Additional file 1 of Hypertension combined with limitations in activities of daily living and the risk for cardiovascular disease

Supplementary Material

Tailoring the Co 3d‑O 2p Covalency in LaCoO₃ by Fe Substitution To Promote Oxygen Evolution Reaction

LaCoO₃ is an active, stable catalyst in alkaline solution for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). With lower cost, it is a potential alternative to precious metal oxides like IrO₂ and RuO₂ in water electrolysis. However, room still remains for improving its activity according to recent understandings of OER on perovskite oxides. In this work, Fe substitution has been introduced in LaCoO₃ to boost its OER performance. Density function theory (DFT) calculation verified that the enhanced performance originates from the enhanced Co 3d-O 2p covalency with 10 at% Fe substitution in LaCoO₃. Both DFT calculations and Superconducting Quantum Design (SQUID) magnetometer (MPMS-XL) showed a Co³⁺ spin state transition from generally low spin state (LS: t_2g⁶ e_g⁰, S = 0) to a higher spin state with the effect of 10 at% Fe substitution. X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) supports DFT calculations on an insulator to half-metal transition with 10 at% Fe substitution, induced by spin state transition. The half-metallic LaCo_0.9Fe_0.1O₃ possesses increased overlap between Co 3d and O 2p states, which results in enhanced covalency and promoted OER performance. This finding enlightens a new way of tuning the metal–oxygen covalency in oxide catalysts for OER

Monolayer PtSe₂, a New Semiconducting Transition-Metal-Dichalcogenide, Epitaxially Grown by Direct Selenization of Pt

Single-layer transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) receive significant attention due to their intriguing physical properties for both fundamental research and potential applications in electronics, optoelectronics, spintronics, catalysis, and so on. Here, we demonstrate the epitaxial growth of high-quality single-crystal, monolayer platinum diselenide (PtSe₂), a new member of the layered TMDs family, by a single step of direct selenization of a Pt(111) substrate. A combination of atomic-resolution experimental characterizations and first-principle theoretic calculations reveals the atomic structure of the monolayer PtSe₂/Pt­(111). Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements confirm for the first time the semiconducting electronic structure of monolayer PtSe₂ (in contrast to its semimetallic bulk counterpart). The photocatalytic activity of monolayer PtSe₂ film is evaluated by a methylene-blue photodegradation experiment, demonstrating its practical application as a promising photocatalyst. Moreover, circular polarization calculations predict that monolayer PtSe₂ has also potential applications in valleytronics