2-[5-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yl)-3-ferrocenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-4-phenyl-1,3-thia­zole

In the title compound, [Fe(C5H5)(C24H18N3O2S)], the pyrazoline ring adopts a twist conformation. The thia­zole ring forms dihedral angles of 83.7 (2) and 34.4 (2)° with the benzene ring of the benzodioxole ring and the fused phenyl ring, respectively. The mol­ecular conformation is stabilized by an intra­molecular C—H⋯π inter­action. The crystal packing features inter­molecular C—H⋯N, C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and weak C—H⋯π inter­actions

An efficient MAC protocol with adaptive energy harvesting for machine-to-machine networks

In a machine-to-machine network, the throughput performance plays a very important role. Recently, an attractive energy harvesting technology has shown great potential to the improvement of the network throughput, as it can provide consistent energy for wireless devices to transmit data. Motivated by that, an efficient energy harvesting-based medium access control (MAC) protocol is designed in this paper. In this protocol, different devices first harvest energy adaptively and then contend the transmission opportunities with energy level related priorities. Then, a new model is proposed to obtain the optimal throughput of the network, together with the corresponding hybrid differential evolution algorithm, where the involved variables are energy-harvesting time, contending time, and contending probability. Analytical and simulation results show that the network based on the proposed MAC protocol has greater throughput than that of the traditional methods. In addition, as expected, our scheme has less transmission delay, further enhancing its superiority

The effect of TrkA signaling pathway on the expressions of TRPC1，TRPC3 in 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned rat treated by electroacupuncture

Objective: We investigate the effect of TrkA signaling pathway on the expressions of transient receptor potential channel in 6-hydroxydopamine(6-OHDA) lesioned rat treated by electroacupuncture and to explore the role of trkA signaling pathway and TRP subfamily in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD), which would reveals the mechanisms of electroacupuncture (EA) neuroprotective effect. Methods:  The experimental models were established by unilateral injection of 6-OHDA into the left medial forebrain bundle (MFB).TrkA signaling pathway inhibitor K252a was infected into MFB through two small burr holes in the skull to block trkA signal.The change of TRPC1 and TRPC3 expressions was detected by use of immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR as well as TUNEL for cell apoptosis. Results:  The expressions of TRPC1 and TRPC3 in the substantia nigra (SN) of the 6-OHDA lesioned rat were significantly reduced. Compared with PD model group, TRPC1 and TRPC3 expressions were significantly increased in the EA group. There was no statistically significance in TRPC1 and TRPC3 expressions between K252a and PD model groups (P> 0.05). The number of apoptotic cells in SN increased 54.5% in the PD model rats, while positive apoptotic cells were significantly reduced in the EA group. There was no statistically significance in apoptotic cells between K252a and PD model groups (P>0.05). Conclusion:  TRPC1 and TRPC3 expressions downregulated in the SN of the 6-OHDA lesioned rat, which was accompanied by apoptosis increase in the SN. EA treatment could reverse this effect, and trkA signaling pathway inhibitors K252a can attenuate the neuroprotective effect of EA. It suggested that TRPC1 and TRPC3 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of PD, and certain TRPC subfamily expressions change may be associated with the pathogenesis of PD. Its expression might be subject to trkA signaling pathway, and this signal pathway may be the regulation target for EA neuroprotection.目的 观察trkA信号通路调控对电针处理的6-羟多巴胺(6-OHDA)损伤大鼠黑质瞬时受体势通道亚族TRPC1、TRPC3表达的影响，探讨trkA信号通路及TRPC1、TRPC3在帕金森病(PD)发病机制中的作用，揭示电针干预发挥神经保护效应的机制。方法 采用6-OHDA偏侧毁损方法建立PD大鼠模型，利用trkA信号通路抑制剂K252a立体定向注入左侧大鼠前脑束阻断trkA信号，用免疫组织化学法和RT-PCR法检测大鼠黑质区TRPC1、TRPC3基因表达的变化，并利用TUNEL检测黑质区细胞的凋亡情况。结果 模型组大鼠黑质区TRPC1和TRPC3基因表达显著减少，电针组大鼠黑质区TRPC1和TRPC3 基因表达较模型组显著增加；K252a组大鼠黑质区TRPC1、TRPC3表达明显减少，与模型组比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。与电针组比较，模型组大鼠黑质区凋亡阳性细胞数目增加54.5%，电针组凋亡阳性细胞显著减少；而K252a组凋亡阳性细胞数目与模型组比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 6-OHDA损伤大鼠黑质区TRPC1、TRPC3基因表达下调，同时黑质区细胞凋亡增加。电针干预能够逆转这一变化，trkA信号通路抑制剂K252a能削弱电针的神经保护作用。TRPC某些亚族基因如TRPC1、TRPC3可能在PD的发病中扮演重要角色。TRPC1、TRPC3的表达可能受trkA信号通路的调控，该信号通路可能是电针治疗PD发挥神经保护作用的重要调节靶点

1-(4-tert-Butyl­benz­yl)-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylic acid

In the title compound, C21H22N2O2, the mean plane of the pyrazole ring makes dihedral angles of 18.80 (12) and 77.13 (5)°, respectively, with the mean planes of the phenyl and tert-butyl­benzyl rings. The carboxylate group is inclined at 8.51 (14)° with respect to the pyrazole ring. The crystal structure displays inter­molecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bonding, generating centrosymmetric dimers

A convex geometry based blind source separation method for separating nonnegative sources

This paper presents a convex geometry (CG)-based method for blind separation of nonnegative sources. First, the unaccessible source matrix is normalized to be column-sum-to-one by mapping the available observation matrix. Then, its zero-samples are found by searching the facets of the convex hullspanned by the mapped observations. Considering these zerosamples, a quadratic cost function with respect to each row of the unmixing matrix, together with a linear constraint in relation to the involved variables, is proposed. Upon which, an algorithm is presented to estimate the unmixing matrix by solving a classical convex optimization problem. Unlike the traditional blind source separation (BSS) methods, the CG-based method does not require the independence assumption, nor the uncorrelation assumption. Compared with the BSS methods that are specifically designed to distinguish between nonnegative sources, the proposed method requires a weaker sparsity condition. Provided simulation results illustrate the performance of our method

2-(4-Chloro­phen­yl)-5-(3,4-dimethoxy­pheneth­yl)-6,7-dihydro­pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-4(5H)-one

In the title compound, C22H22ClN3O3, the dihedral angles between the planes of the benzene rings and the pyrazole ring are 16.05 (10) and 84.84 (10)°. The conformation of the six-membered heterocyclic ring is close to a screw-boat. The crystal packing is stabilized by weak inter­molecular C—H⋯O inter­actions and is also consolidated by C—H⋯π inter­actions

(E)-2,4-Dichloro-6-{1-[(2-chloro­eth­yl)imino]­eth­yl}phenol

The title Schiff base compound, C10H10Cl3NO, was prepared by the condensation of 1-(3,5-dichloro-2-hy­droxy­phen­yl)ethanone with chloro­ethyl­amine. The imine adopts an E configuration with respect to the C=N bond. The H atom of the phenolic OH group is disordered over two positions with site occupation factors of 0.52 (7) and 0.48 (7), respectively, and the major occupancy component is involved in an intramolecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bond. The compound therefore exists in an iminium–phenolate as well as in the imino–phenol form. In the crystal, mol­ecules are connected by C—H⋯O and C—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds and Cl⋯Cl inter­actions [3.7864 (9) Å] into a three-dimensional network. In addition, inter­molecular π–π stacking inter­actions [centroid–centroid distance = 4.4312 (9) Å] are observed