HiHGNN: Accelerating HGNNs through Parallelism and Data Reusability Exploitation

Heterogeneous graph neural networks (HGNNs) have emerged as powerful algorithms for processing heterogeneous graphs (HetGs), widely used in many critical fields. To capture both structural and semantic information in HetGs, HGNNs first aggregate the neighboring feature vectors for each vertex in each semantic graph and then fuse the aggregated results across all semantic graphs for each vertex. Unfortunately, existing graph neural network accelerators are ill-suited to accelerate HGNNs. This is because they fail to efficiently tackle the specific execution patterns and exploit the high-degree parallelism as well as data reusability inside and across the processing of semantic graphs in HGNNs. In this work, we first quantitatively characterize a set of representative HGNN models on GPU to disclose the execution bound of each stage, inter-semantic-graph parallelism, and inter-semantic-graph data reusability in HGNNs. Guided by our findings, we propose a high-performance HGNN accelerator, HiHGNN, to alleviate the execution bound and exploit the newfound parallelism and data reusability in HGNNs. Specifically, we first propose a bound-aware stage-fusion methodology that tailors to HGNN acceleration, to fuse and pipeline the execution stages being aware of their execution bounds. Second, we design an independency-aware parallel execution design to exploit the inter-semantic-graph parallelism. Finally, we present a similarity-aware execution scheduling to exploit the inter-semantic-graph data reusability. Compared to the state-of-the-art software framework running on NVIDIA GPU T4 and GPU A100, HiHGNN respectively achieves an average 41.5$\times$ and 8.6$\times$ speedup as well as 106$\times$ and 73$\times$ energy efficiency with quarter the memory bandwidth of GPU A100

Space advanced technology demonstration satellite

The Space Advanced Technology demonstration satellite (SATech-01), a mission for low-cost space science and new technology experiments, organized by Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), was successfully launched into a Sun-synchronous orbit at an altitude of similar to 500 km on July 27, 2022, from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre. Serving as an experimental platform for space science exploration and the demonstration of advanced common technologies in orbit, SATech-01 is equipped with 16 experimental payloads, including the solar upper transition region imager (SUTRI), the lobster eye imager for astronomy (LEIA), the high energy burst searcher (HEBS), and a High Precision Magnetic Field Measurement System based on a CPT Magnetometer (CPT). It also incorporates an imager with freeform optics, an integrated thermal imaging sensor, and a multi-functional integrated imager, etc. This paper provides an overview of SATech-01, including a technical description of the satellite and its scientific payloads, along with their on-orbit performance

Understanding physicians\u27 acceptance of computerized physician order entry

Computerized physician order entry (CPOE) holds potential of reducing medical errors, improving care quality, and cutting healthcare costs. Yet its success depends on physicians\u27 acceptance and usage. We test if TAM can be used to explain physician acceptance of CPOE. A survey study was conducted on physicians who have access to CPOE in a large general hospital in China. Data analyses based on 103 responses support all of the relationships predicted by TAM except the one between perceived ease of use and attitude. With additional data analyses, we find that the PEOU-attitude relationship is negatively moderated by physicians\u27 experience of using CPOE. PEOU does not affect attitude for experienced physicians, whereas when physicians are inexperienced, PEOU has a positive impact on attitude. Our findings suggest that TAM can be applied to explain physicians\u27 acceptance of CPOE, yet its application should be performed with caution. © 2008, IGI Global

User Acceptance of Computerized Physician Order Entry: An Empirical Investigation

Computerized physician order entry (CPOE) holds potential of reducing medical errors, improving care quality, and cutting healthcare costs. Yet, its success largely depends on physicians’ acceptance and subsequent usage. This study examines whether Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) can be applied to explain physician acceptance of CPOE. A survey was conducted in a large general hospital in China, and 103 data were collected from 200 physicians. The data analysis provided support for all relationships predicted by TAM but failed to support the relationship between ease of use and attitude. A follow-up analysis showed that this relationship is moderated by CPOE experience. Under the condition of high CPOE experience, perceived ease of use has no effect on attitude, whereas under the condition of low CPOE experience, perceived ease of use positively affects attitude. Implications for healthcare informatics are discussed. © 2006, IGI Global. All rights reserved

Expression of calcitonin gene-related peptide in efferent vestibular system and vestibular nucleus in rats with motion sickness.

UNLABELLED: Motion sickness presents a challenge due to its high incidence and unknown pathogenesis although it is a known fact that a functioning vestibular system is essential for the perception of motion sickness. Recent studies show that the efferent vestibular neurons contain calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). It is a possibility that the CGRP immunoreactivity (CGRPi) fibers of the efferent vestibular system modulate primary afferent input into the central nervous system; thus, making it likely that CGRP plays a key role in motion sickness. To elucidate the relationship between motion sickness and CGRP, the effects of CGRP on the vestibular efferent nucleus and the vestibular nucleus were investigated in rats with motion sickness. METHODS: An animal model of motion sickness was created by subjecting rats to rotary stimulation for 30 minutes via a trapezoidal stimulation pattern. The number of CGRPi neurons in the vestibular efferent nucleus at the level of the facial nerve genu and the expression level of CGRPi in the vestibular nucleus of rats were measured. Using the ABC method of immunohistochemistry technique, measurements were taken before and after rotary stimulation. The effects of anisodamine on the expression of CGRP in the vestibular efferent nucleus and the vestibular nucleus of rats with motion sickness were also investigated. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Both the number of CGRPi neurons in the vestibular efferent nucleus and expression level in the vestibular nucleus increased significantly in rats with motion sickness compared to that of controls. The increase of CGRP expression in rats subjected to rotary stimulation 3 times was greater than those having only one-time stimulation. Administration of anisodamine decreased the expression of CGRP within the vestibular efferent nucleus and the vestibular nucleus in rats subjected to rotary stimulation. In conclusion, CGRP possibly plays a role in motion sickness and its mechanism merits further investigation

Effects of electronic medical record in a Chinese hospital: A time series study

Background: Electronic medical record (EMR) systems have potential to improve care quality and efficiency. Yet little is known about the effects of EMR in Chinese hospitals. Objective: An inpatient EMR system was implemented in a large Chinese hospital. The objective of this research was to evaluate the impact of the EMR system on efficiency, quality, and cost of inpatient care in the hospital. Methods: A five-year (2005-2009) longitudinal dataset with monthly data involving 251 physicians and 298,760 patient visits was created by querying the hospital\u27s central database. Four key outcomes were examined: length of stay, infection rate, mortality rate, and cost per patient stay. Interrupted time series analysis was used to evaluate changes in level and slope for each outcome variable. Results: Length of stay grew at 0.027 bed-days per month in the pre-EMR period and declined at 0.043 bed-days per month in the post-EMR period. Infection rate rose at 0.036 infections per 100 patients per month in the pre-EMR period and declined at 0.062 infections per 100 patients per month in the post-EMR period. Mortality rate grew at 0.048 deaths per 1000 patients per month in the pre-EMR period and decreased at 0.005 deaths per 1000 patients per month in the post-EMR period. Cost per patient stay declined at 33 RMB per month in the pre-EMR period and increased at 16 RMB per month in the post-EMR period. Conclusions: The EMR was associated with the declining patterns of length of stay, infection rate, and mortality rate. It had no positive effect on patient costs. © 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd

Detection of novel gaseous states at the highly oriented pyrolytic graphite-water interface

We report a novel form of the gaseous state at the interface of water and highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) that is induced by local supersaturation of gas. Such local supersaturation of gas next to the HOPG substrate can be achieved by (1) displacing an organic liquid with a gentle flow of water, (2) displacing cold water (similar to 0 degrees C) with a gentle flow of warm water (similar to 40 degrees C), or (3) preheating the HOPG substrate to similar to 80 degrees C before exposing it to water at room temperature. In addition to the spherical-cap-shaped nanobubbles reported by many researchers, flat (quasi-two-dimensional, pancake-like) gas layers and nanobubble-flat gas layer composites (spherical-cap-shaped nanobubbles sitting on top of the quasi-two-dimensional gas layers) were detected. These entities disappeared after the system was subjected to a moderate level of degassing (similar to 0.1 atm for 1.5 h), and they did not form when the liquids involved in the aforementioned displacing procedure (to induce local supersaturation of gas) had been predegassed (to similar to 0.1 atm). The stability and some physical properties of these newly found gaseous states are examined

Comparison of intake volume of saccharin solution before and after rotary stimulation in the four experimental groups.

<p>A: rotary stimulation undosed; B: rotary stimulation saline dosed; C: rotary stimulation anisodamine dosed; D: control group. *<i>P</i><0.05 as compared with the before rotary stimulation respectively. The reduction in group C was significantly less than those of group A and group B in the three 24 h intervals after rotary stimulation.</p