Construction and Application of Passenger Flow Simulation Evaluation Index System in Urban Rail Transit Transfer Stations

To popularize the efficient application of the passenger flow simulation technology in urban rail transit transfer stations, and make the simulation evaluation systematic, comprehensive and reasonable, a passenger flow simulation evaluation index system of transfer stations was constructed, based on the characteristics of transfer stations. Then the calculation method, evaluation scope and evaluation standard of each evaluation index were proposed. Finally, through Anhuaqiao station of Beijing urban rail transit, the evaluation index system and evaluation standards were verified feasible, comprehensive and effective

Does Exam-targeted Training Help Village Doctors Pass the Certified (Assistant) Physician Exam and Improve Their Practical Skills? A Cross-sectional Analysis of Village Doctors\u27 Perspectives in Changzhou in Eastern China

Background Quality of health care needs to be improved in rural China. The Chinese government, based on the 1999 Law on Physicians, started implementing the Rural Doctor Practice Regulation in 2004 to increase the percentage of certified physicians among village doctors. Special exam-targeted training for rural doctors therefore was launched as a national initiative. This study examined these rural doctors’ perceptions of whether that training helps them pass the exam and whether it improves their skills. Methods Three counties were selected from the 4 counties in Changzhou City in eastern China, and 844 village doctors were surveyed by a questionnaire in July 2012. Chi-square test and Fisher exact test were used to identify differences of attitudes about the exam and training between the rural doctors and certified (assistant) doctors. Longitudinal annual statistics (1980–2014) of village doctors were further analyzed. Results Eight hundred and forty-four village doctors were asked to participate, and 837 (99.17%) responded. Only 14.93% of the respondents had received physician (assistant) certification. Only 49.45% of the village doctors thought that the areas tested by the certification exam were closely related to the healthcare needs of rural populations. The majority (86.19%) felt that the training program was “very helpful” or “helpful” for preparing for the exam. More than half the village doctors (61.46%) attended the “weekly school”. The village doctors considered the most effective method of learning was “continuous training (40.36%)” . The majority of the rural doctors (89.91%) said they would be willing to participate in the training and 96.87% stated that they could afford to pay up to 2000 yuan for it. Conclusions The majority of village doctors in Changzhou City perceived that neither the certification exam nor the training for it are closely related to the actual healthcare needs of rural residents. Policies and programs should focus on providing exam-preparation training for selected rural doctors, reducing training expenditures, and utilizing web-based methods. The training focused on rural practice should be provided to all village doctors, even certified physicians. The government should also adjust the local licensing requirements to attract and recruit new village doctors

Effects of Unconscious Processing on Implicit Memory for Fearful Faces

Emotional stimuli can be processed even when participants perceive them without conscious awareness, but the extent to which unconsciously processed emotional stimuli influence implicit memory after short and long delays is not fully understood. We addressed this issue by measuring a subliminal affective priming effect in Experiment 1 and a long-term priming effect in Experiment 2. In Experiment 1, a flashed fearful or neutral face masked by a scrambled face was presented three times, then a target face (either fearful or neutral) was presented and participants were asked to make a fearful/neutral judgment. We found that, relative to a neutral prime face (neutral–fear face), a fearful prime face speeded up participants' reaction to a fearful target (fear–fear face), when they were not aware of the masked prime face. But this response pattern did not apply to the neutral target. In Experiment 2, participants were first presented with a masked faces six times during encoding. Three minutes later, they were asked to make a fearful/neutral judgment for the same face with congruent expression, the same face with incongruent expression or a new face. Participants showed a significant priming effect for the fearful faces but not for the neutral faces, regardless of their awareness of the masked faces during encoding. These results provided evidence that unconsciously processed stimuli could enhance emotional memory after both short and long delays. It indicates that emotion can enhance memory processing whether the stimuli are encoded consciously or unconsciously

Semi-Supervised Deep Neural Network for Network Intrusion Detection

Network security is of vital importance for corporations and institutions. In order to protect valuable computer systems, network data needs to be analyzed so that possible network intrusions can be detected. Supervised machine learning methods achieve high accuracy at classifying network data as normal or malicious, but they require the availability of fully labeled data. The recently developed ladder network, which combines neural networks with unsupervised learning, shows promise in achieving a high accuracy while only requiring a small number of labeled examples. We applied the ladder network to classifying network data using the Third International Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining Tools Competition dataset (KDD 1999). Our experiments, show the ladder network was able to achieve similar results compared to supervised classifiers while using a limited number of labeled samples

Cellular Internalization and Cytotoxicity of Aptamers Selected from Lung Cancer Cell

Abstract In this work, single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) aptamers against EGFR-transfected A549 cells, one type of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, were selected by cell-SELEX (systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment) and were evaluated. The selected aptamers had high affinity to the A549 cells with dissociation constants in the nanomolar rang. Moreover, the aptamers were able to internalize into the cells, which is advantageous over most of the other existing aptamers. One of the selected aptamers showed significant cytotoxicity by inhibiting the cell proliferation and inducing cell apoptosis. These aptamers are expected to be new molecular probes for cancer cell targeting and drug delivery

The Viscosity Characteristics for the Mixed Refrigerant HFO-1234yf + HFC-152a

Refrigerants are improved with the development of refrigeration and air conditioning industry. Because of the long-term use of chlorine-containing halogenated hydrocarbon substances, the ozone depletion and global warming become important issues around the world. Searching for refrigerants with low GWP (Global Warming Potential) and zero ODP (Ozone Depletion Potential) is urgent. HFC-134a used to be a widely used refrigerant with zero ODP. However, its high GWP of 1300 and long atmospheric lifetime of 14 years would cause the problem of global warming. Thus, for the sake of environment, the substitution of HFC-134a is imperative. In recent years, HFO-1234yf has been regarded as one of the widely used substitutions of HFC-134a because of low GWP of 4 and similar thermophysical properties to HFC-134a. However, its COP is slightly smaller than that of HFC-134a. In order to make better use of HFO-1234yf, some HFO-1234yf + HFCs or HFO-1234yf + HCs binary mixtures were proposed as alternative refrigerants. HFC-152a with low GWP of 140 and a short atmospheric lifetime of 1.5 years was selected as component in refrigerant mixtures. The mixture HFO-1234yf + HFC-152a is a promising alternative refrigerant. Before the actual application of alternative refrigerants in the refrigeration and air conditioning systems, thermophysical properties of mixed refrigerants need to be carefully investigated. Knowledge of viscosity characteristics, as one of the major concerns in the study of the thermophysical properties of alternative refrigerants, has significant impact on heat transfer and pressure drop in the flow, and viscosity data with high accuracy are of considerable value in the calculation of heat transfer and fluid flow. Â Â Â Â Â Â Thus, in this work, the measurement of liquid viscosity of the mixture was carried out with a new type of gravitational capillary viscometer developed in our previous work. The liquid viscosity experimental system used in this paper consists of a gravitational capillary viscometer made of glass, a pressure vessel with sight glasses, a thermostatic bath system and a measurement system. The measurement system consists of a high accurate temperature measure system (the standard temperature uncertainty is less than 0.011K) and a high accurate pressure measure system (the standard pressure uncertainty is within 1.4 kPa). The expanded uncertainty of dynamic viscosity was 1.58 %. The reliability of the experimental apparatus has been validated with HFO-1234yf and the binary mixture HFC-22 + HFC-134a (0.7 + 0.3, by mole fraction) in previous work. Based on this, the gravitational capillary viscometer was firstly calibrated with HCFC-22, and then, the liquid viscosity data of the binary mixture HFO-1234yf + HFC-152a (0.81 + 0.19, by mole fraction) were given from 278.15 K to 333.15 K. Two most commonly used viscosity models based on the Andrade equation were used to correlate the experimental data of the mixture HFO-1234yf + HFC-152a (0.81 + 0.19, by mole fraction). The correlation results were discussed

Strict Efficiency in Vector Optimization with Nearly Convexlike Set-Valued Maps

The concept of the well posedness for a special scalar problem is linked with strictly efficient solutions of vector optimization problem involving nearly convexlike set-valued maps. Two scalarization theorems and two Lagrange multiplier theorems for strict efficiency in vector optimization involving nearly convexlike set-valued maps are established. A dual is proposed and duality results are obtained in terms of strictly efficient solutions. A new type of saddle point, called strict saddle point, of an appropriate set-valued Lagrange map is introduced and is used to characterize strict efficiency

Unification of De Novo and Acquired Ibrutinib Resistance in Mantle Cell Lymphoma.

The novel Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor ibrutinib has demonstrated high response rates in B-cell lymphomas; however, a growing number of ibrutinib-treated patients relapse with resistance and fulminant progression. Using chemical proteomics and an organotypic cell-based drug screening assay, we determine the functional role of the tumour microenvironment (TME) in ibrutinib activity and acquired ibrutinib resistance. We demonstrate that MCL cells develop ibrutinib resistance through evolutionary processes driven by dynamic feedback between MCL cells and TME, leading to kinome adaptive reprogramming, bypassing the effect of ibrutinib and reciprocal activation of PI3K-AKT-mTOR and integrin-β1 signalling. Combinatorial disruption of B-cell receptor signalling and PI3K-AKT-mTOR axis leads to release of MCL cells from TME, reversal of drug resistance and enhanced anti-MCL activity in MCL patient samples and patient-derived xenograft models. This study unifies TME-mediated de novo and acquired drug resistance mechanisms and provides a novel combination therapeutic strategy against MCL and other B-cell malignancies

File-level defect prediction: Unsupervised vs. supervised models

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