A new chromone and a new aliphatic ester isolated from <i>Daldinia eschscholtzii</i>

<p>A new chromone and a new aliphatic ester were isolated from the EtOAc extract of myceliums of <i>Daldinia eschscholtzii</i>. Their structures were elucidated as (<i>R</i>)-5-hydroxy-8-methoxy-2-methylchroman-4-one (<b>1</b>) and (<i>E</i>)-6-(non-3-en-1-yl) -2<i>H</i>-pyran-2-one (<b>2</b>) by interpretation of the spectroscopic evidence.</p

Xylastriasan A, a new cytochalasan from the fungus <i>Xylaria striata</i>

<p>Xylastriasan A (<b>1</b>), a new cytochalasan alkaloid with a rare 5/6/6/5/6 pentacyclic skeleton, and ergosterol (<b>2</b>) were isolated from the ethanol extract of fruiting bodies of the fungus <i>Xylaria striata</i>. Their structures were determined by analysis of their spectroscopic data. Compound <b>1</b> exhibited weak cytotoxic activity against HEPG2, B16 and A549 cell lines with IC₅₀ values of 93.61, 85.61 and 91.58 μM, respectively. Ergosterol (<b>2</b>) potentiated pentobarbital-induced sleep by not only increasing the number of falling asleep and prolonging sleeping time but also reducing sleep latency at a dosage of 5 mg/kg.</p