Motivating Young Students to Start a Career in Nuclear: The Basic Course of Science and Nuclear Technology, An Educational Activity of Spanish Young Generation in Nuclear (JÓVENES NUCLEARES)

The main objective of this course, conducted by Jóvenes Nucleares (Spanish Young Generation in Nuclear, JJNN), a non-profit organization that depends on the Spanish Nuclear Society (SNE) is to pass on basic knowledge about Science and Nuclear Technology to the general public, mostly students and introduce them to its most relevant points. The purposes of this course are to provide general information, to answer the most common questions about Nuclear Energy and to motivate the young students to start a career in nuclear. Therefore, it is directed mainly to high school and university students, but also to general people that wants to learn about the key issues of such an important matter in our society. Anybody could attend the course, as no specific scientific education is required. The course is done at least once a year, during the Annual Meeting of the Spanish Nuclear Society, which takes place in a different Spanish city each time. The course is done also to whichever university or institution that asks for it to JJNN, with the only limit of the presenter´s availability. The course is divided into the following chapters: Physical nuclear and radiation principles, Nuclear power plants, Nuclear safety, Nuclear fuel, Radioactive waste, Decommission of nuclear facilities, Future nuclear power plants, Other uses of nuclear technology, Nuclear energy, climate change and sustainable development. The course is divided into 15 minutes lessons on the above topics, imparted by young professionals, experts in the field that belongs either to the Spanish Young Generation in Nuclear, either to companies and institutions related with nuclear energy. At the end of the course, a 200 pages book with the contents of the course is handed to every member of the audience. This book is also distributed in other course editions at high schools and universities in order to promote the scientific dissemination of the Nuclear Technology. As an extra motivation, JJNN delivers a course certificate to the assistants. At the end of the last edition course, in Santiago de Compostela, the assistants were asked to provide a feedback about it. Some really interesting lessons were learned, that will be very useful to improve next editions of the course. As a general conclusion of the courses it can be said that many of the students that have assisted to the course have increased their motivation in the nuclear field, and hopefully it will help the young talents to choose the nuclear field to develop their career

Overview of the JET results in support to ITER

The 2014–2016 JET results are reviewed in the light of their significance for optimising the ITER research plan for the active and non-active operation. More than 60 h of plasma operation with ITER first wall materials successfully took place since its installation in 2011. New multi-machine scaling of the type I-ELM divertor energy flux density to ITER is supported by first principle modelling. ITER relevant disruption experiments and first principle modelling are reported with a set of three disruption mitigation valves mimicking the ITER setup. Insights of the L–H power threshold in Deuterium and Hydrogen are given, stressing the importance of the magnetic configurations and the recent measurements of fine-scale structures in the edge radial electric. Dimensionless scans of the core and pedestal confinement provide new information to elucidate the importance of the first wall material on the fusion performance. H-mode plasmas at ITER triangularity (H = 1 at βN ~ 1.8 and n/nGW ~ 0.6) have been sustained at 2 MA during 5 s. The ITER neutronics codes have been validated on high performance experiments. Prospects for the coming D–T campaign and 14 MeV neutron calibration strategy are reviewed.European Commission (EUROfusion 633053

Witch flounder (Glyptocephalus cynoglossus) in the Spanish Fishery in NAFO Regulatory Area (Divisions 3LM and 3NO) 1991-94

The by-catch of witch flounder in the. Greenland halibut Spanish fishery in the NAFO Regulatory Area was analyzed during the period 1991 to 1994. A total of 32483 hauls were sampled. Data from 3N0 Spanish bottom trawl survey were also included in this analysis. Total catch was estimated for this period, showing high variability both by division and by year. The maximum was reached in 1994 in NAFO Div. 3NO.The yield shows seasonality. It was greater in March-April. In the period 1992-96, the annual yield shows a increasing. The length distribution and the length/weight relationshps was obtained in a deep range of 1500m. The length range was 24-58 in males and 26-62 in females. The mean length decreased througth the period analysed, and it was higer in the large vessel catches. The individuals were also larger in 3M division. The sex ratio showed seasonal variation in the large vessels catches, while any clear trend appears in the small ones. In addition to Greenland halibut, which was the target species, the main accompaining species of the witch flounder catches were: redfish, grenadiers, skate and occasionaly American plaice

Witch Flounder (Gyptocephalus cynoglossus) in the Spanish Deep-sea Fishery (NAFO Divisions 3LMNO), 1991–94

The by-catch of witch flounder (Glyptocephalus cynoglossus) was studied in the Spanish deep-sea fishery for Greenland halibut, which developed in the NAFO Regulatory Area in Div. 3LMNO over the period 1991–94. A total of 32 483 hauls were sampled. Some data from the Div. 3NO Spanish bottom trawl survey in 1995 and 1996 were also included in this study. Witch flounder yield was estimated for this period. The yield showed an annual seasonality where yield was greater in spring. Through the period 1992–96, the overall annual yield showed a general increase. The length frequency and the length/weight relationship were obtained from samplings performed at depths ranging from 800 m to 1500 m. The length range of the individuals was 26–60 cm in males and 22–72 cm in females. The mean length decreased throughout the period analyzed, and was higher in the large vessel catches. The individuals were also larger in Div. 3M. The sex ratio showed seasonal variation in the large vessel catches, while no clear trend appeared in the small vessels. In addition to Greenland halibut, which was the target species, the main fish species accompanying the witch flounder catches were redfish, grenadiers, skate and American plaice as incidental catch

Results from the 99 Spanish Bottom Trawl Survey in the Regulatory Area for Divisions 3NO

As the previous years a stratified-random bottom trawl survey was performed in NAFO Regulatory Area (Divisions 3NO) during 7 th to 28 th May. The survey, witch covered offshore areas on the Grand Bank, was conducted following the same procedures and the same vessel and gear of the 1995-98 surveys (Paz, et al, 1995; 1996, 1997, Durán et al, 1998). The area and strata to be covered by the survey were based on the stratification charts and tables in Bishop (1994)

A Preliminary Investigation of the Efficiency of Canadian and Spanish Survey Bottom Trawls on the Southern Grand Bank

Preliminary analysis of the capture efficiency of the bottom trawls used by Canada and Spain in surveys of the Grand Bank was conducted using a variant of the logistic model to analyse a series of comparative fishing data. Within the Canadian comparative data of the old and new survey trawls, the new survey trawl was less efficient for larger cod and yellowtail flounder but not so for American plaice. However, there is some uncertainty in capture probability for larger fish because of a sparse catches in the data. The Spanish survey trawl is more efficient than the new Canadian survey trawl because of the use of longer sweep lines, which increase catchability in plaice and yellowtail flounder. The logistic model did not fit the data well, in particular for yellowtail flounder. Further analysis is suggested which may offer more insight into modelling and interpretation of the capture efficiency of these survey trawls