Export-Total Factor Productivity Growth Nexus in East Asian Economies

Despite increasing interest in the relationship between trade and macroeconomic performance in development economics, very limited studies have been conducted on the causal links between exports and productivity growth in Asian economies. This paper examines empirically the interplay between exports and productivity growth for eight East Asian economies in a multivariate framework by applying bound tests and modified Wald tests. The results indicate that causality is bi-directional in the case of Korea, Singapore and Taiwan, while unidirectional from productivity to exports for Mainland China, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. These findings provide little support for the conventional export-led growth hypothesis.TFP, exports, bound tests, lag-augmented VAR, East Asian economies

Export-total factor productivity growth nexus in East Asian economies

Despite increasing interest in the relationship between trade and macroeconomic performance in development economics, very limited studies have been conducted on the causal links between exports and productivity growth in Asian economies. This paper examines empirically the interplay between exports and productivity growth for eight East Asian economies in a multivariate framework by applying bound tests and modified Wald tests. The results indicate that causality is bi-directional in the case of Korea, Singapore and Taiwan, while unidirectional from productivity to exports for Mainland China, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. These findings provide little support for the conventional export-led growth hypothesis

End-member modeling analysis of tidal flat sediments grain size and their implications for sedimentary sources from Jiangsu coast, Eastern China

582-589Sediment grain-size distributions (GSDs) provide rich information about sedimentary sources and potentially about environmental and climatic changes. However, neither traditional descriptive statistics nor curving fitting methods are able to address this complexity fully. In this study, end-member modeling analysis (EMMA) was conducted on the GSDs of tidal flat samples from the Jiangsu coast. Based on the frequency and spatial distributions of the end members (EMs), the sedimentary sources of each EM were discussed. The results show that EM1 comprises 76.07-100% of the total grain sizes between YTJ and CM3 and represents Yangtze River as a dominant supplier. EM2 comprises 50.50% to 95.6% of the total grain sizes between DF and LSG, reflecting that the coast is the transitional zone influenced by Yellow River and Yangtze River. EM3 comprises 50.33% to 100% of the total grain sizes between GHK1 and DLG, showing Yellow River as a dominant supplier. EM4 comprises 88% to 97.53% of the total grain sizes between LD1 and LD3, reflecting that the tidal flat sediments of Liandao Island were mainly from the nearshore rock weathering. Compared to the traditional method of sediment grain size analysis, EMMA can determine the EMs and provide better explanations of the sediment provenance and regional sedimentary environment in the study area

Prediction of Hydrogel Degradation Time Based on Central Composite Design

In this study, a self-degrading hydrogel was formed by free-radical-initiated copolymerization, which can be used for oil and gas well strip pressure operations. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetry-mass spectrometry (TGA-MS) were used to study the reaction mechanism as well as the microstructure of the gels. Then, the effects of the four factors and their interactions on gel degradation time were determined by central composite design (CCD). Then, the effects of copolymer concentration, cross-linker, initiator, and reaction temperature and their interactions on gel degradation time were determined by central composite design (CCD), and the corresponding second-order polynomial models were generated. Finally, the gelation conditions were optimized by a response surface methodology and verified by degradation experiments. Both FTIR and 1H NMR indicated that the gel was formed by a copolymerization reaction between the monomer and the cross-linker. SEM showed that the gel structure collapsed, which was caused by the poor mechanical properties of the gel, but it was also able to withstand some wellbore pressure and degraded more easily. TGA-MS showed that the gel possessed good degradation properties. In addition, analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the second-order polynomial model was highly significant. The results also showed that the expected values of the gelation conditions optimized by the response surface methodology did not differ significantly from the actual values. The degradation model can be used to predict the degradation time of the gel and optimization of gelation conditions. This study can help petroleum engineers in applying self-degrading gels to seal the wellbore pressure

Совершенствование маркетинговой деятельности торгового предприятия

Объектом исследования является: применяемая в настоящее время система управления маркетингом ООО "Сибирские двери". Цель работы – рассмотрение путей совершенствования маркетинговой деятельности сети магазинов "Сибирские двери".Final qualifying work contains 86 pages, 9 figures, 14 tables, 27 of the used sources, 1 app. The object of the study is currently in system of marketing management company "Siberian door." The aim of this work is the examination of ways to improve the marketing activities of the shops of "Siberian door.

Global exponential stability of generalized recurrent neural networks with discrete and distributed delays

This is the post print version of the article. The official published version can be obtained from the link below - Copyright 2006 Elsevier Ltd.This paper is concerned with analysis problem for the global exponential stability of a class of recurrent neural networks (RNNs) with mixed discrete and distributed delays. We first prove the existence and uniqueness of the equilibrium point under mild conditions, assuming neither differentiability nor strict monotonicity for the activation function. Then, by employing a new Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional, a linear matrix inequality (LMI) approach is developed to establish sufficient conditions for the RNNs to be globally exponentially stable. Therefore, the global exponential stability of the delayed RNNs can be easily checked by utilizing the numerically efficient Matlab LMI toolbox, and no tuning of parameters is required. A simulation example is exploited to show the usefulness of the derived LMI-based stability conditions.This work was supported in part by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) of the UK under Grant GR/S27658/01, the Nuffield Foundation of the UK under Grant NAL/00630/G, and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation of Germany