Advanced fuel cell based on Perovskite La-SrTiO3 semiconductor as the electrolyte with superoxide-ion conduction

A solid oxide fuel cell’s (SOFC) performance is largely determined by the ionic-conducting electrolyte. A novel approach is presented for using the semiconductor perovskite LaR0.25RSrR0.75RTiOR3R (LST) as the electrolyte by creating surface superionic conduction, and the authors show that the LST electrolyte can deliver superior power density, 908.2 mW·cmP-2P at just 550 °C. The prepared LST materials formed a heterostructure including an insulating core and a super ionic conducting surface layer. The rapid ion transport along the surfaces or grain boundaries was identified as the primary means of oxygen ion conduction. The fuel cell-induced phase transition was observed from the insulating LST to a super OP2-P conductivity of 0.221 S·cmP-1P at 550 °C, leading to excellent current and power outputs

Electrical Conductivity of LiCl–KCl–CsCl Melts

The electrical conductivities of ternary mixtures of LiCl–KCl–CsCl (<i>x</i>_LiCl = 0.575 in mole fraction) were investigated by the impedance method in a capillary cell below 723 K. It showed that the electrical conductivities of the ternary melt decreased significantly with increasing molar fraction of CsCl

Fabrication of Large-Area, High-Enhancement SERS Substrates with Tunable Interparticle Spacing and Application in Identifying Microorganisms at the Single Cell Level

The interparticle spacing of the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate has a strong relationship with its enhancement factor (EF). How to precisely adjust the interparticle gap and generate SERS substrates with excellent quality and high reliability by a facile way is still a challenge. Here, we propose a convenient and environmentally friendly method to synthesize large-area Ag SERS substrates composed of either monodisperse nanoparticles (NPs), NP-linked nanowires (NWs), NW-weaved mesoporous membrane, or NP-aggregates by simply controlling the pH value in alkaline glucose solution, and their SERS enhancements have been evaluated. In addition, the EF of the Au NW-weaved film substrate prepared by our method is one order higher than that well-known dealloyed Au nanoporous substrate. Finally, the SERS spectrum of yeast at the single cell level is successfully acquired by using the highest EF substrate composed of monodisperse Ag NPs (∼8.24 × 10⁷) in this work at a very low laser power (0.17 mW)