Multivariate analysis of the effects of demographic and clinical variables and treatment strategy on total costs over 4 years.

<p>The reported Rate Ratios describe the variations in costs expressed as a multiplicative factor for patients presenting the associated characteristic compared to those who did not, all other things being equal.</p><p>MCMC = Markov Chain Monte Carlo; CI = Confidence Intervalle; HAQ = Health Assessment Questionnaire; RA = Rheumatoid Arthritis; ICC = Intraclass Correlation Coefficient.</p>1<p>Median and range for all 24 imputed datasets.</p

Multivariate analysis of the effects of demographic and clinical variables and treatment strategy on other health resource use costs over 4 years.

<p>The reported Rate Ratios describe the variations in costs expressed as a multiplicative factor for patients presenting the associated characteristic compared to those who did not, all other things being equal.</p><p>MCMC = Markov Chain Monte Carlo; CI = Confidence Intervalle; HAQ = Health Assessment Questionnaire; RA = Rheumatoid Arthritis; ICC = Intraclass Correlation Coefficient.</p>1<p>Median and range for all 24 imputed datasets<b>.</b></p

Disease activity per period among matched groups of FYB and LYB users.

<p>* 37 FYB users and 37 LYB users were matched for clinical and sociodemographic baseline characteristics using a logistic regression propensity score. ** Low disease activity is defined as DAS-28≤3.2.</p

Mean costs per period according to treatment strategy.

<p>(A) Mean total costs according to treatment strategy; (B) Mean other health resource use costs according to treatment strategy.</p

Baseline patient characteristics.

<p>Values are mean values (SD) or number of patients (%).</p>1<p>Eular Guideline: 1st rheumatologist visit after RA onset <45 days; ESR = Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, CRP = C-Reactive Protein, DAS-28 = Disease Activity Score 28, HAQ = Health Assessment Questionnaire, ACR = American College of Rheumatology, VAS = Visual analogue scale, EULAR = European League Against Rheumatism, DMARD = Disease-modifying antirheumatic drug, ACPA = anti-citrullinated protein antibody.</p

Annual costs over the 4-year follow-up by resource component.

1<p>Physician visit costs used were the following: 28.27€ for rheumatologists, 28.61€ for internists, 22.13€ for general practitioners and 30.56€ for orthopaedist surgeons.</p>2<p>Health professional consultation costs used were the following: 11.30 € for nurses, 16.32 € for physiotherapists, 40.82 € for psychologists and 14.90 € for occupational therapists.</p>3<p>Lab test costs used were the following: 173.80 € for inclusion biologic investigations, 28.86 € for monthly biologic tests and 42.63 € for annual biologic tests.</p>4<p>Imaging and other devices costs included the following: 19.95 to 39.95 € for X-ray depending on the number of X-rays (19.95 € for the 1st X-ray, 39.95 € for the 2nd, 21.28 € for the 3rd, 20.00 € for the 4th), 69.00 € for MRI, 25.27 € for CT-scanner, 96.00 € for gastric endoscopy and 204.18 € for colonoscopy.</p>5<p>Transportation costs were calculated on the basis of a reimbursement fee of 1.17 € per km.</p>6<p>Inpatient costs were based on DRG tariffs.</p><p>DMARD = Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs.</p

Humoral immune response to TNF.

<p>Patients were treated with 2 doses (days 0 and 28) or 3 doses (days 0, 7, and 28) of placebo or 90, 180, or 360 µg TNF-K. Anti-TNF antibody titers were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. (A) GMTs. (B) Percent of patients in each treatment group with detectable anti-TNF antibodies (titer ≥200) up to month 3 (at study day 38, 56, or 84), at month 6, at month 12, or at any time up to month 12 (i.e., antibody responders).</p

Study design.

<p>In the first stage, 8 patients were randomized 3∶1 to receive 90 µg TNF-K or placebo, in the second, 16 patients were randomized 3∶1 to receive 180 µg TNF-K or placebo, and in the third, 17 patients were randomized 3∶1 to receive 360 µg TNF-K or placebo. In each stage, patients were also randomized 1∶1 to receive 2 doses (day 0, 28) or 3 doses (day 0, 7, 28) (arrows). For stages 1 and 2, after 3 patients had been enrolled and no safety issues had been reported for at least 7 days, enrolment in the subsequent stage started in parallel. One patient randomized to receive 3 doses of 360 µg TNF-K withdrew consent prior to treatment. The principal analysis portion of the study continued up to day 84, and the follow-up portion continued up to month 12.</p

Additional file 1: Table S1. of Serum IL-33, a new marker predicting response to rituximab in rheumatoid arthritis

Baseline characteristics of RA patients from Clermont and from Leeds. (DOC 33 kb

Difference from baseline for clinical assessments in anti-TNF antibody responders and non-responders.

<p>Post-hoc analyses: Mean changes in clinical assessments from baseline are shown at months 3, 6, and 12 for antibody responders (detectable anti-TNF antibodies at any time; gray bars) and for non-responders (white bars). (A) DAS28-CRP. (B) CRP. (C) Tender joints count. (D) Swollen joints count. (E) Patient’s global activity score. (F) Physician’s global activity score. (G) Patient assessment of pain. (H) Change in HAQ disability/function score. Error bars indicate standard error of the mean. P-values were determined by Wilcoxon rank-sum test. NS, not significant (p≥0.05). In responders, n = 19 at month 3, 16 at months 6 and 12 except at month 3 for Physician GAS n = 18 and for CRP n = 20. In non-responders, n = 17 at month 3 and 15 at months 6 and 12 except at month 6 n = 14 for CRP and DAS 28 score.</p