13,696 research outputs found
An unconditionally energy stable finite difference scheme for a stochastic Cahn-Hilliard equation
In this work, the MMC-TDGL equation, a stochastic Cahn-Hilliard equation is
solved numerically by using the finite difference method in combination with a
convex splitting technique of the energy functional. For the non-stochastic
case, we develop an unconditionally energy stable difference scheme which is
proved to be uniquely solvable. For the stochastic case, by adopting the same
splitting of the energy functional, we construct a similar and uniquely
solvable difference scheme with the discretized stochastic term. The resulted
schemes are nonlinear and solved by Newton iteration. For the long time
simulation, an adaptive time stepping strategy is developed based on both
first- and second-order derivatives of the energy. Numerical experiments are
carried out to verify the energy stability, the efficiency of the adaptive time
stepping and the effect of the stochastic term.Comment: This paper has been accepted for publication in SCIENCE CHINA
Mathematic
A Framework for Phasor Measurement Placement in Hybrid State Estimation via Gauss-Newton
In this paper, we study the placement of Phasor Measurement Units (PMU) for
enhancing hybrid state estimation via the traditional Gauss-Newton method,
which uses measurements from both PMU devices and Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA) systems. To compare the impact of PMU placements, we
introduce a useful metric which accounts for three important requirements in
power system state estimation: {\it convergence}, {\it observability} and {\it
performance} (COP). Our COP metric can be used to evaluate the estimation
performance and numerical stability of the state estimator, which is later used
to optimize the PMU locations. In particular, we cast the optimal placement
problem in a unified formulation as a semi-definite program (SDP) with integer
variables and constraints that guarantee observability in case of measurements
loss. Last but not least, we propose a relaxation scheme of the original
integer-constrained SDP with randomization techniques, which closely
approximates the optimum deployment. Simulations of the IEEE-30 and 118 systems
corroborate our analysis, showing that the proposed scheme improves the
convergence of the state estimator, while maintaining optimal asymptotic
performance.Comment: accepted to IEEE Trans. on Power System
Collective modes of a harmonically trapped one-dimensional Bose gas: the effects of finite particle number and nonzero temperature
Following the idea of the density functional approach, we develop a
generalized Bogoliubov theory of an interacting Bose gas confined in a
one-dimensional harmonic trap, by using a local chemical potential - calculated
with the Lieb-Liniger exact solution - as the exchange energy. At zero
temperature, we use the theory to describe collective modes of a
finite-particle system in all interaction regimes from the ideal gas limit, to
the mean-field Thomas-Fermi regime, and to the strongly interacting
Tonks-Girardeau regime. At finite temperature, we investigate the temperature
dependence of collective modes in the weak-coupling regime by means of a
Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov theory with Popov approximation. By emphasizing the
effects of finite particle number and nonzero temperature on collective mode
frequencies, we make comparisons of our results with the recent experimental
measurement [E. Haller et al., Science 325, 1224 (2009)] and some previous
theoretical predictions. We show that the experimental data are still not fully
explained within current theoretical framework.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figure
Some aspects of global Lambda polarization in heavy-ion collisions
Large orbital angular momentum can be generated in non-central heavy-ion
collisions, and part of it is expected to be converted into final particle's
polarization due to the spin-orbit coupling. Within the framework of A
Multi-Phase Transport (AMPT) model, we studied the vorticity-induced
polarization of hyperons at the midrapidity region in
Au-Au collisions at energies GeV. Our results show
that the global polarization decreases with the collisional energies and is
consistent with the recent STAR measurements. This behavior can be understood
by less asymmetry of participant matter in the midrapidity region due to faster
expansion of fireball at higher energies. As another evidence, we discuss how
much the angular momentum is deposited in different rapidity region. The result
supports our asymmetry argument.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, CPOD 2017 proceedin
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