1,774 research outputs found
Painlev\'e property, local and nonlocal symmetries and symmetry reductions for a (2+1)-dimensional integrable KdV equation
The Painlev\'e property for a (2+1)-dimensional Korteweg-de Vries (KdV)
extension, the combined KP3 (Kadomtsev- Petviashvili) and KP4 (cKP3-4) is
proved by using Kruskal's simplification. The truncated Painlev\'e expansion is
used to find the Schwartz form, the B\"acklund/Levi transformations and the
residual nonlocal symmetry. The residual symmetry is localized to find its
finite B\"acklund transformation. The local point symmetries of the model
constitute a centerless Kac-Moody-Virasoro algebra. The local point symmetries
are used to find the related group invariant reductions including a new Lax
integrable model with a fourth order spectral problem. The finite
transformation theorem or the Lie point symmetry group is obtained by using a
direct method.Comment: 9 page
UNDERSTANDING USERS’ WILLINGNESS TO REPORT ONLINE HARASSMENT ON SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES: THE ROLE OF EFFICACY
Online harassment is an emerging global societal problem, with its pervasiveness and persistence creating long-lasting adverse psychological consequences to victims. While many social networking sites (SNSs) have started launching online reporting systems to combat online harassment, surprisingly, little empirical research has examined users’ willingness to use the system for reporting online harassment. In this study, we propose a research model explaining the role of efficacy in using the online reporting system of SNSs to report online harassment. We expect that the results of this study make significant contributions to research and practice
Hybrid quantum device based on NV centers in diamond nanomechanical resonators plus superconducting waveguide cavities
We propose and analyze a hybrid device by integrating a microscale diamond
beam with a single built-in nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center spin to a
superconducting coplanar waveguide (CPW) cavity. We find that under an ac
electric field the quantized motion of the diamond beam can strongly couple to
the single cavity photons via dielectric interaction. Together with the strong
spin-motion interaction via a large magnetic field gradient, it provides a
hybrid quantum device where the dia- mond resonator can strongly couple both to
the single microwave cavity photons and to the single NV center spin. This
enables coherent information transfer and effective coupling between the NV
spin and the CPW cavity via mechanically dark polaritons. This hybrid
spin-electromechanical de- vice, with tunable couplings by external fields,
offers a realistic platform for implementing quantum information with single NV
spins, diamond mechanical resonators, and single microwave photons.Comment: Accepted by Phys. Rev. Applie
Black Holes and Photons with Entropic Force
We study entropic force effects on black holes and photons. We find that
application of an entropic analysis restricts the radial change of a
black hole of radius , due to a test particle of a
Schwartzchild radius moving towards the black hole by near
black body surface, to be given by a relation , or {\Delta R}/{\lambdabar_M} = {\Delta x}/{2 \lambdabar_m}. We
suggest a new rule regarding entropy changes in different dimensions, \Delta
S= 2\pi k D \Delta l /\lambdabar, which unifies Verlinde's conjecture and the
black hole entropy formula. We also propose to extend the entropic force idea
to massless particles such as a photon. We find that there is an entropic force
on a photon of energy , with , and therefore
the photon has an effective gravitational mass .Comment: 4 Latex pages, no figure
Simple scheme for expanding a polarization-entangled W state by adding one photon
We propose a simple scheme for expanding a polarization-entangled W state. By
mixing a single photon and one of the photons in an n-photon W state at a
polarization-dependent beam splitter (PDBS), we can obtain an (n+1)-photon W
state after post-selection. Our scheme also opens the door for generating
n-photon W states using single photons and linear optics.Comment: 3 pages, 2 figure
Quantum theory of electronic double-slit diffraction
The phenomena of electron, neutron, atomic and molecular diffraction have
been studied by many experiments, and these experiments are explained by some
theoretical works. In this paper, we study electronic double-slit diffraction
with quantum mechanical approach. We can obtain the results: (1) When the slit
width is in the range of we can obtain the obvious
diffraction patterns. (2) when the ratio of , order are missing in
diffraction pattern. (3)When the ratio of , there isn't missing order in diffraction pattern. (4) We
also find a new quantum mechanics effect that the slit thickness has a
large affect to the electronic diffraction patterns. We think all the
predictions in our work can be tested by the electronic double-slit diffraction
experiment.Comment: 9pages, 14figure
Control of Intestinal Inflammation, Colitis-Associated Tumorigenesis, and Macrophage Polarization by Fibrinogen-Like Protein 2
Fibrinogen-like protein 2 (Fgl2) is critical for immune regulation in the inflammatory state. Elevated Fgl2 levels are observed in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but little is known about its functional significance. In this study, we sought to investigate the role of Fgl2 in the development of intestinal inflammation and colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). Here, we report that Fgl2 deficiency increased susceptibility to dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis and CAC in a mouse model. During colitis development, the expression of the membrane-bound and secreted forms of Fgl2 (mFgl2 and sFgl2, respectively) in the colon were increased and predominantly expressed by colonic macrophages. In addition, using bone marrow chimeric mice, we determined that Fgl2 function in colitis is strictly related to its expression in the hematopoietic cells. Loss of Fgl2 induced the polarization of M1, but suppressed that of M2 both in vivo and in vitro, independent of intestinal inflammation. Thus, Fgl2 suppresses intestinal inflammation and CAC development through its role in macrophage polarization and may serve as a therapeutic target in inflammatory diseases, including IBD
Protein Kinase B (Akt) Promotes Pathological Angiogenesis in Murine Model of Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy
Akt, or protein kinase B, is an important signaling molecule that modulates many cellular processes such as cell growth, survival, and metabolism. However, the vivo roles and effectors of Akt in retinal angiogenesis are not explicitly clear. We therefore detected the expression of Akt using Western blotting or RT-PCR technologies in an animal model of oxygen-induced retinopathy, and investigated the effects of recombinant Akt on inhibiting vessels loss and Akt inhibitor on suppressing experimental retinal neovascularization in this model. We showed that in the hyperoxic phase of oxygen-induced retinopathy, the expression of Akt was greatly suppressed. In the hypoxic phase, the expression of Akt was increased dramatically. No significant differences were found in normoxic groups. Compared with control groups, administration of the recombinant Akt in the first phase of retinopathy markedly reduced capillary-free areas, while the administration of the Akt inhibitor in the second phase of retinopathy significantly decreased retinal neovascularization but capillary-free areas. These results indicate that Akt play a critical role in the pathological process (vessels loss and neovascularization) of mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy, which may provide a valubale therapeutic tool for ischemic-induced retinal diseases
Rheb1 mediates DISC1-dependent regulation of new neuron development in the adult hippocampus
Acknowledgments: We thank D. Weinberger, D. St. Clair and D. Valle for discussion, Jaden Shin for gene expression analyses, members of Ming and Song Laboratories for help and critical comments, L. Liu, Y. Cai, Q. Hussaini, and M. Jardine-Alborz for technical support. Funding: This work was supported by NIH (NS048271, MH105128), NARSAD, and MSCRF to G-l.M., by NIH (NS047344 and NS093772) and MSCRF to H.S., by NARSAD and NIH (NS093772) to K.C., and by NARSAD to E.K.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
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