27 research outputs found
Data_Sheet_1_Comparison between morphometry and radiomics: detecting normal brain aging based on grey matter.docx
ObjectiveVoxel-based morphometry (VBM), surface-based morphometry (SBM), and radiomics are widely used in the field of neuroimage analysis, while it is still unclear that the performance comparison between traditional morphometry and emerging radiomics methods in diagnosing brain aging. In this study, we aimed to develop a VBM-SBM model and a radiomics model for brain aging based on cognitively normal (CN) individuals and compare their performance to explore both methods’ strengths, weaknesses, and relationships.Methods967 CN participants were included in this study. Subjects were classified into the middle-aged group (n = 302) and the old-aged group (n = 665) according to the age of 66. The data of 360 subjects from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative were used for training and internal test of the VBM-SBM and radiomics models, and the data of 607 subjects from the Australian Imaging, Biomarker and Lifestyle, the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center, and the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative databases were used for the external tests. Logistics regression participated in the construction of both models. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were used to evaluate the two model performances. The DeLong test was used to compare the differences in AUCs between models. The Spearman correlation analysis was used to observe the correlations between age, VBM-SBM parameters, and radiomics features.ResultsThe AUCs of the VBM-SBM model and radiomics model were 0.697 and 0.778 in the training set (p = 0.018), 0.640 and 0.789 in the internal test set (p = 0.007), 0.736 and 0.737 in the AIBL test set (p = 0.972), 0.746 and 0.838 in the NACC test set (p ConclusionThe radiomics model achieved better performance than the VBM-SBM model. Radiomics provides a good option for researchers who prioritize performance and generalization, whereas VBM-SBM is more suitable for those who emphasize interpretability and clinical practice.</p
Additional file 1 of Prediction of neoadjuvant chemotherapy pathological complete response for breast cancer based on radiomics nomogram of intratumoral and derived tissue
Additional file 1: Table S1. MRI parameters of each sequence. Fig. S1. Process of heatmap for dimension reduction in features. A and B The results of dimensionality reduction by correlation between features and actual clinical outcomes. C and D The result of dimensionality reduction using the correlation method between feature and feature. E and F The result of dimensionality reduction using GBDT. Table S2. Details of remaining features by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Table S3. The information of radiomics features. Table S4. The detailed information of remaining radiomics features
Biomimic Hairy Skin Tactile Sensor Based on Ferromagnetic Microwires
We present a multifunctional tactile
sensor inspired by human hairy
skin structure, in which the sensitive hair sensor and the robust
skin sensor are integrated into a single device via a pair of Co-based
ferromagnetic microwire arrays in a very simple manner. The sensor
possesses a self-tunable effective compliance with respect to the
magnitude of the stimulus, allowing a wide range of loading force
to be measured. The sensor also exhibits some amazing functions, such
as air-flow detection, material property characterization, and excellent
damage resistance. The novel sensing mechanism and structure provide
a new strategy for designing multifunctional tactile sensors and show
great potential applications on intelligent robot and sensing in harsh
environments
Lightweight and Mechanically Robust MXene/Polyimide/Silver Nanowire Composite Aerogels for Flexible Piezoresistive Sensors
Two-dimensional transition-metal carbides and nitrides
(MXenes)
show great potential in aerogel flexible piezoresistive sensors owing
to their versatile surface chemistry, high carrier mobility, outstanding
metallic conductivity, and adjustable interlayer spacing under applied
stress. However, the pure MXene aerogel exhibits significant plastic
deformation or brittle mechanical performance due to the weak interactions
between the nanosheets. Herein, a series of MXene/polyimide/silver
nanowire composite aerogels with aligned lamellar microstructure are
fabricated by bidirectional freezing and annealing strategies. The
introduction of polyimide (PI) and silver nanowires (AgNWs) significantly
improves the mechanical properties of the MXene-based aerogel. The
obtained lightweight composite aerogel shows superelasticity with
large reversible compressibility, excellent stability, and outstanding
fatigue resistance. Moreover, owing to the highly aligned lamellar
microstructure of the composite aerogel and the excellent conductivity
of MXene and AgNWs, the composite aerogel exhibits great sensing performance
with high sensitivity (gauge factor ∼27.8) and ultralow detection
limit (<0.6 Pa). Based on the MXene/PI/AgNW composite aerogels,
a series of wearable sensor applications are demonstrated
Image_1_Upregulation of hypothalamic POMC neurons after biliary diversion in GK rats.png
BackgroundBile acids are important signaling molecules that might activate hypothalamic neurons. This study aimed to investigate possible changes in hypothalamic pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons after biliary diversion in diabetic rats.MethodsTen GK rats were randomly divided into the biliary diversion (BD) and sham groups. The glucose metabolism, hypothalamic POMC expression, serum bile acid profiles, and ileal bile acid-specific receptors of the two groups were analyzed.ResultsBiliary diversion improved blood glucose (P = 0.001) and glucose tolerance (P = 0.001). RNA-Seq of the hypothalamus showed significantly upregulated expression of the POMC gene (log2-fold change = 4.1, P ConclusionsHypothalamic POMC neurons were upregulated after BD, and the increased TCA, TDCA, and the downstream gut-derived hormone FGF15 might activate POMC neurons.</p
Fiber Sedimentation and Layer-By-Layer Assembly Strategy for Designing Biomimetic Quasi-Ordered Mullite Fiber Aerogels as Extreme Conditions Thermal Insulators
Ceramic fiber aerogels are attractive thermal insulating
materials.
In a thermomechanical coupling environment, however, they often show
limited mechanical strength and considerably increased heat transfer
which can lead to thermal runaway. In this paper, inspired by bird’s
nest and nacre, we demonstrate a sample strategy combining fiber sedimentation
and layer-by-layer assembly to fabricate ultrastrong mullite fiber
aerogels (MFAs) with quasi-ordered structures. The fibrous layers
and fiber bridges are constructed in a fiber sedimentation self-assembly
process. The fiber sedimentation technique optimizes the structure
of the MFAs by regulating the fiber orientation. Owing to the quasi-ordered
structure, the fabricated MFAs exhibit the integrated properties of
high compression fatigue resistance, temperature-invariant compression
resilience from −196 to 1300 °C, and low thermal conductivity
(0.034 W·m–1·K–1). By
deliberately pressing multilayer MFAs into a thin paper, we substantially
enhance the load-bearing capacity of the MFAs and achieve large temperature
differences (563 °C) between the cold and hot surfaces by using
a thin layer of MFAs (3–5 mm) under the simulated high-temperature
(685 °C) and high-pressure (0.9 MPa) environment test. The combination
of compression resistance, mechanical flexibility, and excellent thermal
insulation provides an appealing material for efficient thermal insulation
in extreme environments
Fiber Sedimentation and Layer-By-Layer Assembly Strategy for Designing Biomimetic Quasi-Ordered Mullite Fiber Aerogels as Extreme Conditions Thermal Insulators
Ceramic fiber aerogels are attractive thermal insulating
materials.
In a thermomechanical coupling environment, however, they often show
limited mechanical strength and considerably increased heat transfer
which can lead to thermal runaway. In this paper, inspired by bird’s
nest and nacre, we demonstrate a sample strategy combining fiber sedimentation
and layer-by-layer assembly to fabricate ultrastrong mullite fiber
aerogels (MFAs) with quasi-ordered structures. The fibrous layers
and fiber bridges are constructed in a fiber sedimentation self-assembly
process. The fiber sedimentation technique optimizes the structure
of the MFAs by regulating the fiber orientation. Owing to the quasi-ordered
structure, the fabricated MFAs exhibit the integrated properties of
high compression fatigue resistance, temperature-invariant compression
resilience from −196 to 1300 °C, and low thermal conductivity
(0.034 W·m–1·K–1). By
deliberately pressing multilayer MFAs into a thin paper, we substantially
enhance the load-bearing capacity of the MFAs and achieve large temperature
differences (563 °C) between the cold and hot surfaces by using
a thin layer of MFAs (3–5 mm) under the simulated high-temperature
(685 °C) and high-pressure (0.9 MPa) environment test. The combination
of compression resistance, mechanical flexibility, and excellent thermal
insulation provides an appealing material for efficient thermal insulation
in extreme environments
Fiber Sedimentation and Layer-By-Layer Assembly Strategy for Designing Biomimetic Quasi-Ordered Mullite Fiber Aerogels as Extreme Conditions Thermal Insulators
Ceramic fiber aerogels are attractive thermal insulating
materials.
In a thermomechanical coupling environment, however, they often show
limited mechanical strength and considerably increased heat transfer
which can lead to thermal runaway. In this paper, inspired by bird’s
nest and nacre, we demonstrate a sample strategy combining fiber sedimentation
and layer-by-layer assembly to fabricate ultrastrong mullite fiber
aerogels (MFAs) with quasi-ordered structures. The fibrous layers
and fiber bridges are constructed in a fiber sedimentation self-assembly
process. The fiber sedimentation technique optimizes the structure
of the MFAs by regulating the fiber orientation. Owing to the quasi-ordered
structure, the fabricated MFAs exhibit the integrated properties of
high compression fatigue resistance, temperature-invariant compression
resilience from −196 to 1300 °C, and low thermal conductivity
(0.034 W·m–1·K–1). By
deliberately pressing multilayer MFAs into a thin paper, we substantially
enhance the load-bearing capacity of the MFAs and achieve large temperature
differences (563 °C) between the cold and hot surfaces by using
a thin layer of MFAs (3–5 mm) under the simulated high-temperature
(685 °C) and high-pressure (0.9 MPa) environment test. The combination
of compression resistance, mechanical flexibility, and excellent thermal
insulation provides an appealing material for efficient thermal insulation
in extreme environments
Fiber Sedimentation and Layer-By-Layer Assembly Strategy for Designing Biomimetic Quasi-Ordered Mullite Fiber Aerogels as Extreme Conditions Thermal Insulators
Ceramic fiber aerogels are attractive thermal insulating
materials.
In a thermomechanical coupling environment, however, they often show
limited mechanical strength and considerably increased heat transfer
which can lead to thermal runaway. In this paper, inspired by bird’s
nest and nacre, we demonstrate a sample strategy combining fiber sedimentation
and layer-by-layer assembly to fabricate ultrastrong mullite fiber
aerogels (MFAs) with quasi-ordered structures. The fibrous layers
and fiber bridges are constructed in a fiber sedimentation self-assembly
process. The fiber sedimentation technique optimizes the structure
of the MFAs by regulating the fiber orientation. Owing to the quasi-ordered
structure, the fabricated MFAs exhibit the integrated properties of
high compression fatigue resistance, temperature-invariant compression
resilience from −196 to 1300 °C, and low thermal conductivity
(0.034 W·m–1·K–1). By
deliberately pressing multilayer MFAs into a thin paper, we substantially
enhance the load-bearing capacity of the MFAs and achieve large temperature
differences (563 °C) between the cold and hot surfaces by using
a thin layer of MFAs (3–5 mm) under the simulated high-temperature
(685 °C) and high-pressure (0.9 MPa) environment test. The combination
of compression resistance, mechanical flexibility, and excellent thermal
insulation provides an appealing material for efficient thermal insulation
in extreme environments
Fiber Sedimentation and Layer-By-Layer Assembly Strategy for Designing Biomimetic Quasi-Ordered Mullite Fiber Aerogels as Extreme Conditions Thermal Insulators
Ceramic fiber aerogels are attractive thermal insulating
materials.
In a thermomechanical coupling environment, however, they often show
limited mechanical strength and considerably increased heat transfer
which can lead to thermal runaway. In this paper, inspired by bird’s
nest and nacre, we demonstrate a sample strategy combining fiber sedimentation
and layer-by-layer assembly to fabricate ultrastrong mullite fiber
aerogels (MFAs) with quasi-ordered structures. The fibrous layers
and fiber bridges are constructed in a fiber sedimentation self-assembly
process. The fiber sedimentation technique optimizes the structure
of the MFAs by regulating the fiber orientation. Owing to the quasi-ordered
structure, the fabricated MFAs exhibit the integrated properties of
high compression fatigue resistance, temperature-invariant compression
resilience from −196 to 1300 °C, and low thermal conductivity
(0.034 W·m–1·K–1). By
deliberately pressing multilayer MFAs into a thin paper, we substantially
enhance the load-bearing capacity of the MFAs and achieve large temperature
differences (563 °C) between the cold and hot surfaces by using
a thin layer of MFAs (3–5 mm) under the simulated high-temperature
(685 °C) and high-pressure (0.9 MPa) environment test. The combination
of compression resistance, mechanical flexibility, and excellent thermal
insulation provides an appealing material for efficient thermal insulation
in extreme environments