Porphyrin nanoparticles as supramolecular systems

Certain applications of supramolecular porphyrinic systems, such as molecular sieves and photonics, rely on precise nanoarchitectural control of the molecules and/or atoms; therefore they require self-assembled systems of discrete arrays and highly ordered crystals. Other applications, such as oxidation catalysts for simple substrates, may be affected by the use of self-organized materials with less supramolecular order. Colloidal porphyrin nanoparticles can be considered self-organized systems that are governed by the principles of supramolecular chemistry. The formation and potential applications of nanoparticles of these chromophores are discussed in this report with special emphasis on the parameters in the methods used to make these materials, and in terms of the supramolecular chemistry. These principles, concepts, and methodologies are applicable to a wide variety of organic dyes. Mais Dieu a choisi celuy qui est le plus parfait, c\u27est à dire celuy qui en même temps le plus simple en hypotheses, et le plus rich en phenomenes. Gottfried Leibniz. © The Royal Society of Chemistry and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Does right hemisphere compensate for the left in school-age children with large left middle fossa arachnoid cysts?

Abstract Background To assess the cognitive function changes and brain network neuroplasticity in school-age children having large (diameter > 5 cm) left middle fossa arachnoid cyst (MFACs). Methods Eleven patients and 22 normal controls (NC) between 6 and 14 years of age were included. The CNS Vital Signs (CNS VS) were administered for cognitive assessment. The differences of cognitive data and functional connectivity (FC) in resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) were compared between the patient group and the NC group. The correlations between the altered FC and cognitive data in the patient group were assessed. Results Patient group had significantly poorer attention (including Complex Attention, Sustained Attention, Simple Attention, Cognitive Flexibility, and Executive Function) and memory function (Visual Memory and Working Memory) than the NC group (uncorrected p-value, p-unc < 0.05). Whole-brain local correlation (LCOR) analysis showed an extensively lower LCOR in the patient group (voxel threshold p-unc < 0.001, cluster-size threshold of false discovery rate adjusted p (p-FDR) < 0.001). Functional connectivity (FC) analysis showed that bilateral frontal and temporal lobes connectivity in the patient group was significantly lower than the NC group (p-FDR < 0.05). Seed-based FC analysis indicated that there was altered FC between the right temporal lobe and the left temporal-parietal/temporal-occipital area (p-FDR < 0.05). In the patient group, most of the altered FC had a negative correlation to the cognitive score, while the FC in the right temporal lobe-left temporal-occipital area positively correlated to Verbal/Visual Memory (r = 0.41–0.60, p-FDR < 0.05). In correlation analysis between clinical data and cognitive score, the only significant result was a low correlation between cyst size and Reaction Time (-0.30–-0.36, P-FDR < 0.05). Conclusions School-aged children with large left MFAC showed significantly lower cognitive performance primarily in attention and memory domains. Distinct from neuroplasticity in a unilateral brain lesion, compensation in the healthy hemisphere in MFAC patients was sparse

Recombination and Mutation in a New HP-PRRSV Strain (SD2020) from China

A new HP-PRRSV strain (SD2020) was isolated from pigs with suspected highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome disease in a pig farm in Shandong Province, China, and its genome was sequenced. This pig farm has been using the VR-2332 vaccine strain to immunize pigs for a long time. The phylogenic and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) analysis of the viruses isolated from dead pigs showed that SD2020 was a natural recombinant virus of the VR-2332 vaccine strain and the JXA1 similar strain, and that two splicing fragments highly homologous to JXA1 in the virus genome were probably derived from the JXA1 wild strain and JXA1-R vaccine strain, respectively. Therefore, the possible recombination events of SD2020 and its mutation site might be related to high pathogenicity