Vision-Enhanced Semantic Entity Recognition in Document Images via Visually-Asymmetric Consistency Learning

Extracting meaningful entities belonging to predefined categories from Visually-rich Form-like Documents (VFDs) is a challenging task. Visual and layout features such as font, background, color, and bounding box location and size provide important cues for identifying entities of the same type. However, existing models commonly train a visual encoder with weak cross-modal supervision signals, resulting in a limited capacity to capture these non-textual features and suboptimal performance. In this paper, we propose a novel \textbf{V}isually-\textbf{A}symmetric co\textbf{N}sisten\textbf{C}y \textbf{L}earning (\textsc{Vancl}) approach that addresses the above limitation by enhancing the model's ability to capture fine-grained visual and layout features through the incorporation of color priors. Experimental results on benchmark datasets show that our approach substantially outperforms the strong LayoutLM series baseline, demonstrating the effectiveness of our approach. Additionally, we investigate the effects of different color schemes on our approach, providing insights for optimizing model performance. We believe our work will inspire future research on multimodal information extraction.Comment: 14 pages, 6 figures, Accepted by EMNLP202

Engaging Voluntary Contributions in Online Communities: A Hidden Markov Model

User contribution is critical to online communities but also difficult to sustain given its public goods nature. This paper studies the design of IT artifacts to motivate voluntary contributions in online communities. We propose a dynamic approach, which allows the effect of motivating mechanisms to change across users over time. We characterize the dynamics of user contributions using a hidden Markov model (HMM) with latent motivation states under the public goods framework. We focus on three motivating mechanisms on transitioning users between the latent states: reciprocity, peer recognition, and self-image. Based on Bayesian estimation of the model with user-level panel data, we identify three motivation states (low, medium, and high), and show that the motivating mechanisms, implemented through various IT artifacts, could work differently across states. Specifically, reciprocity is only effective to transition users from low to medium motivation state, whereas peer recognition can boost all users to higher states. And self-image shows no effect when a user is already in high motivation state, although it helps users in low and medium states move to the high state. Design simulations on our structural model provide additional insights into the consequences of changing specific IT artifacts. These findings offer implications for platform designers on how to motivate user contributions and build sustainable online communities

Three-dimensional graphene biointerface with extremely high sensitivity to single cancer cell monitoring

We developed a three-dimensional biointerface of graphene-based electrical impedance sensor for metastatic cancer diagnosis at single-cell resolution. Compared with traditional impedance sensor with two-dimensional interface, the graphene biointerface mimiced the topography and somatotype features of cancer cells, achieving more comprehensive and thorough single cell signals in the three-dimensional space. At the nodes of physiological behavior change of single cell, namely cell capture, adhesion, migration and proliferation, the collected electrical signals from graphene biointerface were about two times stronger than those from the two-dimensional gold interface due to the substantial increase in contact area and significant improvement of topographical interaction between cells and graphene electrode. Simultaneous CCD recording and electrical signal extraction from the entrapped single cell on the graphene biointerface enabled to investigate multidimensional cell-electrode interactions and predict cancerous stage and pathology

Elevated urinary monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 levels in children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis

Chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) has been proved as a potential urinary biomarker in nephropathies. The aim of this study was to investigate the urinary monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) levels and clinical significance in Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) children with and without nephritis and determine the association of MCP-1 with proteinuria. Methods: A total of 261 HSP children—with or without nephritis—and 84 healthy control children were enrolled in this study. Of these, 126 HSP nephritis (HSPN) children were subdivided into three groups according to total urine protein in 24 h (TUP): Group A, mild proteinuria group with TUP <25 mg/kg; Group B, moderate proteinuria group with TUP ≥25 mg/kg and <50 mg/kg; Group C, severe proteinuria group with TUP ≥50 mg/kg. Urinary MCP-1 levels were determined by ELISA. Levels of serum creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), urinary α1-micro globulin (α1-MG), micro-albumin (mAlb), immunoglobulin G (IgG), transferrin (TRF) and TUP were performed to determine their associations with MCP-1. Results: Urinary MCP-1 was significantly higher in HSPN group in comparison with HSP group and controls (P  0.05). The levels of urinary MCP-1 increased in parallel to the enhancement of total urine protein in 24 h in HSPN patients. There were statistically significant differences among these three groups of HSPN children (p < 0.05). Urinary MCP-1 correlated positively with urinary α1-MG, mAlb, IgG, TRF and TUP in HSPN, whereas no correlation was observed with serum Cr and BUN. Conclusions: MCP-1 was elevated in children with HSPN and correlated with proteinuria. Urinary MCP-1 could be used as a suitable, non-invasive biomarker to provide valuable information not only for the diagnosis of HSPN, but also for evaluation of severity of renal damage

Data_Sheet_2_Research hotspots and frontiers about role of visual perception in stroke: A bibliometric study.DOC

BackgroundVisual perception is a dynamic process of perceiving the environment through sensory input and transforming sensory input into meaningful concepts related to environmental visual knowledge. Many studies focusing on the role of visual perception after stroke have been published in various journals. However, a bibliometric analysis in the domain of visual perception after stroke is still lacking. This study aimed to deliver a visual analysis to analyze the global trends in research on the role of visual perception after stroke in the last 10 years.MethodsThe literature was derived from the Web of Science core collection database from 2012 to 2021. The collected material was limited to English articles and reviews. CiteSpace and Microsoft Excel were used for bibliographic analysis.ResultsA total of 298 articles were included in the analysis. The annual number of publications increased from 23 to 42 in the last decade. Rehabilitation was the main research hotspot (n = 85). Journal of Physical Therapy Science published the largest number of papers (n = 14). The most influential author, institution, and country were Rowe FJ (n = 17), League of European Research Universities (n = 45), and England (n = 54), respectively. The keywords with the longest burst period are field defect, hemineglect, disorder, and quality of life.ConclusionThis study analyzes the papers on the role of visual perception after stroke in the past 10 years and provides a new perspective for research in this field. At present, the number of articles in this field is not large and the cooperation network is not close enough. In the future, it is necessary to strengthen the cooperation among various countries, institutions, and authors. In addition, large samples and randomized controlled trials are needed to identify the potential treatments and pathophysiology for visual perceptual impairment after stroke.</p

Data_Sheet_1_Research hotspots and frontiers about role of visual perception in stroke: A bibliometric study.XLS

BackgroundVisual perception is a dynamic process of perceiving the environment through sensory input and transforming sensory input into meaningful concepts related to environmental visual knowledge. Many studies focusing on the role of visual perception after stroke have been published in various journals. However, a bibliometric analysis in the domain of visual perception after stroke is still lacking. This study aimed to deliver a visual analysis to analyze the global trends in research on the role of visual perception after stroke in the last 10 years.MethodsThe literature was derived from the Web of Science core collection database from 2012 to 2021. The collected material was limited to English articles and reviews. CiteSpace and Microsoft Excel were used for bibliographic analysis.ResultsA total of 298 articles were included in the analysis. The annual number of publications increased from 23 to 42 in the last decade. Rehabilitation was the main research hotspot (n = 85). Journal of Physical Therapy Science published the largest number of papers (n = 14). The most influential author, institution, and country were Rowe FJ (n = 17), League of European Research Universities (n = 45), and England (n = 54), respectively. The keywords with the longest burst period are field defect, hemineglect, disorder, and quality of life.ConclusionThis study analyzes the papers on the role of visual perception after stroke in the past 10 years and provides a new perspective for research in this field. At present, the number of articles in this field is not large and the cooperation network is not close enough. In the future, it is necessary to strengthen the cooperation among various countries, institutions, and authors. In addition, large samples and randomized controlled trials are needed to identify the potential treatments and pathophysiology for visual perceptual impairment after stroke.</p

Litter Inputs Control the Pattern of Soil Aggregate-Associated Organic Carbon and Enzyme Activities in Three Typical Subtropical Forests

Soil extracellular enzyme activities among aggregate fractions are critical to short-term microbial activity and long–term carbon dynamics in forest ecosystems, but little is known regarding the effects of forest types on the soil enzyme activities in different soil aggregate fractions. Three typical subtropical forest types (Broadleaved forest, Moso bamboo forest and Chinese fir forest) were selected, and undisturbed soil samples (0–15 cm) were collected. We investigated the effects of forest types on aggregate stability (mean weight diameter, geometric mean diameter and fractal dimension), aggregate–associated organic carbon (OC) and the functionality of five enzymes (cellobiohydrolase, β-glucosidase, β-xylosidase, N–acetylglucosaminidase, leucine aminopeptidase) of different aggregate fractions (>2 mm, 0.25–2 mm, 0.053–0.25 mm and <0.053 mm). The results showed that the proportion of macro-aggregates, aggregate stability and macro–aggregates associated–carbon content and storage were higher in broadleaved and Moso bamboo forests than in Chinese fir forests, indicating that forest types influence the distribution of total soil OC among aggregate fraction classes and would delay the loss of OC in broadleaved and Moso bamboo forests. We also found that the extracellular enzymes were higher in aggregates of broadleaved forests and Moso bamboo forests. SEM (structural equation model) analysis also supported significantly positive relationships between litter quantity and aggregate enzyme activity, and indirect impact of litter quantity and litter C/N ratio together with soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil aggregate organic C content (SAOCC) on aggregate enzyme activity. The results of this study indicate that forest types showed large impact on aggregate-associated OC and enzyme activities, and the litter input of different forest types is the main control on enzyme activity among different aggregate fractions, and thus may play an important role in adjusting the sink capacity and stability of SOC

Litter Inputs Control the Pattern of Soil Aggregate-Associated Organic Carbon and Enzyme Activities in Three Typical Subtropical Forests

Soil extracellular enzyme activities among aggregate fractions are critical to short-term microbial activity and long&ndash;term carbon dynamics in forest ecosystems, but little is known regarding the effects of forest types on the soil enzyme activities in different soil aggregate fractions. Three typical subtropical forest types (Broadleaved forest, Moso bamboo forest and Chinese fir forest) were selected, and undisturbed soil samples (0&ndash;15 cm) were collected. We investigated the effects of forest types on aggregate stability (mean weight diameter, geometric mean diameter and fractal dimension), aggregate&ndash;associated organic carbon (OC) and the functionality of five enzymes (cellobiohydrolase, &beta;-glucosidase, &beta;-xylosidase, N&ndash;acetylglucosaminidase, leucine aminopeptidase) of different aggregate fractions (&gt;2 mm, 0.25&ndash;2 mm, 0.053&ndash;0.25 mm and &lt;0.053 mm). The results showed that the proportion of macro-aggregates, aggregate stability and macro&ndash;aggregates associated&ndash;carbon content and storage were higher in broadleaved and Moso bamboo forests than in Chinese fir forests, indicating that forest types influence the distribution of total soil OC among aggregate fraction classes and would delay the loss of OC in broadleaved and Moso bamboo forests. We also found that the extracellular enzymes were higher in aggregates of broadleaved forests and Moso bamboo forests. SEM (structural equation model) analysis also supported significantly positive relationships between litter quantity and aggregate enzyme activity, and indirect impact of litter quantity and litter C/N ratio together with soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil aggregate organic C content (SAOCC) on aggregate enzyme activity. The results of this study indicate that forest types showed large impact on aggregate-associated OC and enzyme activities, and the litter input of different forest types is the main control on enzyme activity among different aggregate fractions, and thus may play an important role in adjusting the sink capacity and stability of SOC