LHC Search of New Higgs Boson via Resonant Di-Higgs Production with Decays into 4W

Searching for new Higgs particle beyond the observed light Higgs boson h(125GeV) will unambiguously point to new physics beyond the standard model. We study the resonant production of a CP-even heavy Higgs state $H^0$ in the di-Higgs channel via, $gg\to H^0\to h^0h^0\to WW^*WW^*$, at the LHC Run-2 and the high luminosity LHC (HL-LHC). We analyze two types of the $4W$ decay modes, one with the same-sign di-leptons ($4W\to\ell^\pm\nu\ell^\pm\nu 4q$) and the other with tri-leptons ($4W\to\ell^\pm\nu\ell^\mp\nu\ell^\pm\nu 2q$). We perform a full simulation for the signals and backgrounds, and estimate the discovery potential of the heavy Higgs state at the LHC Run-2 and the HL-LHC, in the context of generical two-Higgs-doublet models (2HDM). We determine the viable parameter space of the 2HDM as allowed by the theoretical constraints and the current experimental limits. We systematically analyze the allowed parameter space of the 2HDM which can be effectively probed by the heavy Higgs searches of the LHC, and further compare this with the viable parameter region under the current theoretical and experimental bounds.Comment: v3: JHEP published version, 34pp, 10 Figs(36 plots) and 9 Tables. Only minor typos fixed, references added. v2: JHEP version. All results and conclusions un-changed, discussions and references added. (This update is much delayed due to author's traveling and flu.

Probing Neutral Triple Gauge Couplings at the LHC and Future Hadron Colliders

We study probes of neutral triple gauge couplings (nTGCs) at the LHC and the proposed 100TeV $pp$ colliders, and compare their sensitivity reaches with those of proposed $e^+ e^-$ colliders. The nTGCs provide a unique window to the new physics beyond the Standard Model (SM) because they can arise from SM effective field theory (SMEFT) operators that respect the full electroweak gauge group $\rm{SU(2)}_{\rm L}\otimes\rm{U(1)}_{\rm Y}$ of the SM only at the level of dimension-8 or higher. We derive the neutral triple gauge vertices (nTGVs) generated by these dimension-8 operators in the broken phase and map them onto the conventional form factor formulation, which takes into account only the residual U(1)$_{\rm{em}}$ gauge symmetry. Using this mapping, we derive new nontrivial relations between the form factors that guarantee a truly consistent form factor formulation of the nTGVs and remove large unphysical energy-dependent terms. We then analyze the sensitivity reaches of the LHC and future 100TeV hadron colliders for probing the nTGCs via both the dimension-8 nTGC operators and the corresponding nTGC form factors in the reactions $pp(q\bar{q})\to Z\gamma$ with $Z\to\ell^+\ell^-,\nu\bar{\nu}$. We compare their sensitivities with the existing LHC measurements of nTGCs and with those of the high-energy $e^+e^-$ colliders. In general, we find that the prospective LHC sensitivities are comparable to those of an $e^+ e^-$ collider with center-of-mass energy $\leq 1$TeV, whereas an $e^+ e^-$ collider with center-of-mass energy $(3 - 5)$TeV would have greater sensitivities, and a 100TeV $pp$ collider could provide the most sensitive probes of the nTGCs.Comment: 50 pages, 19 Figs + Tables. Extended version including direct comparison with existing LHC measurements. References adde

Probing New Physics in Dimension-8 Neutral Gauge Couplings at e+e−e^+e^- Colliders

Neutral triple gauge couplings (nTGCs) are absent in the standard model effective theory up to dimension-6 operators, but could arise from dimension-8 effective operators. In this work, we study the pure gauge operators of dimension-8 that contribute to nTGCs and are independent of the dimension-8 operator involving the Higgs doublet. We show that the pure gauge operators generate both $Z\gamma Z^*$ and $Z\gamma\gamma^*$ vertices with rapid energy dependence $\propto E^5$, which can be probed sensitively via the reaction $e^+e^- \to Z\gamma$. We demonstrate that measuring the nTGCs via the reaction $e^+e^- \to Z\gamma$ followed by $Z \to q\bar{q}$ decays can probe the new physics scales of dimension-8 pure gauge operators up to the range $(1-5)$TeV at the CEPC, FCC-ee and ILC colliders with $\sqrt{s}=(0.25-1)$TeV, and up to the range $(10-16)$TeV at CLIC with $\sqrt{s}=(3-5)$TeV, assuming in each case an integrated luminosity of 5/ab. We compare these sensitivities with the corresponding probes of the dimension-8 nTGC operators involving Higgs doublets and the dimension-8 fermionic contact operators that contribute to the $e^+e^-Z\gamma$ vertex.Comment: 43pp, 9 Figs (32 plots) and 4 Tables. v4: refined Fig.9 by adding results of 5/ab integrated luminosity. v3: Only minor refinements to match online version in Science China, selected as "Editor's Focus" and "Cover Article

Probing Neutral Triple Gauge Couplings with Z∗γ (ννˉγ)Z^* \gamma\, (\nu \bar \nu \gamma) Production at Hadron Colliders

We study probes of neutral triple gauge couplings (nTGCs) via $Z^*\gamma$ production followed by off-shell decays $Z^*\to\nu\bar{\nu}$ at the LHC and future $pp$ colliders, including both CP-conserving (CPC) and CP-violating (CPV) couplings. We present the dimension-8 SMEFT operators contributing to nTGCs and derive the correct form factor formulation for the off-shell vertices $Z^*\gamma V^*$ ($V=Z,\gamma$) by matching them with the dimension-8 SMEFT operators. Our analysis includes new contributions enhanced by the large off-shell momentum of $Z^*$, beyond those of the conventional $Z\gamma V^*$ vertices with on-shell $Z\gamma$. We analyze the sensitivity reaches for probing the CPC/CPV nTGC form factors and the new physics scales of the dimension-8 nTGC operators at the LHC and future 100TeV $pp$ colliders. We compare our new predictions with the existing LHC measurements of CPC nTGCs in the $\nu\bar\nu\gamma$ channel and demonstrate the importance of our new method.Comment: Improved version (with the right version of Fig.1), typos correcte

Effects of polymer additives in the bulk of turbulent thermal convection

We present experimental evidence that a minute amount of polymer additives can significantly enhance heat transport in the bulk region of turbulent thermal convection. The effects of polymer additives are found to be the \textit{suppression} of turbulent background fluctuations that give rise to incoherent heat fluxes that make no net contribution to heat transport, and at the same time to \textit{increase} the coherency of temperature and velocity fields. The suppression of small-scale turbulent fluctuations leads to more coherent thermal plumes that result in the heat transport enhancement. The fact that polymer additives can increase the coherency of thermal plumes is supported by the measurements of a number of local quantities, such as the extracted plume amplitude and width, the velocity autocorrelation functions and the velocity-temperature cross-correlation coefficient. The results from local measurements also suggest the existence of a threshold value for the polymer concentration, only above which can significant modification of the plume coherent properties and enhancement of the local heat flux be observed. Estimation of the plume emission rate suggests that the second effect of polymer additives is to stabilize the thermal boundary layers.Comment: 8 figures, 11 page

Tissue-Specific Expression of the Chicken Calpain2 Gene

We quantified chicken calpain 2 (CAPN2) expression in two Chinese chicken breeds (mountainous black-bone chicken breed [MB] and a commercial meat type chicken breed [S01]) to discern the tissue and ontogenic expression pattern and its effect on muscle metabolism. Real-time quantitative PCR assay was developed for accurate measurement of the CAPN2 mRNA expression in various tissues from chickens of different ages (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 weeks). Results showed that the breast muscle and leg muscle tissues had the highest expression of CAPN2 compared to the other tissues from the same individual (P < .05). Overall, the CAPN2 mRNA level exhibited a “rise” developmental change in all tissues. The S01 chicken had a higher expression of the CAPN2 mRNA in all tissues than the MB chicken. Our results suggest that chicken CAPN2 expression may be related to chicken breeds and tissues

Transcriptional Regulations on the Low-Temperature-Induced Floral Transition in an Orchidaceae Species, Dendrobium nobile: An Expressed Sequence Tags Analysis

Vernalization-induced flowering is a cold-relevant adaptation in many species, but little is known about the genetic basis behind in Orchidaceae species. Here, we reported a collection of 15017 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from the vernalized axillary buds of an Orchidaceae species, Dendrobium nobile, which were assembled for 9616 unique gene clusters. Functional enrichment analysis showed that genes in relation to the responses to stresses, especially in the form of low temperatures, and those involving in protein biosynthesis and chromatin assembly were significantly overrepresented during 40 days of vernalization. Additionally, a total of 59 putative flowering-relevant genes were recognized, including those homologous to known key players in vernalization pathways in temperate cereals or Arabidopsis, such as cereal VRN1, FT/VRN3, and Arabidopsis AGL19. Results from this study suggest that the networks regulating vernalization-induced floral transition are conserved, but just in a part, in D. nobile, temperate cereals, and Arabidopsis