11 research outputs found
Light-Stimulated Synaptic Devices Utilizing Interfacial Effect of Organic Field-Effect Transistors
Synaptic transistors
stimulated by light waves or photons may offer advantages to the devices,
such as wide bandwidth, ultrafast signal transmission, and robustness.
However, previously reported light-stimulated synaptic devices generally
require special photoelectric properties from the semiconductors and
sophisticated device’s architectures. In this work, a simple
and effective strategy for fabricating light-stimulated synaptic transistors
is provided by utilizing interface charge trapping effect of organic
field-effect transistors (OFETs). Significantly, our devices exhibited
highly synapselike behaviors, such as excitatory postsynaptic current
(EPSC) and pair-pulse facilitation (PPF), and presented memory and
learning ability. The EPSC decay, PPF curves, and forgetting behavior
can be well expressed by mathematical equations for synaptic devices,
indicating that interfacial charge trapping effect of OFETs can be
utilized as a reliable strategy to realize organic light-stimulated
synapses. Therefore, this work provides a simple and effective strategy
for fabricating light-stimulated synaptic transistors with both memory
and learning ability, which enlightens a new direction for developing
neuromorphic devices
Direct Detection of Dilute Solid Chemicals with Responsive Lateral Organic Diodes
Organic
field-effect transistors (OFETs) have emerged as promising
sensors targeting chemical analytes in vapors and liquids. However,
the direct detection of solid chemicals by OFETs has not been achieved.
Here for the first time, we describe the direct detection of solid
chemical analytes by organic electronics. An organic diode structure
based on a horizontal side-by-side <i>p</i>–<i>n</i> junction was adopted and shown to be superior to OFETs
for this purpose. The diodes showed more than 40% current decrease
upon exposure to 1 ppm melamine powders. The estimated detection limit
to melamine can potentially reach the ppb range. This is the first
demonstration of an electronic signal from an interaction between
a solid and an organic <i>p</i>–<i>n</i> junction directly, which suggests that our lateral organic diodes
are excellent platforms for the development of future sensors when
direct detection of solid chemicals is needed. The approach developed
here is general and can be extended to chemical sensors targeting
various analytes, opening unprecedented opportunities for the development
of low-cost and high-performance solid chemical sensors
Graded-Band-Gap Zinc–Tin Oxide Thin-Film Transistors with a Vertically Stacked Structure for Wavelength-Selective Photodetection
Filter-free
wavelength-selective photodetectors have garnered significant
attention due to the growing demand for smart sensors, artificial
intelligence, the Internet of Everything, and so forth. However, the
challenges associated with large-scale preparation and compatibility
with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology limit
their wide-ranging applications. In this work, we address the challenges
by constructing vertically stacked graded-band-gap zinc–tin
oxide (ZTO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) specifically designed for
wavelength-selective photodetection. The ZTO thin films with various
band gaps are fabricated via atomic layer deposition (ALD) by varying
the ALD cycle ratios of zinc oxide (ZnO) and SnO2. The
ZTO film with a small Sn ratio exhibits a decreased band gap, and
the resultant TFT shows a degraded performance, which can be attributed
to the Sn4+ dopant introducing a series of deep-state energy
levels in the ZnO band gap. As the ratio of Sn increases further,
the band gap of the ZTO also increases, and the mobility of the ZTO
TFT increases up to 30 cm2/V s, with a positive shift of
the threshold voltage. The photodetectors employing ZTO thin films
with distinct band gaps show different spectral responsivities. Then,
vertically stacked ZTO (S-ZTO) thin films, with gradient band gaps
increasing from the bottom to the top, have been successfully deposited
using consecutive ALD technology. The S-ZTO TFT shows decent performance
with a mobility of 18.4 cm2/V s, a threshold voltage of
0.5 V, an on–off current ratio higher than 107,
and excellent stability under ambient conditions. The resultant S-ZTO
TFT also exhibits obviously distinct photoresponses to light at different
wavelength ranges. Furthermore, a device array of S-ZTO TFTs demonstrates
color imaging by precisely reconstructing patterned illuminations
with different wavelengths. Therefore, this work provides CMOS-compatible
and structure-compact wavelength-selective photodetectors for advanced
and integrable optoelectronic applications
Table4_Efficacy and safety of tongxinluo capsule for angina pectoris of coronary heart disease: an overview of systematic reviews and meta-analysis.doc
BackgroundTongxinluo capsule (TXLC) is a common drug for treating angina pectoris of coronary heart disease (CHD). In recent years, many systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses (MAs) have reported the efficacy and safety of TXLC for improving angina symptoms in patients with CHD. We aimed to comprehensively evaluate the existing SRs and MAs of TXLC in treating angina pectoris of CHD, summarize the evidence quality, and provide scientific evidence and recommendations.MethodsWe searched seven databases for relevant SRs/MAs published up to 1 June 2023. Two reviewers independently completed the literature retrieval, screening, and data extraction. We used A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR 2) to evaluate the methodological quality, the Risk of Bias in Systematic Reviews (ROBIS) to assess the risk of bias, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) to determine the strength of the evidence. RevMan 5.3 was used to synthesize data.ResultsWe identified 15 SRs/MAs, including 329 RCTs and 33,417 patients. According to the evaluation results of AMSTAR-2, only one SR was of high methodological quality, the others were very low. ROBIS assessment showed that one SR (6.67%) had a low risk, 3 SRs (20%) had an unclear risk, and 11 SRs (73.33%) had a high risk. We assessed 42 outcomes by the GRADE, 10 (23.81%) for moderate-quality evidence, 17 (40.48%) for low-quality evidence, and 15 (35.71%) for very-low-quality evidence. Mate-analysis showed that TXLC combined with conventional western medications improved electrocardiogram efficacy (RR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.23–1.43, P ConclusionBased on the evidence, TXLC may be effective as an adjuvant treatment for angina pectoris of CHD. However, the quality of the evidence is low, and the drug's safety must be carefully interpreted. In future studies, high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm the effectiveness and safety of TXLC.Systematic Review Registrationhttp://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier (CRD42022365372).</p
Table7_Efficacy and safety of tongxinluo capsule for angina pectoris of coronary heart disease: an overview of systematic reviews and meta-analysis.docx
BackgroundTongxinluo capsule (TXLC) is a common drug for treating angina pectoris of coronary heart disease (CHD). In recent years, many systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses (MAs) have reported the efficacy and safety of TXLC for improving angina symptoms in patients with CHD. We aimed to comprehensively evaluate the existing SRs and MAs of TXLC in treating angina pectoris of CHD, summarize the evidence quality, and provide scientific evidence and recommendations.MethodsWe searched seven databases for relevant SRs/MAs published up to 1 June 2023. Two reviewers independently completed the literature retrieval, screening, and data extraction. We used A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR 2) to evaluate the methodological quality, the Risk of Bias in Systematic Reviews (ROBIS) to assess the risk of bias, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) to determine the strength of the evidence. RevMan 5.3 was used to synthesize data.ResultsWe identified 15 SRs/MAs, including 329 RCTs and 33,417 patients. According to the evaluation results of AMSTAR-2, only one SR was of high methodological quality, the others were very low. ROBIS assessment showed that one SR (6.67%) had a low risk, 3 SRs (20%) had an unclear risk, and 11 SRs (73.33%) had a high risk. We assessed 42 outcomes by the GRADE, 10 (23.81%) for moderate-quality evidence, 17 (40.48%) for low-quality evidence, and 15 (35.71%) for very-low-quality evidence. Mate-analysis showed that TXLC combined with conventional western medications improved electrocardiogram efficacy (RR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.23–1.43, P ConclusionBased on the evidence, TXLC may be effective as an adjuvant treatment for angina pectoris of CHD. However, the quality of the evidence is low, and the drug's safety must be carefully interpreted. In future studies, high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm the effectiveness and safety of TXLC.Systematic Review Registrationhttp://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier (CRD42022365372).</p
Table5_Efficacy and safety of tongxinluo capsule for angina pectoris of coronary heart disease: an overview of systematic reviews and meta-analysis.doc
BackgroundTongxinluo capsule (TXLC) is a common drug for treating angina pectoris of coronary heart disease (CHD). In recent years, many systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses (MAs) have reported the efficacy and safety of TXLC for improving angina symptoms in patients with CHD. We aimed to comprehensively evaluate the existing SRs and MAs of TXLC in treating angina pectoris of CHD, summarize the evidence quality, and provide scientific evidence and recommendations.MethodsWe searched seven databases for relevant SRs/MAs published up to 1 June 2023. Two reviewers independently completed the literature retrieval, screening, and data extraction. We used A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR 2) to evaluate the methodological quality, the Risk of Bias in Systematic Reviews (ROBIS) to assess the risk of bias, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) to determine the strength of the evidence. RevMan 5.3 was used to synthesize data.ResultsWe identified 15 SRs/MAs, including 329 RCTs and 33,417 patients. According to the evaluation results of AMSTAR-2, only one SR was of high methodological quality, the others were very low. ROBIS assessment showed that one SR (6.67%) had a low risk, 3 SRs (20%) had an unclear risk, and 11 SRs (73.33%) had a high risk. We assessed 42 outcomes by the GRADE, 10 (23.81%) for moderate-quality evidence, 17 (40.48%) for low-quality evidence, and 15 (35.71%) for very-low-quality evidence. Mate-analysis showed that TXLC combined with conventional western medications improved electrocardiogram efficacy (RR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.23–1.43, P ConclusionBased on the evidence, TXLC may be effective as an adjuvant treatment for angina pectoris of CHD. However, the quality of the evidence is low, and the drug's safety must be carefully interpreted. In future studies, high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm the effectiveness and safety of TXLC.Systematic Review Registrationhttp://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier (CRD42022365372).</p
Table6_Efficacy and safety of tongxinluo capsule for angina pectoris of coronary heart disease: an overview of systematic reviews and meta-analysis.doc
BackgroundTongxinluo capsule (TXLC) is a common drug for treating angina pectoris of coronary heart disease (CHD). In recent years, many systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses (MAs) have reported the efficacy and safety of TXLC for improving angina symptoms in patients with CHD. We aimed to comprehensively evaluate the existing SRs and MAs of TXLC in treating angina pectoris of CHD, summarize the evidence quality, and provide scientific evidence and recommendations.MethodsWe searched seven databases for relevant SRs/MAs published up to 1 June 2023. Two reviewers independently completed the literature retrieval, screening, and data extraction. We used A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR 2) to evaluate the methodological quality, the Risk of Bias in Systematic Reviews (ROBIS) to assess the risk of bias, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) to determine the strength of the evidence. RevMan 5.3 was used to synthesize data.ResultsWe identified 15 SRs/MAs, including 329 RCTs and 33,417 patients. According to the evaluation results of AMSTAR-2, only one SR was of high methodological quality, the others were very low. ROBIS assessment showed that one SR (6.67%) had a low risk, 3 SRs (20%) had an unclear risk, and 11 SRs (73.33%) had a high risk. We assessed 42 outcomes by the GRADE, 10 (23.81%) for moderate-quality evidence, 17 (40.48%) for low-quality evidence, and 15 (35.71%) for very-low-quality evidence. Mate-analysis showed that TXLC combined with conventional western medications improved electrocardiogram efficacy (RR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.23–1.43, P ConclusionBased on the evidence, TXLC may be effective as an adjuvant treatment for angina pectoris of CHD. However, the quality of the evidence is low, and the drug's safety must be carefully interpreted. In future studies, high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm the effectiveness and safety of TXLC.Systematic Review Registrationhttp://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier (CRD42022365372).</p
Correlating Molecular Structures with Transport Dynamics in High-Efficiency Small-Molecule Organic Photovoltaics
Efficient charge transport is a key
step toward high efficiency
in small-molecule organic photovoltaics. Here we applied time-of-flight
and organic field-effect transistor to complementarily study the influences
of molecular structure, trap states, and molecular orientation on
charge transport of small-molecule DRCN7T (D1) and its analogue DERHD7T
(D2). It is revealed that, despite the subtle difference of the chemical
structures, D1 exhibits higher charge mobility, the absence of shallow
traps, and better photosensitivity than D2. Moreover, charge transport
is favored in the out-of-plane structure within D1-based organic solar
cells, while D2 prefers in-plane charge transport
DataSheet_3_Low-dose radiotherapy promotes the formation of tertiary lymphoid structures in lung adenocarcinoma.docx
PurposeA tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) refers to an organized infiltration of immune cells that is linked to a positive prognosis and improved response to immunotherapy. However, methods that promote TLS formation are limited and challenging to implement in clinical settings. In this study, we aimed to promote the formation and maturation of TLSs in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) by combining low-dose radiotherapy (LDRT) with immunotherapy.MethodsTissue sections from 198 patients who had undergone surgery were examined. Risk factors for patient survival were assessed, and the relationship between TLSs and five-year survival was analyzed. The Kras-LSL-G12D spontaneous lung cancer mouse model was used to screen the optimal irradiation dose (0/1/2 Gy whole lung irradiation) for promoting TLS formation. LDRT combined with anti-PD-1 was used to promote the formation and maturation of TLSs.ResultsTLS+, TLSHigh, TLS+GC+ and CD8High within TLS+ were associated with a favorable prognosis. LDRT increased the formation of early TLSs in the Kras-LSL-G12D lung cancer mouse model. In addition, LDRT combined with anti-PD-1 treatment can significantly improve the maturity of TLSs in mouse LUAD, resulting in greater antitumor effects. This antitumor effect was strongly associated with the number of CD8+ T cells within the TLSs.ConclusionWe successfully applied LDRT combined with PD-1 inhibitor therapy for the first time, which increased both the quantity and maturity of TLSs in lung cancer. This approach achieved a promising antitumor effect.</p
DataSheet_1_Low-dose radiotherapy promotes the formation of tertiary lymphoid structures in lung adenocarcinoma.docx
PurposeA tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) refers to an organized infiltration of immune cells that is linked to a positive prognosis and improved response to immunotherapy. However, methods that promote TLS formation are limited and challenging to implement in clinical settings. In this study, we aimed to promote the formation and maturation of TLSs in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) by combining low-dose radiotherapy (LDRT) with immunotherapy.MethodsTissue sections from 198 patients who had undergone surgery were examined. Risk factors for patient survival were assessed, and the relationship between TLSs and five-year survival was analyzed. The Kras-LSL-G12D spontaneous lung cancer mouse model was used to screen the optimal irradiation dose (0/1/2 Gy whole lung irradiation) for promoting TLS formation. LDRT combined with anti-PD-1 was used to promote the formation and maturation of TLSs.ResultsTLS+, TLSHigh, TLS+GC+ and CD8High within TLS+ were associated with a favorable prognosis. LDRT increased the formation of early TLSs in the Kras-LSL-G12D lung cancer mouse model. In addition, LDRT combined with anti-PD-1 treatment can significantly improve the maturity of TLSs in mouse LUAD, resulting in greater antitumor effects. This antitumor effect was strongly associated with the number of CD8+ T cells within the TLSs.ConclusionWe successfully applied LDRT combined with PD-1 inhibitor therapy for the first time, which increased both the quantity and maturity of TLSs in lung cancer. This approach achieved a promising antitumor effect.</p