Holographic thermalization with a chemical potential in Gauss-Bonnet gravity

Holographic thermalization is studied in the framework of Einstein-Maxwell-Gauss-Bonnet gravity. We use the two-point correlation function and expectation value of Wilson loop, which are dual to the renormalized geodesic length and minimal area surface in the bulk, to probe the thermalization. The numeric result shows that larger the Gauss-Bonnet coefficient is, shorter the thermalization time is, and larger the charge is, longer the thermalization time is, which implies that the Gauss-Bonnet coefficient can accelerate the thermalization while the charge has an opposite effect. In addition, we obtain the functions with respect to the thermalization time for both the thermalization probes at a fixed charge and Gauss-Bonnet coefficient, and on the basis of these functions, we obtain the thermalization velocity, which shows that the thermalization process is non-monotonic. At the middle and later periods of the thermalization process, we find that there is a phase transition point, which divides the thermalization into an acceleration phase and a deceleration phase. We also study the effect of the charge and Gauss-Bonnet coefficient on the phase transition point.Comment: 23 pages, many figures,footnote 4 is modified. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1305.484

Holographic thermalization in noncommutative geometry

Gravitational collapse of a shell of dust in noncommutative geometry is probed by the renormalized geodesic length, which is dual to probe the thermalization by the two-point correlation function in the dual conformal field theory. We find that larger the noncommutative parameter is, longer the thermalization time is, which implies that the large noncommutative parameter delays the thermalization process. We also investigate how the noncommutative parameter affects the thermalization velocity and thermalization acceleration.Comment: some materials have been delete

Restarted Hessenberg method for solving shifted nonsymmetric linear systems

It is known that the restarted full orthogonalization method (FOM) outperforms the restarted generalized minimum residual (GMRES) method in several circumstances for solving shifted linear systems when the shifts are handled simultaneously. Many variants of them have been proposed to enhance their performance. We show that another restarted method, the restarted Hessenberg method [M. Heyouni, M\'ethode de Hessenberg G\'en\'eralis\'ee et Applications, Ph.D. Thesis, Universit\'e des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, France, 1996] based on Hessenberg procedure, can effectively be employed, which can provide accelerating convergence rate with respect to the number of restarts. Theoretical analysis shows that the new residual of shifted restarted Hessenberg method is still collinear with each other. In these cases where the proposed algorithm needs less enough CPU time elapsed to converge than the earlier established restarted shifted FOM, weighted restarted shifted FOM, and some other popular shifted iterative solvers based on the short-term vector recurrence, as shown via extensive numerical experiments involving the recent popular applications of handling the time fractional differential equations.Comment: 19 pages, 7 tables. Some corrections for updating the reference

(E)-Methyl N′-[(1H-indol-3-yl)methyl­idene]hydrazinecarboxyl­ate 0.25-hydrate

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C11H11N3O2·0.25H2O, contains two independent organic mol­ecules and a water mol­ecule, which lies on a twofold rotation axis. The side chains of the two mol­ecules have slightly different orientations, the C=N—N—C torsion angle being −163.03 (15)° in one and −177.52 (14)° in the other, with each adopting a trans configuration with respect to the C=N bond. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked into chains extending along b by N—H⋯O, O—H⋯N and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and in addition, four inter­molecular C—H⋯π inter­actions are present

Thymol exerts anti-inflammatory effect in dextran sulfate sodium-induced experimental murine colitis

Purpose: To investigate the effect of thymol on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced experimental colitis in mice.Methods: Colitis in mice was induced by drinking water with 2.5 % (w/v) DSS. The levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and superoxide (SOD) in colonic tissues were determined using commercial kits. Histological changes were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The production of nitric oxide (NO) was measured by Griess assay. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were assessed by quantitative PCR and ELISA kits. Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) pathway activation was determined by Western blot.Results: Thymol markedly reduced disease activity index (DAI) scores, and recovered the colon length. Histological damage and MPO levels in the colonic tissues were markedly inhibited (p < 0.05) by thymol, which also reduced mRNA expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in the colon. In addition, it downregulated MDA level but elevated GSH and SOD levels. Moreover, in vitro data showed that thymol significantly inhibited (p < 0.05) lipopolysaccharide-induced secretion of NO, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in macrophages, and suppressed (p < 0.05) the activation of NF-κB pathway.Conclusion: Thymol attenuates experimental colitis by down-regulating the activation of NF-κB pathway. Therefore, thymol is a potential candidate drug for the management of ulcerative colitis.Keywords: Thymol, Ulcerative colitis, Dextran sulfate sodium, Macrophages, Nuclear factor-kappa

血浆同型半胱胺酸和D-二聚体水平与急性期脑梗死各亚型的关系

Purpose-To study plasma homocysteine(Hcy)/D-dimer levels in patients with differernt subtype of acute cerebral infarction for early etiology diagnosis. Methods: The subjects were 246 acute cerebral infarction patients in the first 24 hours of stroke onset at our hospital. We divided them into large –artery atherosclerosis(LAA) group(n=66), small artery occlusion(SAO) group(n=76), cardio embolism(CE) group(n=40),stroke of other demonstrated etiology(SOE) group (n=11)and stroke of other undemonstrated etiology(SUE) group(n=51) according to the TOAST classification. Plasma homocysteine and D-diamer were determined within the first 24 hours of admission, the differences in subgroups and control group(n=121) were analyzed. Results:Plasma homocysteine levels in LAA group were signficantly higher than other groups(P<0.05), no differences in non-LAA groups(P>0.05);Plasma D-diamer levels in CE group were significant higher than other groups(P<0.05), no differences in non-CE groups(P>0.05). Conclusions: Plasma homocysteine and D-diamer level are associated with subtypes of acute cerebral infarction, and it contributed to early classification diagnosis and individual treatment of patients with acute cerebral infarction.目的：探讨血浆同型半胱胺酸和D-二聚体在急性期各亚型脑梗死之间的差异，为临床脑梗死亚型的病因学诊断提供理论依据。方法：收集我院246例24 h内发病的脑梗死患者，根据TOAST分型方法进行病因学分型：大动脉粥样硬化性脑卒中(1arge—artery atherosclerosis，LAA；n=66)、小动脉闭塞性脑卒中(small-artery occlusion ,SAO；n=76)、心源性脑栓塞(cardio embolism，CE；n=40)、其他确定原因引发的缺血性脑卒中(stroke of other demonstrated etiology，SOE；n=11)和不明原因的缺血性脑卒中(stroke of other undemonstrated etiology，SUE；n=51)。在入院24小时内测定血浆同型半胱胺酸（Hcy）和D-二聚体（DD）的含量，并与121例对照组进行比较，分析二者在不同亚型脑梗死及对照组之间的差异。结果：LAA组同型半胱氨酸水平明显高于其它4组及对照组(P<0．05) ，其他 4个亚型(SAA、CA、SOE、SUE)及对照组组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0．05)。CE组血浆D-二聚体含量最高,显著高于其他各亚型组及对照组(P<0.05); 其他 4个亚型(SAA、CA、SOE、SUE)及对照组组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0．05)。结论：急性期各亚型脑梗死之间血浆同型半胱胺酸和D-二聚体升高程度不同,这对于临床早期分型诊断及个体化治疗有着重要指导意义

N′-(4-Hydroxy­benzyl­idene)aceto­hydrazide monohydrate

In the title compound, C9H10N2O2·H2O, the mol­ecular skeleton of the acetohydrazide mol­ecule is nearly planar [within 0.014 (1) Å]. The mol­ecule adopts a trans configuration with respect to the C=N bond, while the side chain is slightly twisted away from the attached ring, forming a dihedral angle of 9.975 (8)°. The crystal packing exhibits a three-dimensional network composed from alternating acetohydrazide mol­ecules and uncoordinated water mol­ecules, which inter­act via N—H⋯O, O—H⋯O and O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds. A C—H⋯π inter­action is also present

Restoring Images Captured in Arbitrary Hybrid Adverse Weather Conditions in One Go

Adverse conditions typically suffer from stochastic hybrid weather degradations (e.g., rainy and hazy night), while existing image restoration algorithms envisage that weather degradations occur independently, thus may fail to handle real-world complicated scenarios. Besides, supervised training is not feasible due to the lack of a comprehensive paired dataset to characterize hybrid conditions. To this end, we have advanced the aforementioned limitations with two tactics: framework and data. First, we present a novel unified framework, dubbed RAHC, to Restore Arbitrary Hybrid adverse weather Conditions in one go. Specifically, our RAHC leverages a multi-head aggregation architecture to learn multiple degradation representation subspaces and then constrains the network to flexibly handle multiple hybrid adverse weather in a unified paradigm through a discrimination mechanism in the output space. Furthermore, we devise a reconstruction vectors aided scheme to provide auxiliary visual content cues for reconstruction, thus can comfortably cope with hybrid scenarios with insufficient remaining image constituents. Second, we construct a new dataset, termed HAC, for learning and benchmarking arbitrary Hybrid Adverse Conditions restoration. HAC contains 31 scenarios composed of an arbitrary combination of five common weather, with a total of ~316K adverse-weather/clean pairs. Extensive experiments yield superior results and establish new state-of-the-art results on both HAC and conventional datasets.Comment: In submissio