Visible-light promoted atom transfer radical addition-elimination (ATRE) reaction for the synthesis of fluoroalkylated alkenes using DMA as electron-donor

Here, we describe a mild, catalyst-free and operationally-simple strategy for the direct fluoroalkylation of olefins driven by the photochemical activity of an electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complex between DMA and fluoroalkyl iodides. The significant advantages of this photochemical transformation are high efficiency, excellent functional group tolerance, and synthetic simplicity, thus providing a facile route for further application in pharmaceuticals and life sciences

The peculiar filamentary HI structure of NGC 6145

In this paper, we report the peculiar HI morphology of the cluster spiral galaxy NGC 6145, which has a 150 kpc HI filament on one side that is nearly parallel to its major axis. This filament is made up of several HI clouds and the diffuse HI gas between them, with no optical counterparts. We compare its HI distribution with other one-sided HI distributions in the literature, and find that the overall HI distribution is very different from the typical tidal and ram-pressure stripped HI shape, and its morphology is inconsistent with being a pure accretion event. Only about 30% of the total HI gas is anchored on the stellar disk, while most of HI gas forms the filament in the west. At a projected distance of 122 kpc, we find a massive elliptical companion (NGC 6146) with extended radio emission, whose axis points to an HI gap in NGC 6145. The velocity of the HI filament shows an overall light-of- sight motion of 80 to 180 km/s with respect to NGC 6145. Using the long-slit spectra of NGC 6145 along its major stellar axis, we find that some outer regions show enhanced star formation, while in contrast, almost no star formation activities are found in its center (less than 2 kpc). Pure accretion, tidal or ram-pressure stripping is not likely to produce the observed HI filament. An alternative explanation is the jet-stripping from NGC 6146, although direct evidence for a jet-cold gas interaction has not been found.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figures; Accepted for publication in A

Ameliorative effect of Draba nemorosa extract on chronic heart failure in rats

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of Draba nemorosa extract (DNE) on oxidative stress and hemodynamics in rats with chronic congestive heart failure (CHF).Methods: Adriamycin was used to establish CHF in Sprague Dawley (SD) rat model. Six groups of SD rats were used in this study: control group, CHF group, captopril group (0.1 g/kg), as well as high-, medium- and low-dose DNE groups (5.2, 2.6 and 1.3 g/kg, respectively). Treatment for all groups lasted 4 weeks. Blood pressure and heart index were measured. In addition, serum creatine kinase (CK), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) were determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits.Results: In the CHF group, arterial systolic pressure (SBP, 84.22 ± 16.23 mmHg); diastolic pressure (DBP, 77.36 ± 20.29 mmHg); mean arterial pressure (MAP, 78.45 ± 10.56 mmHg); heart rate (HR, 357.18 ± 37.34 beats/min) and left ventricular systolic peak (LVSP, 102.34 ± 16.37 mmHg) were significantly decreased (p < 0.05) when compared with the control group. However, left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP, 23.38 ± 1.78 mmHg); heart index (2.74 ± 0.16 mg/g); serum CK (0.87 ± 0.15 U/mL); MDA (19.34 ± 2.57 nmol/mL), NO (38.43 ± 3.32 umol/L) and NOS (42.65 ± 3.32 U/mL) were increased. Treatment with high-dose DNE significantly ameliorated hemodynamic function, and reduced MDA (9.13 ± 2.12 nmol/mL) and NO (22.37 ± 3.16 umol/L) levels (p < 0.05). High-dose DNE also led to significant decreases in CK (0.53 ± 0.35 U/mL) and NOS (24.27 ± 3.55U/mL) in the CHF rats (p < 0.05).Conclusion: DNE significantly improves hemodynamic function in CHF rats. Thus, it has a potential for development into a new drug for clinical treatment of CHF.Keywords: Draba nemorosa, Adriamycin, Chronic heart failure, Hemodynamic function, Oxidative stres

Evaluation of Biological Toxicity of CdTe Quantum Dots with Different Coating Reagents according to Protein Expression of Engineering Escherichia coli

The results obtained from toxicity assessment of quantum dots (QDs) can be used to establish guidelines for the application of QDs in bioimaging. This paper focused on the design of a novel method to evaluate the toxicity of CdTe QDs using engineering Escherichia coli as a model. The toxicity of mercaptoacetic acid (MPA), glutathione (GSH), and L-cysteine (Cys) capped CdTe QDs was analyzed according to the heterologous protein expression in BL21/DE3, engineering Escherichia coli extensively used for protein expression. The results showed that the MPA-CdTe QDs had more serious toxicity than the other two kinds of CdTe QDs. The microscopic images and SEM micrographs further proved that both the proliferation and the protein expression of engineering Escherichia coli were inhibited after treatment with MPA-CdTe QDs. The proposed method is important to evaluate biological toxicity of both QDs and other nanoparticles

Generating scalable entanglement of ultracold bosons in superlattices through resonant shaking

Based on a one-dimensional double-well superlattice with a unit filling of ultracold atoms per site, we propose a scheme to generate scalable entangled states in the superlattice through resonant lattice shakings. Our scheme utilizes periodic lattice modulations to entangle two atoms in each unit cell with respect to their orbital degree of freedom, and the complete atomic system in the superlattice becomes a cluster of bipartite entangled atom pairs. To demonstrate this we perform $ab \ initio$ quantum dynamical simulations using the Multi-Layer Multi-Configuration Time-Dependent Hartree Method for Bosons, which accounts for all correlations among the atoms. The proposed clusters of bipartite entanglements manifest as an essential resource for various quantum applications, such as measurement based quantum computation. The lattice shaking scheme to generate this cluster possesses advantages such as a high scalability, fast processing speed, rich controllability on the target entangled states, and accessibility with current experimental techniques.Comment: 13 pages, 3 figure