A γγ\gamma\gamma Collider for the 750 GeV Resonant State

Recent data collected by ATLAS and CMS at 13 TeV collision energy of the LHC indicate the existence of a new resonant state $\phi$ with a mass of 750 GeV decaying into two photons $\gamma\gamma$. The properties of $\phi$ should be studied further at the LHC and also future colliders. Since only $\phi \to \gamma\gamma$ decay channel has been measured, one of the best ways to extract more information about $\phi$ is to use a $\gamma\gamma$ collider to produce $\phi$ at the resonant energy. In this work we show how a $\gamma\gamma$ collider helps to verify the existence of $\phi$ and to provide some of the most important information about the properties of $\phi$, such as branching fractions of $\phi\to V_1V_2$. Here $V_i$ can be $\gamma$, $Z$, or $W^\pm$. We also show that by studying angular distributions of the final $\gamma$'s in $\gamma\gamma \to \phi \to \gamma\gamma$, one can obtain crucial information about whether this state is a spin-0 or a spin-2 state.Comment: ReTex, 12 page with 6 figures. Expanded discussion on distinguishing spin-0 and spin-2 cases. Several figures adde

Two-photon interference with continuous-wave multi-mode coherent light

We report two-photon interference with continuous-wave multi-mode coherent light. We show that the two-photon interference, in terms of the detection time difference, reveals two-photon beating fringes with the visibility $V = 0.5$. While scanning the optical delay of the interferometer, Hong-Ou-Mandel dips or peaks are measured depending on the chosen detection time difference. The HOM dips/peaks are repeated when the optical delay and the first-order coherence revival period of the multi-mode coherent light are the same.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figure

Medium effects on the selection of sequences folding into stable proteins in a simple model

We study the medium effects on the selection of sequences in protein folding by taking account of the surface potential in HP-model. Our analysis on the proportion of H and P monomers in the sequences gives a direct interpretation that the lowly designable structures possess small average gap. The numerical calculation by means of our model exhibits that the surface potential enhances the average gap of highly designable structures. It also shows that a most stable structure may be no longer the most stable one if the medium parameters changed.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Long-term results of clear lens extraction combined with piggyback intraocular lens implantation to correct high hyperopia

<b>AIM:</b> To assess the refractive outcome of clear lensectomy combined with piggyback intraocular lens implantation in highly hyperopic patients.<b>METHODS:</b> This case review included 19 eyes of 10 patients with high hyperopia and axial length less than 21mm. Intraocular lens power was calculated for emmetropia using the Holladay II formula in 17 eyes, and SRK/T formula in 2 eyes following clear lens extraction and piggyback intraocular lens implantation. Patients were examined periodically over 24 months for visual acuity and spherical equivalent (SE).<b>RESULTS:</b> The mean postoperative SE at 24 months was 0.20±1.39D (range, -3.00 to 2.50D), better than preoperative 9.81±2.62D (range, +6.00 to +14.50D) (<i>P</i><0.001). Five eyes had SE within ±0.5D of emmetropia and 11 eyes within ±1.00D at postoperative 24 months. The mean postoperative uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) at 24 months was 0.60±0.36, significantly improved compared to preoperative 1.39±0.33 (<i>P</i><0.001). The mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at 24 months was 0.49±0.35, not statistically different compared to preoperative 0.38±0.30 (<i>P</i>=0.34). Twelve eyes maintained and 1 gained 1 or more Snellen line of BCVA, 4 eyes lost 1 line, and 2 eyes lost 2 lines at 24 postoperative months. Twelve eyes best-corrected near visual acuity (BCNVA) achieved J1 at postoperative 24 months compared to preoperative 7 eyes and the other 7 eyes better than J3.<b>CONCLUSION:</b> Clear lens extraction combined piggyback intraocular lens implantation appears to be an effective procedure to correct high hyperopia but mild overcorrection and intralenticular opacification may require secondary procedure

NH 3 sensing property and mechanisms of quartz surface acoustic wave sensors deposited with SiO 2 , TiO 2 , and SiO 2 -TiO 2 composite films

Pristine SiO2, TiO2 and composite SiO2-TiO2 films of 200 nm thick were coated on surface of quartz acoustic wave (SAW) sensors with sol-gel and spin coating technique. Their performance and mechanisms for sensing NH3 were systematically investigated. Sensors made with the TiO2 and SiO2-TiO2 films showed positive frequency shifts, whereas SiO2 film exhibits a negative frequency shift to NH3 gas. it is believed that the negative frequency shift was mainly caused by the increase of NH3 mass loading on the sensitive film while the positive frequency shift was associated to the condensation of the hydroxyl groups (-OH) on the film making the film stiffer and lighter, when exposed to NH3 gas. It demonstrated that humidity played a significant factor on the sensing performance. Comparative studies exhibited that the sensor based on the composite SiO2-TiO2 film had a much better sensitivity to NH3 at a low concentration level (1 ppm) with a response of 2 KHz, and also showed fast response and recovery, excellent selectivity, stability and reproducibility