663 research outputs found
Reaching the Oldest Population: Improving the Coverage of Service for People over 85 Years Old in Broome County
From 2000 to 2010, the population of those over 85 years old ( the oldest old) in Broome County has increased by 23.19%. However at the same time, the number of the oldest old who receive service from Broome County Office for Aging (BCOFA) has decreased by 10%. As the only department in Broome County government which provides services specifically targeting senior citizens, BCOFA may differ from the needs of those who do not and what strategies could be used to improve the service coverage for this problem
Credit risk evaluation by using nearest subspace method
AbstractIn this paper, a classification method named nearest subspace method is applied for credit risk evaluation. Virtually credit risk evaluation is a very typical classification problem to identify “good” and “bad” creditors. Currently some machine learning technologies, such as support vector machine (SVM), have been discussed widely in credit risk evaluation. But there are many effective classification methods in pattern recognition and artificial intelligence have not been tested for credit evaluation. This paper presents to use nearest subspace classification method, a successful face recognition method, for credit evaluation. The nearest subspace credit evaluation method use the subspaces spanned by the creditors in same class to extend the training set, and the Euclidean distance from a test creditor to the subspace is taken as the similarity measure for classification, then the test creditor belongs to the class of nearest subspace. Experiments on real world credit dataset show that the nearest subspace credit risk evaluation method is a competitive method
Moving P2P Live Streaming to Mobile and Ubiquitous Environment
Media streams distribution over a wired network to static hosts can be realized by Client/Server mode or Peer-to-Peer overlay networks. However, if the end hosts are mobile over heterogeneous wireless access networks, one needs to consider many operational issues such as network detection, handoff, join and leave latency, and desired level of quality of service, as well as caching. In the latest researches, one popular P2P live streaming system, called AnySee, over the wired network, has been deployed and widely used. Based on the AnySee system, this paper proposed and implemented one hybrid live streaming system, AnySee-Mobile, under wired and wireless environment. In the system, one wireless peer will be selected to act as an agent. One agent has two main functions, to request media from P2P overlay network as a normal peer, and to multicast media to WLAN as a multicast source. In this paper we study, how to elect one multicast agent in WLAN. Several experimentations have been made and proved that the system has good user experiences and performances
Intercellular protein–protein interactions at synapses
Chemical synapses are asymmetric intercellular junctions through which neurons send nerve impulses to communicate with other neurons or excitable cells. The appropriate formation of synapses, both spatially and temporally, is essential for brain function and depends on the intercellular protein-protein interactions of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) at synaptic clefts. The CAM proteins link pre- and post-synaptic sites, and play essential roles in promoting synapse formation and maturation, maintaining synapse number and type, accumulating neurotransmitter receptors and ion channels, controlling neuronal differentiation, and even regulating synaptic plasticity directly. Alteration of the interactions of CAMs leads to structural and functional impairments, which results in many neurological disorders, such as autism, Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the functions of CAMs during development and in the mature neural system, as well as in the pathogenesis of some neurological disorders. Here, we review the function of the major classes of CAMs, and how dysfunction of CAMs relates to several neurological disorders.Cell BiologySCI(E)ä¸ĺ›˝ç§‘ĺ¦ĺĽ•ć–‡ć•°ćŤ®ĺş“(CSCD)[email protected]; [email protected]
Abyss Aerosols
Bubble bursting on water surfaces is believed to be a main mechanism to
produce submicron drops, including sea spray aerosols, which play a critical
role in forming cloud and transferring various biological and chemical
substances from water to the air. Over the past century, drops production
mechanisms from bubble bursting have been extensively studied. They usually
involve the centrifugal fragmentation of liquid ligaments from the bubble cap
during film rupture, the flapping of the cap film, and the disintegration of
Worthington jets after cavity collapse. Here, we show that a dominant fraction
of previously identified as 'bubble bursting' submicron drops are in fact
generated via a new mechanism underwater, inside the bubbles themselves before
they have reached the surface. These drops are then carried within the rising
bubbles towards the water surface and are released in air at bubble bursting.
Evidence suggests that these drops originate from the flapping instability of
the film squeezed between underwater colliding bubbles. This finding
fundamentally reshapes our understanding of sea spray aerosol production and
establishes a new role for underwater bubble collisions regarding the nature of
transfers through water-air interfaces.Comment: 50 pages, 4 figures, and 10 extended data figure
Infrared carpet cloak designed with uniform silicon grating structure
Through a particularly chosen coordinate transformation, we propose an
optical carpet cloak that only requires homogeneous anisotropic dielectric
material. The proposed cloak could be easily imitated and realized by
alternative layers of isotropic dielectrics. To demonstrate the cloaking
performance, we have designed a two-dimensional version that a uniform silicon
grating structure fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator wafer could work as an
infrared carpet cloak. The cloak has been validated through full wave
electromagnetic simulations, and the non-resonance feature also enables a
broadband cloaking for wavelengths ranging from 1372 to 2000 nm.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figure
UniFed: A Unified Framework for Federated Learning on Non-IID Image Features
How to tackle non-iid data is a crucial topic in federated learning. This
challenging problem not only affects training process, but also harms
performance of clients not participating in training. Existing literature
mainly focuses on either side, yet still lacks a unified solution to handle
these two types (internal and external) of clients in a joint way. In this
work, we propose a unified framework to tackle the non-iid issues for internal
and external clients together. Firstly, we propose to use client-specific batch
normalization in either internal or external clients to alleviate feature
distribution shifts incurred by non-iid data. Then we present theoretical
analysis to demonstrate the benefits of client-specific batch normalization.
Specifically, we show that our approach promotes convergence speed for
federated training and yields lower generalization error bound for external
clients. Furthermore, we use causal reasoning to form a causal view to explain
the advantages of our framework. At last, we conduct extensive experiments on
natural and medical images to evaluate our method, where our method achieves
state-of-the-art performance, faster convergence, and shows good compatibility.
We also performed comprehensive analytical studies on a real-world medical
dataset to demonstrate the effectiveness
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