Peripapillary Retinal Perfusion and Stepwise Model Multivariable Associations.

<p>Peripapillary Retinal Perfusion and Stepwise Model Multivariable Associations.</p

Example of peripapillary perfusion in the non-tessellated and tessellated eyes.

<p>Disc photographs (A, D), the RNFL OCT angiograms (B, E) and the whole retinal OCT angiograms (C, F) in the eyes of non-tessellated group (A–C) and tessellated group (D–F). The dense microvascular network of RNFL and whole retina was lower in tessellated group than that of non-tessellated group.</p

The Characteristics of Peripapillary Retinal Perfusion by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Tessellated Fundus Eyes

<div><p>Purpose</p><p>To evaluate the peripapillary and perifoveal retinal perfusions of young healthy eyes with a tessellated fundus using optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography.</p><p>Methods</p><p>Thirty-five Chinese subjects with a tessellated fundus and 35 subjects without a tessellated fundus from a population-based cross-sectional study in Shanghai were included. All participants underwent OCT angiography. The flow index and vessel density were examined in the peripapillary and perifoveal retinal areas, and their relationships with other ocular parameters were analyzed.</p><p>Results</p><p>In the peripapillary area, the eyes with a tessellated fundus had a lower retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) flow index (0.055 ± 0.009 vs. 0.061 ± 0.007, P = 0.006), RNFL vessel density (61.8 ± 7.3 vs. 65.9 ± 5.2, P = 0.010), retinal flow index (0.086 ± 0.010 vs. 0.092 ± 0.008, P = 0.012), and retinal vessel density (83.7 ± 5.0 vs. 86.4 ± 3.7, P = 0.018) than the control eyes, and the difference remained significant even after adjustments were made for gender and RNFL thickness. No difference was found in the perifoveal area. Multivariable linear regression analysis showed that the retinal flow index and vessel density in the peripapillary area were significantly correlated with the tessellated fundus diagnosis (flow index: β = -0.006, P = 0.005; vessel density: β = -2.597, P = 0.006), gender (flow index: β = 0.005, P = 0.019; vessel density: β = 3.129, P = 0.002) and RNFL thickness (flow index: β = 0.000, P = 0.002; vessel density: β = 0.190, P = 0.002). The RNFL flow index and vessel density were significantly associated with the tessellated fundus diagnosis (flow index: β = -0.005, P = 0.005; vessel density: β = -3.572, P = 0.008) and the thickness of RNFL (flow index: β = 0.001, P < 0.001; vessel density: β = 0.421, P < 0.001).</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Eyes with tessellated fundus with a relative decreased peripapillary retinal perfusion compared with eyes without a tessellated fundus were observed. The findings whether indicate causality that the reduction in the peripapillary perfusion and the peripapillary atrophy in myopia, need further study.</p></div

Peripapillary and Perifoveal Retinal Perfusion in two Groups.

<p>Peripapillary and Perifoveal Retinal Perfusion in two Groups.</p

Differences between fellow eyes of acute and chronic primary angle closure (glaucoma): An ultrasound biomicroscopy quantitative study

<div><p>Purpose</p><p>To compare various biometric parameters between fellow eyes of acute primary angle closure (glaucoma) [APAC(G)] and fellow eyes of chronic primary angle closure (glaucoma) [CPAC(G)].</p><p>Methods</p><p>Ultrasound biomicroscopy examinations were performed on 47 patients with unilateral APAC(G) and 41 patients with asymmetric CPAC(G) before laser peripheral iridotomy and pilocarpine treatment. Anterior chamber depth and width (ACD and ACW), lens vault (LV), iris curvature (IC), iris root distance (IRD), trabecular-ciliary process distance (TCPD), iris-ciliary process distance (ICPD), trabecular-ciliary angle (TCA), and other biometric parameters were compared between fellow eyes of APAC(G) and fellow eyes of CAPC(G).</p><p>Results</p><p>Compared with fellow eyes of CPAC(G), fellow eyes of APAC(G) had smaller ACD (<i>P</i> < 0.001), ACW (<i>P</i> = 0.007), TCPD (<i>P</i> = 0.016), ICPD (<i>P</i> = 0.008), and TCA (<i>P</i> = 0.006), as well as larger LV (<i>P</i> = 0.002), IC (<i>P</i> = 0.012), and IRD (<i>P</i> = 0.003). On multivariate logistic regression analyses, a 0.1 mm decrease in ACD (odds ratio [OR]: 0.705, 95%CI: 0.564–0.880, <i>P</i> = 0.002), ICPD (OR: 0.557, 95%CI: 0.335–0.925, <i>P</i> = 0.024), and a 0.1 mm increase in IRD (OR: 2.707, 95%CI: 1.025–7.149, <i>P</i> = 0.045), was significantly associated with occurrence of acute angle closures.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Fellow eyes of APAC(G) had smaller anterior segment dimensions, higher LV, more posterior iris insertion, greater IC, and more anteriorly rotated ciliary body compared with fellow eyes of CPAC(G). ACD, ICPD, and IRD were the three most important parameters that distinguish eyes predisposed to APAC(G) or CPAC(G).</p></div

The determination of the parameters on an ultrasound biomicroscopy image of the horizontal perpendicular full view scans at the nasal-temporal position centered over the pupil.

<p>ACD = anterior chamber depth; ACW = anterior chamber width; LV = lens vault; PD = pupil diameter; SS = scleral spur.</p

Intra-observer and Inter-observer intra-class coefficients of the ultrasound biomicroscopy parameters.

<p>Intra-observer and Inter-observer intra-class coefficients of the ultrasound biomicroscopy parameters.</p

Ultrasound biomicroscopy images of two patients (patient A and B).

<p>A, The fellow eye of a patient with acute primary angle closure (APAC). B, The fellow eye of a patient with chronic primary angle closure (CPAC). Note that the fellow eye of APAC has smaller anterior segment dimensions (anterior chamber depth [ACD] and anterior chamber width [ACW]), higher lens vault (LV) (A1 vs. B1), greater iris curvature (IC), more posterior iris insertion (longer iris root distance [IRD]), and more anteriorly positioned ciliary body (shorter trabecular-ciliary process distance [TCPD] and iris-ciliary process distance [ICPD], and smaller trabecular-ciliary angle [TCA]) (A2 vs. B2). Scale bar: 1mm.</p

Comparison of ultrasound biomicroscopy parameters in fellow eyes of acute primary angle closure (Glaucoma) and chronic primary angle closure (Glaucoma).

<p>Comparison of ultrasound biomicroscopy parameters in fellow eyes of acute primary angle closure (Glaucoma) and chronic primary angle closure (Glaucoma).</p

Relationship of biometric and ultrasound biomicroscopy parameters with presence of acute angle closures.

<p>Relationship of biometric and ultrasound biomicroscopy parameters with presence of acute angle closures.</p