59 research outputs found
Assessing institutional and environmental parameters of agricultural water use in South Asia: evidences from the Indo-Gangetic Basin
River basins / Irrigation water / Water use / Economic aspects / Environmental effects / Corporate culture / Valuation / Case studies / Water market / Wells / South Asia
Valuating agricultural water use and ecological services in agrarian economies: evidences from eastern India
Irrigation water / Water use / Economic aspects / Valuation / Land ownership / India
Environmental services and agricultural water in South Asia: evidence from Indo-Gangetic Basin
Irrigation water / Water use / River basins / Environmental effects / Models / South Asia / India / Pakistan / Nepal / Indo-Gangetic Basin
Economic effects of water use and landholding scale to farming in South Asia: evidences from Indo-Gangetic basin
Agricultural development / Irrigation water / Water use / Water allocation / Land ownership / Economic aspects / River basins / Models / South Asia / Indo-Gangetic Basin
Research analysis on the effects of agricultural water and landholdings to rural livelihoods in Indo-Gangetic Basin: with emphasis on Bihar State
Agricultural development / River basins / Water use / Irrigation water / Economic aspects / Land ownership / Water allocation / Models / Case studies / Policy / South Asia / India / Indo-Gangetic Basin
Agricultural water and energy management in Tajikistan:a new opportunity
Agricultural water use in Tajikistan is largely based on mechanized irrigation pumps. The farming community cannot afford the cost of the energy used for pumping, resulting in large debts to the service provider. We propose limiting pumping facilities for five years in exchange for energy export to neighbouring countries. The energy export could cover the annual pumping expenditures, pay off agricultural debt and partly rehabilitate the irrigation network. We suggest three scenarios with different pumping energy reductions, and the relevant technical parameters of the set-aside scheme are assessed
Introducing a Regulatory Policy Framework of Bait Fishing in European Coastal Lagoons: The Case of Ria de Aveiro in Portugal
The harvesting of bait through digging in coastal mudflats is practiced for recreational
and commercial purposes in European coastal systems including the Ria de Aveiro coastal lagoon
on the northwest Atlantic coast of Portugal. The scale of harvesting in the Ria de Aveiro has
recently increased due to the current economic climate in Portugal, with targeting of the polychaete,
Diopatra neapolitana species or “casulo” as it is widely known in the Aveiro region. The national
authorities have attempted to control casulo digging by issuing a regulation (Ordinance) in 2014 on
the maximum daily catch limit to be caught by each individual. The daily catch limit is intended to
represent the Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) for casulo beyond which overfishing will occur.
The monitoring of the regulatory measures is expected to be conducted through on-site inspections in
the digging areas. However, weak law enforcement was noticed, while there is also controversy over
the daily catch limit (quota) stipulated by the Ordinance. To this end, the current study attempted
to assess digging activities through remote monitoring and random inspections for a better policy
enforcement of the national regulation. In addition, different harvesting scenarios were employed
through a simplified bioeconomic model to attribute the current and future harvesting trends of
bait digging in Aveiro coastal lagoon. The study findings indicate that remote monitoring coupled
with some onsite interviews could be a more effective approach for the implementation of the
current bait digging policy. Further, the results point to a distinctive discrepancy between the
daily catch amount (MSY) introduced by the national legislation and the study findings which
should be further scrutinized. The diggers seem to have reached the sustainable harvest identified
by the present research. The current economic hardship in Portugal and the low profitability in
similar employment sectors will possibly attract more diggers and increase harvesting in the near
future. An increased harvest would likely trigger overfishing of D. neapolitana with unknown
consequences for the population of the species as well as the aquatic ecosystem. The socio-economic
and environmental effects are yet to be further clarified with more detailed data and advanced
modeling techniques to ensure the sustainability of the activity
Survey on household solid waste sorting at source in developing economies : a case study of Nur-Sultan City in Kazakhstan
The exponential population growth in urban areas makes existing solid waste management policies and strategies challenging. The situation becomes more strenuous in fast-growing cities where increasing waste production can hardly be met by the capacity of existing facilities. Practices like waste prevention, recycling, reuse, and recovery are fundamental elements needed for the reduction of solid waste disposed in landfills, especially in fast-growing cities where more sustainable management practices need to be adopted. This study investigated the behavioral attitudes of citizens of the capital of Kazakhstan, Nur-Sultan (former Astana), towards household solid waste disposal and separation at the source. The survey was conducted through stratified random sampling during April and July of 2018 with the participation of 3281 respondents. It is the first attempt, to our knowledge, of assessing recycling trends in Kazakhstan from the household perspective. The results showed that 24% of respondents were already sorting household solid waste despite the absence of a separation system at the source. The study further demonstrated that separation at source could be effective if the local authorities were to introduce sound public awareness campaigns and install recycling bins in close proximity to residential buildings
Developing an ecological-economic assessment framework for urban wastewater systems: the case of Athens and Vils wastewater systems
To achieve a good ecological status as proposed by the European Water Framework Directive (WFD; 2000/60/EEC) large investments from urban wastewater authorities are required. The Directive anticipates that cost-effective plans and their economic benefits will offset the high costs required for wastewater upgrading projects. However, urban waste water authorities claim that cost-effective measures are already in place and that little improvement can be made. Current valuation studies have focused either on ecological elements or economic aspects without offering persuading evidence on the cost versus benefits of upgrading projects. To this aim, the current study developed an ecological-economic valuation framework for the comparative assessment of the ecologically sustainable levels in receiving waters and the associated economic effects. The central Wastewater Treatment Plant in Athens (Greece) and the small treatment plant in Vils (Austria) are used as representative case studies
Introducing a Regulatory Policy Framework of Bait Fishing in European Coastal Lagoons: The Case of Ria de Aveiro in Portugal
The harvesting of bait through digging in coastal mudflats is practiced for recreational and commercial purposes in European coastal systems including the Ria de Aveiro coastal lagoon on the northwest Atlantic coast of Portugal. The scale of harvesting in the Ria de Aveiro has recently increased due to the current economic climate in Portugal, with targeting of the polychaete, Diopatra neapolitana species or “casulo” as it is widely known in the Aveiro region. The national authorities have attempted to control casulo digging by issuing a regulation (Ordinance) in 2014 on the maximum daily catch limit to be caught by each individual. The daily catch limit is intended to represent the Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) for casulo beyond which overfishing will occur. The monitoring of the regulatory measures is expected to be conducted through on-site inspections in the digging areas. However, weak law enforcement was noticed, while there is also controversy over the daily catch limit (quota) stipulated by the Ordinance. To this end, the current study attempted to assess digging activities through remote monitoring and random inspections for a better policy enforcement of the national regulation. In addition, different harvesting scenarios were employed through a simplified bioeconomic model to attribute the current and future harvesting trends of bait digging in Aveiro coastal lagoon. The study findings indicate that remote monitoring coupled with some onsite interviews could be a more effective approach for the implementation of the current bait digging policy. Further, the results point to a distinctive discrepancy between the daily catch amount (MSY) introduced by the national legislation and the study findings which should be further scrutinized. The diggers seem to have reached the sustainable harvest identified by the present research. The current economic hardship in Portugal and the low profitability in similar employment sectors will possibly attract more diggers and increase harvesting in the near future. An increased harvest would likely trigger overfishing of D. neapolitana with unknown consequences for the population of the species as well as the aquatic ecosystem. The socio-economic and environmental effects are yet to be further clarified with more detailed data and advanced modeling techniques to ensure the sustainability of the activity
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