Heat Shock Proteins 70 Regulate Cell Motility and Invadopodia-Associated Proteins Expression in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

BackgroundMany studies have shown that diabetes is often closely related to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) occurrence and metastasis. Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) is a molecular chaperone related to diabetes complications. This study aims to investigate the role of Hsp70 in OSCC in expression of invadopodia-associated proteins.MethodsThe expressions and correlation of HSP70, Hif1α, MMP2, MMP14, and cortactin were examined using bioinformatics analysis and verified by OSCC tissue microarrays. Assay in vitro was performed to analyze cell migration capacity after treatment with or without the HSP70 inhibitor.ResultsThe expressions of invadopodia-associated proteins were enhanced in OSCC tissues compared with paracarcinoma tissues and partially correlated with HSP70. Inhibiting HSP70 significantly decreased the cell viability, proliferation, and migration of OSCC cells.ConclusionsHSP70 may be involved in invadopodia-associated proteins in OSCC cells, which provides a promising method for treatment of OSCC metastasis

Compact dual-band antenna based on CRLH-TL for WWAN/LTE terminal applications

In this article, a compact dual‐band antenna based on composite right/left‐handed transmission line (CRLH‐TL) is proposed for WWAN/LTE wireless terminal applications. By using 2 symmetrical CRLH structures, the proposed antenna can easily produce 2 wide separate operating frequency bands with a compact size of 25 × 25 × 6 mm3. Additionally, a pair of matching strips is introduced on both sides of the feeding line to further improve the impedance characteristics of the terminal antenna. The experimental results demonstrate the proposed antenna is capable of working over the frequency ranges of 0.66‐1.06 GHz and 1.68‐2.88 GHz with |S11| < −6 dB, which can cover the bands of LTE700, GSM850, GSM900, GSM1800, GSM1900, UMTS, LTE2300, and LTE2500 for wireless terminals. Moreover, the multiple input multiple output (MIMO) operating performance of the proposed antenna element is also studied, and an enhanced isolation between the antenna elements is obtained by utilizing the defected ground structures and grounded branches