₄I₄L₄ were enhanced with increasing polarity of solvents, which is quite different from the solvent effects on TPA in the literature. Compared to its free ligand, the cluster Cu₄I₄L₄ exhibits larger peak TPA cross sections in the near-infrared region, longer fluorescence lifetimes, higher quantum yield and photostability, lower cytotoxicity, and brighter two-photon fluorescent (TPF) bioimaging. These integrated advantages make it desirable to be applied as a two-photon fluorescent probe for labeling the nucleic acids in live cells

Highly Hydrophilic, Two-photon Fluorescent Terpyridine Derivatives Containing Quaternary Ammonium for Specific Recognizing Ribosome RNA in Living Cells

A two-photon fluorescent probe (<b>J1</b>) that selectively stains intracellular nucleolar RNA was screened from three water-soluble terpyridine derivatives (<b>J1</b>–<b>J3</b>) with quaternary ammonium groups. The photophysical properties of <b>J1</b>–<b>J3</b> were systemically investigated both experimentally and theoretically, revealing that <b>J1</b>–<b>J3</b> possess large Stokes shifts and the two-photon absorption action cross sections range from 38 to 97 GM in the near-infrared region. This indicates that <b>J1</b> could specifically stain nucleoli by targeting the nucleolar rRNA from the recognition experiments in vitro, the two-photon imaging experiments, and the stimulated emission depletion in vivo. The mechanism of action in which <b>J1</b> binds to the nucleolar rRNA was researched via both experiments and molecular modeling. The high binding selectivity of <b>J1</b> to nucleolar RNA over cytosolic RNA made this probe a potential candidate to visualize rRNA probe in the living cells

Assembly, Two-Photon Absorption, and Bioimaging of Living Cells of A Cuprous Cluster

A novel cuprous­(I) cluster Cu₄I₄L₄ (L = (<i>E</i>)-(4-diethylanilino-styryl)­pyridine) bearing strong two-photon absorption (TPA) was obtained using a facile assembly method, and the crystal structure has been determined. Quantum chemical calculations using time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) reveals that the combination of the organic ligands with the three-dimensional Cu₄I₄ core extends the electronic delocalization in the cluster, leading to strong two-photon absorption action. The TPA cross sections (Φσ₂) of Cu₄I₄L₄ were enhanced with increasing polarity of solvents, which is quite different from the solvent effects on TPA in the literature. Compared to its free ligand, the cluster Cu₄I₄L₄ exhibits larger peak TPA cross sections in the near-infrared region, longer fluorescence lifetimes, higher quantum yield and photostability, lower cytotoxicity, and brighter two-photon fluorescent (TPF) bioimaging. These integrated advantages make it desirable to be applied as a two-photon fluorescent probe for labeling the nucleic acids in live cells